基于流固耦合作用的砂岩地浸采铀效果数值模拟分析

为探究低渗砂岩铀矿在不同因素下的产量变化情况,根据储层有效应力与渗流特性的关系,建立有效应力-渗流数值模型。通过日产水量分析流固耦合作用下储层的产量变化规律,并结合变异系数法分析注入压力、初始渗透率和井间距对产量的影响。研究表明：考虑流固耦合作用下的储层产量会更快进入稳定状态,产量更高;应力敏感性系数越大,有效应力减小对地层渗透率影响越明显。注入压力越大,地层有效应力减小区域下降幅度增大,使地层渗透率增大区域升高幅度增大,导致产量逐渐增多;流固耦合作用下产量随着初始渗透率增大而增多且增长速度较快;流固耦合作用下,随着井间距的增大,注采井间有效应力减小的影响减弱,注采井间渗透率增大趋势也在下降,导致产量逐渐降低。结合各因素变异系数变化可得,注入压力对产量效果影响更明显。本研究有助于建立完整的砂岩铀矿地浸采铀生产方案。     

Scattering of phonons by vacancies

The scattering of phonons by vacancies is estimated by a perturbation technique in terms of the missing mass and the missing linkages. An argument is given why distortion effects can be disregarded. The resonance frequency of the defect is sufficiently high so that resonance effects can be disregarded for phonons in the important frequency range for thermal conduction. The theory is applied to the thermal resistance by vacancies in cases where the vacancy concentration is known: potassium chloride with divalent cations, nonstoichiometric zirconium carbide, and tin telluride.     

Synthesis of TiO2 nanopellet by TiCl4 as a precursor for degradation of RhodamineB

In the present investigation in order to promote TiO₂ pellet structure and its photocatalytic activity, two new precursors were synthesized in the powder and sol forms, using sol–gel method with precipitation of TiCl₄. Since TiO₂ pellets are normally synthesized by the commercial TiO₂ powder (DegussaP25), in this investigation and in the first step a new synthesized TiO₂ powder was produced and compared with DegussaP25. Subsequently, two types of pellet were made by the new synthesized powder and titania sol. The characterization of the synthesized TiO₂ powder and pellet were performed by XRD, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The result showed that by the new procedure utilized here, without using any additive not only the surface area of the produced TiO₂ powder has been increased, but also the crystalline phase is completely in the anatase form. It was also found that the synthesized pellets by the sol precursor had better morphological structure than the synthesized pellets by theTiO₂ powder (either DegussaP25 or new synthesized powder). Ultimately, in order to evaluate photocatalytic activity of TiO₂ powders and pellet, degradation of RhodamineB was tested.     

Psychological Stress Exacerbates Inflammation of the Ileum via the Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone-Mast Cell Axis in a Mouse Model of Eosinophilic Enteritis

The effects of psychological stress on eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders have not been elucidated. This study investigated the effects of psychological stress in a mouse model of eosinophilic enteritis (EoN). BALB/c mice were treated with ovalbumin (OVA) to create an EoN model and subjected to either water avoidance stress (WAS) or sham stress (SS). Microscopic inflammation, eosinophil and mast cell counts, mRNA expression, and protein levels of type 2 helper T cell (Th2) cytokines in the ileum were compared between groups. We evaluated ex vivo intestinal permeability using an Ussing chamber. A corticotropin-releasing hormone type 1 receptor (CRH-R1) antagonist was administered before WAS, and its effects were analyzed. WAS significantly increased diarrhea occurrence and, eosinophil and mast cell counts, and decreased the villus/crypt ratio compared to those in the SS group. The mRNA expression of CRH, interleukin IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, eotaxin-1, and mast cell tryptase β2 significantly increased, and the protein levels of IL-5, IL-13, and OVA-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) also significantly increased in the WAS group. Moreover, WAS significantly increased the intestinal permeability. The CRH-R1 antagonist significantly inhibited all changes induced by WAS. Psychological stress exacerbated ileal inflammation via the CRH-mast cell axis in an EoN mouse model.     

强电场作用下早龄期混凝土的氯离子迁移特征

电化学除氯技术能有效降低混凝土结构中的有害氯离子,降低混凝土结构失效风险。采用强电场方式对混凝土结构进行电化学除氯,并在不同的早龄期时间介入40、80、120 min的强电场作用,测试了内部氯离子含量变化和分布特征,并对通电后养护28 d试件进行回弹强度试验。研究结果表明：早龄期介入强电场作用能显著提高除氯效率,达到相同除氯效果时的作业时间约为传统电化学方法的1/300;氯离子分布特征表明,自由氯离子分布较传统电化学参数作用时更均匀,结合氯离子仍然存在保护层中间堆积现象;强电场作用后进行标准养护,回弹测试结果表明,强电场对混凝土的保护层宏观强度无明显影响。     

测试条件对聚氯乙烯树脂稀溶液粘数的影响

聚氯乙烯树脂稀溶液粘数是聚氯乙烯树脂的一项重要指标,它的高低决定着产品的不同用途。本实验测试了几种不同测试条件如测试温度、黏度计毛细管直径、溶剂浓度等对聚氯乙烯树脂稀溶液粘数结果所产生的影响,通过实验数据的理论分析和计算,对原因进行了具体的分析。这些分析结果的获得对提高粘数分析的准确性,对于指导实际生产,规范检验操作,修订检验标准都有着重要的意义。     

油水两相非达西试井分析新进展及其展望

简述了低渗透油藏、油水两相低渗透油藏非达西试井分析研究的新进展。提出对低渗透油藏应建立公认的非达西渗流数学模型,准则数、数值试井模型及分析方法,指出低渗透油藏是否存在非达西渗流,除加强渗流特征的影响因素、渗流形成机理的研究之外,还要从实验上能够模拟代表真实的现场条件的体现度。     

降水防砂复合材料的研究与应用

针对大港油田疏松砂岩区块含水上升快、出砂加剧,常规防砂工艺技术无法解决既防砂又能有效降水的问题,研制出了一种自身可固结的颗粒型降水防砂复合材料（粒径0.3～0.5,0.5～0.7和0.7～1.4 mm）。采用正交试验进行了材料配方优选,并对优选出的材料进行了固化温度和固化时间对人工岩心固结强度和渗流能力的影响评价、耐酸碱介质性能评价和岩心稳定性评价。结果表明:该系列降水防砂复合材料适用于井温30～80 ℃的油井,人工岩心抗压强度大于3 MPa,液相渗透率0.3～0.8 μm2（根据粒径可以调节）。该降水防砂复合材料在大港油田成功实施了16井次,防砂施工成功率100%,防砂有效率93.8%,平均降水率达14.7%,取得了较好的降水防砂效果。      

裂缝转向对低渗地层水平井压裂的影响

水力裂缝转向作为压裂过程中的一种重要现象,可造成近井筒裂缝的弯曲,对于裂缝中支撑剂的传输和流体的流动规律具有很大影响,可最终影响水力压裂的成败和人工裂缝的导流能力。统计了长庆油田水平井压裂施工的部分资料,分析了长庆油田水平井压裂的特点。结合二维裂缝的平面应变模型,建立了裂缝转向的曲率半径与地层物性参数和压裂施工参数的关系,并针对性地分析了不同参数对于裂缝曲率半径的影响。结果表明,水平应力差对裂缝的转向距离有决定性的影响,压裂施工排量对水力裂缝高度的增长贡献显著,控制排量、延长注液时间能有效增加裂缝长度。结论对于压裂参数优化设计和水力压裂施工具有参考意义。