激光诱导击穿光谱技术研究的新进展

激光诱导击穿光谱技术（LIBS）是一种基于原子发射光谱学的物质组分分析技术。随着激光技术和光学检测技术的发展,激光诱导击穿光谱技术已经成为光谱学领域的研究热点。尤其是近几年,LIBS技术发展迅速,涌现出多种LIBS的激发和探测新技术。在光谱激发方面,出现了如飞秒激光及飞秒激光大气中长距离成丝诱导击穿光谱技术,双脉冲激光诱导击穿光谱技术等。在光谱探测方面,出现了时间分辨激光诱导击穿光谱技术,偏振分辨激光诱导击穿光谱技术等。本文将对这几种LIBS中所出现的新技术进行介绍并给出LIBS技术的发展趋势。     

运载火箭火工品分离装置电磁发射测量与分析

运载火箭反推火箭、发动机、起爆器等含火工品在工作过程中,会在空间及线缆中产生瞬态电磁干扰,会威胁 箭上设备的正常工作。国内外对火工品所产生的电磁发射特性有相关研究,但对于运载火箭各火工品分离装置所产生的 电磁发射频谱特性开展相关测量研究相对较少。本文对某运载火箭分离装置工作过程中所产生的电磁辐射特性进行了测 量与分析,发现分离装置工作所产生的电磁干扰主要来自其起爆器点火,而不是其喷射火焰。     

碳纳米管的场发射特性研究

主要探讨碳纳米管场发射特性的理论,希望能将碳纳米管所拥有的绝佳场发射结果应用在场发射显示器与其他电子元件上。本文首先对碳纳米管的场发射特性进行了理论分析与应用价值的讨论,由分析可以看出,碳纳米管的场发射特性是会受到彼此间屏蔽效应的影响的。最后,本文分析归纳出与碳纳米管场发射特性相关的各种因素,这对日后研究碳纳米管在场发射显示器上的应用会有不错的帮助。     

互联网数据中心节能减排评估研究

随着互联网数据中心（IDC）的快速建设,其能源消耗也快速增长。对IDC进行合理的能效评估,可以指导IDC合理使用能源。除了对IDC使用阶段的能效进行评估,还应对其进行全生命周期的能源消耗和碳排放评估。     

多脉冲飞秒激光烧蚀金属箔的热电子发射数值分析

通过双温模型(TTM)结合Richardson-Dushman方程对多脉冲飞秒激光烧蚀铜箔的热电子发射以及温度场进行了数值模拟。在模拟的过程中充分考虑了随着飞秒激光脉冲个数的改变,铜箔对飞秒激光的反射率、表面吸收率和表面吸收系数的变化等因素,部分改写了飞秒激光光源项,从而实现了多脉冲飞秒激光烧蚀铜箔的热电子发射和温度场的动态数值模拟。数值模拟发现,随着脉冲个数的增加和脉冲间隔的减小,铜箔表面的反射率和表面吸收系数将明显减小,表面吸收率将明显增大,这一变化对铜箔的电子发射以及多脉冲飞秒激光照射下铜箔的温度场具有重要影响;而随着距铜箔表面深度的增加,这些影响将逐渐减小。     

基于SIwave的设备级辐射发射仿真分析

针对自制红外报警设备的近场辐射发射特性问题,提出了利用SIwave-Designer-HFSS三种模块对该设备的电源PCB、报警器PCB、机箱外壳三部分模型进行场路协同仿真的分析方法,并通过PCB板近场分布及观测点处场强的仿真与实测结果对比证实了该方法的可行性。基于SIwave的设备级辐射发射协同仿真方法是一种通用方法,适用于包含多块PCB及外壳的电子设备辐射发射特性的仿真分析。     

Achieving High‐Performance Nondoped OLEDs with Extremely Small Efficiency Roll‐Off by Combining Aggregation‐Induced Emission and Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence

Luminescent materials with thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) can harvest singlet and triplet excitons to afford high electroluminescence (EL) efficiencies for organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, TADF emitters generally have to be dispersed into host matrices to suppress emission quenching and/or exciton annihilation, and most doped OLEDs of TADF emitters encounter a thorny problem of swift efficiency roll‐off as luminance increases. To address this issue, in this study, a new tailor‐made luminogen (dibenzothiophene‐benzoyl‐9,9‐dimethyl‐9,10‐dihydroacridine, DBT‐BZ‐DMAC) with an unsymmetrical structure is synthesized and investigated by crystallography, theoretical calculation, spectroscopies, etc. It shows aggregation‐induced emission, prominent TADF, and interesting mechanoluminescence property. Doped OLEDs of DBT‐BZ‐DMAC show high peak current and external quantum efficiencies of up to 51.7 cd A^?1 and 17.9%, respectively, but the efficiency roll‐off is large at high luminance. High‐performance nondoped OLED is also achieved with neat film of DBT‐BZ‐DMAC, providing excellent maxima EL efficiencies of 43.3 cd A^?1 and 14.2%, negligible current efficiency roll‐off of 0.46%, and external quantum efficiency roll‐off approaching null from peak values to those at 1000 cd m^?2. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is one of the most efficient nondoped TADF OLEDs with small efficiency roll‐off reported so far.     

利用静电学和测量数据对碳纳米管膜场致发射规律的定量分析

碳纳米管膜的场致发射电流密度仅由它表面的宏观电场决定，无论其表面形状是平的还是半球状的。对于理想的平行板电极系统，其表面电场强度均匀（UId），发射电流密度、总电流与发射面积成正比：对于半球一平面电极系统半球形的阴极存在一个宏观场增强因子ks，一个与两极距离和球半径之比（d/r）相关的函数，其表面的平均场强为ks U/d。对于d/r=0，ks=1，d≥r的情况，ks接近于常数。对于10〈d／r〈100的情况，存在一个经验的表达式：ks=1＋0．15d/s=0．005（d／r）^2。在引入ks后，不同作者给出的平面电极系统和半球一平面电极系统碳纳米管膜的场致发射电流I与宏观表面电场强度E的关系都可以近似用-经验公式描述：I=a（E-Eo）^b，a，b为常数。该经验公式可为稳定生产的CNT膜片应用产品设计提供方便。     

铁电材料用于阴极发射的研究

铁电材料作为一种新型的阴极材料，具有真空要求低、制作简单、功函数低、响应速度快等特点。本文讨论了铁电阴极发射的机理，回顾了主要铁电阴极材料的发射实验，包括低电压铁电发射实验，最后对铁电阴极材料的应用做了讨论和展望。     

A NIR-II AIEgen-Based Supramolecular Nanodot for Peroxynitrite-Potentiated Mild-Temperature Photothermal Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Compared to conventional photothermal therapy (PTT) which requires hyperthermia higher than 50 °C, mild-temperature PTT is a more promising antitumor strategy with much lower phototoxicity to neighboring normal tissues. However, the therapeutic efficacy of mild-temperature PTT is always restricted by the thermoresistance of cancer cells. To address this issue, a supramolecular drug nanocarrier is fabricated to co-deliver nitric oxide (NO) and photothermal agent DCTBT with NIR-II aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristic for mild-temperature PTT. NO can be effectively released from the nanocarriers in intracellular reductive environment and DCTBT is capable of simultaneously producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hyperthermia upon 808 nm laser irradiation. The generated ROS can further react with NO to produce peroxynitrite (ONOOˉ) bearing strong oxidization and nitration capability. ONOOˉ can inhibit the expression of heat shock proteins (HSP) to reduce the thermoresistance of cancer cells, which is necessary to achieve excellent therapeutic efficacy of DCTBT-based PTT at mild temperature (<50 °C). The antitumor performance of ONOOˉ-potentiated mild-temperature PTT is validated on subcutaneous and orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) models. This research puts forward an innovative strategy to overcome thermoresistance for mild-temperature PTT, which provides new inspirations to explore ONOOˉ-sensitized tumor therapy strategies.