Challenges in Metabolomics-Based Tests,Biomarkers Revealed by Metabolomic Analysis,and the Promise of the Application of Metabolomics in Precision Medicine

Metabolomics helps identify metabolites to characterize/refine perturbations of biological pathways in living organisms. Pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical limitations that have hampered a wide implementation of metabolomics have been addressed. Several potential biomarkers originating from current targeted metabolomics-based approaches have been discovered. Precision medicine argues for algorithms to classify individuals based on susceptibility to disease, and/or by response to specific treatments. It also argues for a prevention-based health system. Because of its ability to explore gene–environment interactions, metabolomics is expected to be critical to personalize diagnosis and treatment. Stringent guidelines have been applied from the very beginning to design studies to acquire the information currently employed in precision medicine and precision prevention approaches. Large, prospective, expensive and time-consuming studies are now mandatory to validate old, and discover new, metabolomics-based biomarkers with high chances of translation into precision medicine. Metabolites from studies on saliva, sweat, breath, semen, feces, amniotic, cerebrospinal, and broncho-alveolar fluid are predicted to be needed to refine information from plasma and serum metabolome. In addition, a multi-omics data analysis system is predicted to be needed for omics-based precision medicine approaches. Omics-based approaches for the progress of precision medicine and prevention are expected to raise ethical issues.     

超、高超声速大长细比飞行器气动特性快速计算

将牛顿碰撞类方法推广应用于超、高超声速细长体导弹的气动特性预测.根据飞行器的外形特征,将外形分成几个部分,根据各自几何特点和流场特性,对不同部分及其迎风面和背风面选用不同的方法,计算方法适用于Ma=3~25、攻角0~30°范围内大长细比导弹类飞行器的气动力特性快速计算.经过与风洞试验数据的对比,证明此方法具有计算速度快、精度高的特点.     

汽车产品开发体系研究

汽车已经成为现代物质文明的一种象征和人类生活中不可缺少的部分，而汽车在一个国家的普及程度，也成为衡量其工业化的重要标志．本文论述了国内外汽车产品发展状况和汽车产品的开发体系．     

低合金钢靶板受尖头弹冲击的变形与断裂

研究了低合金钢板在尖头弹冲击条件下的侵彻过程,讨论了应力条件和材料冶金质量对损伤和断裂的影响。结果表明,在侵彻过程前期靶材主要表现为三向压应力下的塑性流动;中期,靶材挤压流动,靶材内部的流速差造成剪切变形,并导致沿轧制偏析带的开裂;后期,靶材在剧烈剪切作用下剪切变形、局部失稳、形成剪切带和沿剪切带的开裂或撕裂。断裂按微孔聚集型机制进行。通常所谓花瓣型开裂实质上就是上述在切应力作用下的剪切撕裂。     

鲜红斑痣光动力治疗数学模型及临床验证

为了研究光动力治疗(PDT)中各个因素作用的规律,帮助临床采取有效的治疗方案,针对鲜红斑痣(PWS)组织特性,将光动力治疗中组织光分布、单线态氧产生、光敏剂漂白过程和光敏剂扩散过程结合起来,建立适合于光动力治疗鲜红斑痣病变的系统模型。利用建立的模型,对临床中出现的第二光斑治疗效果差的问题进行仿真研究,发现影响其治疗效果的因素,并通过仿真实验提出改进其治疗效果的新方案。通过临床实验,证明了新方案的有效性和模型的有效性。研究结果说明,针对特定的病例条件建立仿真模型,通过仿真实验可以为临床和理论研究提供一种有效的分析方法。     

基于分段信噪比加权的GPS定位方法

在基于GPS的飞行器定位中,GPS卫星的情况与地面不同,传统的GPS选星算法有局限性.为了实现飞行器快速、可靠的定位,提出了一种新的基于分段信噪比加权的GPS定位方法.实验表明,相对传统选星算法,本方法的定位稳定性更好、精度更高、计算时间较短,能够满足飞行器快速、可靠定位的要求.     

Liver Steatosis: A Marker of Metabolic Risk in Children

Obesity is one of the greatest health challenges affecting children of all ages and ethnicities. Almost 19% of children and adolescents worldwide are overweight or obese, with an upward trend in the last decades. These reports imply an increased risk of fat accumulation in hepatic cells leading to a series of histological hepatic damages gathered under the acronym NAFLD (Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease). Due to the complex dynamics underlying this condition, it has been recently renamed as ‘Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD)’, supporting the hypothesis that hepatic steatosis is a key component of the large group of clinical and laboratory abnormalities of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). This review aims to share the latest scientific knowledge on MAFLD in children in an attempt to offer novel insights into the complex dynamics underlying this condition, focusing on the novel molecular aspects. Although there is still no treatment with a proven efficacy for this condition, starting from the molecular basis of the disease, MAFLD’s therapeutic landscape is rapidly expanding, and different medications seem to act as modifiers of liver steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis.     

煤矿采矿工程中的采矿工艺与技术

阐述了煤矿采矿工程的特点,分析了目前常用的采矿工艺与技术,主要包括充填采矿工艺、空场采矿工艺、煤与瓦斯联合开采技术,并对智能化采矿技术的发展做了简要分析.     

食品包装与环境

介绍了食品包装的类型和特点,分析了当前食品包装的生产、使用对环境所造成的影响,并提出了食品包装与环境协调发展的几点建议。