MnO_(x/γ)-Al_2O_3催化加氢合成3,5-二甲氧基苯甲醛

α将3,5-二羟基苯甲酸与硫酸二甲酯在碱性条件下反应生成3,5-二甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯,然后在高压下以MnOx/y-Al2O3为催化剂催化加氢得到3,5-二甲氧基苯甲醛。总收率81.7％。催化剂采用共沉淀法制备,Mn载量wMn=15.3％。     

Ni2P/Fe-HAP催化剂的表征及其苯酚加氢表面作用机理

以低品级羟基磷灰石(HAP)为原料,通过离子交换法合成载体Fe-HAP,然后用浸渍法制备出负载型Ni_2P/HAP和Ni_2P/Fe-HAP催化剂。通过BET、SEM、XRD、FTIR和TG等手段对催化剂进行了表征。Fe~(3+)的引入极大地提高了载体的比表面积,Ni_2P分散在Fe-HAP表面,热稳定性较好。以苯酚加氢制备环己酮为反应体系,在反应温度为150℃、压力为0.5 MPa、时间为3.5 h的条件下,对比了Ni_2P/HAP和Ni_2P/Fe-HAP催化剂的催化性能。结果发现,Ni_2P/Fe-HAP催化剂对苯酚的转化率为65.73%,环己酮选择性为85.47%,催化性能相对良好。     

对映选择性氢化法合成苯甘氨酸甲酯

以α 肟基苯乙酸甲酯为原料,硫酸奎宁为修饰剂,通过Pd/C催化氢化合成苯甘氨酸甲酯。考察了反应温度、溶剂、修饰剂的量对对映选择性的影响。最佳反应条件:25～28℃、乙醇为溶剂、氢气压力101 325kPa、n(修饰剂)∶n(底物)=1∶10,苯甘氨酸甲酯的光学产率达51 3%。     

Activation of Ni/A12O3 catalysts through modification of the Al2O3 support

The effect of alumina pretreatment on the performance of alumina supported nickel catalysts was demonstrated in gas phase hydrogenation of toluene to methylcyclohexane. The state of the alumina was changed from pure to pure phase through various heat treatments in air. The catalysts were prepared from vapor phase by saturating the accessible binding sites on the pretreated alumina with the nickel precursor. The highest number of active sites for hydrogenation was observed for catalysts prepared on alumina having an incomplete phase transition and a / alumina phase ratio between 0.5 and 10. Results from temperature programmed desorption (TPD) studies revealed that a maximum in weakly chemisorbed hydrogen as well as in total amount of desorbed hydrogen was found for the same catalysts. By hydrogen chemisorption studies the total hydrogen uptake was found to correlate with the observed hydrogenation maximum. It is suggested that both the chemical and physical properties of the alumina influence the activity. An optimal metal-support interaction and structural defects on the alumina due to the phase transition can explain the observed maximum in the number of active sites and in hydrogen uptake.     

Acetylene Hydrogenation on Au-Based Catalysts

Hydrogenation of acetylene has been investigated on Au/TiO₂, Pd/TiO₂ and Au-Pd/TiO₂ catalysts at high acetylene conversion levels. The Au/TiO₂ catalyst (avg. particle size: 4.6 nm) synthesized by the temperature-programmed reduction-oxidation of an Au-phosphine complex on TiO₂ showed a remarkably high selectivity to ethylene formation even at 100% acetylene conversion. Au/TiO₂ prepared by the conventional incipient wet impregnation method (avg. particle size: 30 nm), on the other hand, showed negligible activity for acetylene hydrogenation. Although the Au catalysts showed a high selectivity for ethylene, the acetylene conversion activity and catalyst stability were inferior to the Pd-based catalysts. Au-Pd catalysts prepared by the redox method showed high acetylene conversions as well as high selectivity for ethylene. Interestingly Au-Pd catalysts prepared by depositing Pd via the incipient wetness method on Au/TiO₂ showed very poor selectivity (comparable to mono-metallic Pd catalysts) for ethylene. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) showed that while the redox method produced bimetallic Au-Pd catalysts, the latter method produced individual Pd and Au particles on the support.     

Organo-zincate molten salts as immobilising agents for organometallic catalysis

The combination of 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride with ZnCl₂ affords ionic mixtures with different melting point temperatures depending on the zinc molar fraction. RuCl₂(PPh₃)₃ immobilised in the low melting mixture (60°C) promotes the 1-hexene hydrogenation (turnover frequencies up to 44 min^–1) and the recovered solid catalyst phase can be reused several times.     

苯胺加氢制环己胺与二环己胺催化剂进展

综述了国内外苯胺加氢制环己胺与二环己胺催化剂的进展，按活性组分分别对钴系，钌系，镍系，钯系苯胺加氢催化剂研究现状进行叙述，并提出了今后的研究方向。     

催化加氢制备3,4-亚甲二氧基苯胺

3,4 亚甲二氧基硝基苯在95%乙醇溶剂中用雷尼镍催化加氢制备了3,4 亚甲二氧基苯胺。对催化剂用量和活性稳定性进行了研究,讨论了溶剂用量、温度、压力等因素对加氢反应的影响。结果表明最佳工艺参数为:雷尼镍∶乙醇∶3,4 亚甲二氧基硝基苯=0.15∶6∶1(质量比),反应温度40℃,氢压0.45～0.50MPa,搅拌速度450r/min,反应至不再吸氢为止,产品收率在97%以上,纯度为98%。     

Structural characterization of 1,2-polybutadiene by 13C-n.m.r. spectroscopy: 2. Sequence distribution of 1,2-unit in hydrogenated polybutadienes

The configurational sequences of 1,2-unit in a series of hydrogenated syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadienes were determined in relation to the sequence distribution of 1,2- and 1,4-units on the basis of the ¹³C-n.m.r. signal assignment of the methyl carbons. The observed triad distributions of 1,2- and 1,4-units and configurational distributions of the 1,2-unit are in good agreement with the calculated distributions from transition probabilities. The number average sequence lengths of the 1,2-unit and the 1,2-unit in the racemic addition are 5.7 to 8.0 and 4.1 to 5.4, respectively. From the extrapolation of the plot of the number average sequence length against the crystallinity of the starting 1,2-polybutadienes, the minimum sequence length for crystallization is estimated to be 3.7 for the 1,2-unit in the racemic addition.     

磁性催化剂的研究进展

磁性催化剂具有磁响应特征,可利用外磁场将其分离和回收,其应用克服了传统催化剂在分离与回收过程中能耗高、质量损失大等问题,降低了反应成本。因此,对磁性催化剂的研究具有现实意义。重点阐述了磁性催化剂的合成及其在氧化反应、加氢反应、偶合反应等领域的应用研究进展,并对磁性催化剂的发展趋势进行了展望。