加芯搅拌桩芯桩定位限垂技术的研发与应用

为控制水泥土加芯搅拌桩的芯桩贯入质量,研发了一种基于芯桩定位导向架的定位限垂挑臂装置,并通过采用不同材质、不同尺寸的方法,反复摸索、实施,分析得出了芯桩定位导向架的定位限垂挑臂装置的最优方案。同时,通过运用数据比对、图表说明的方法,有效验证了加芯搅拌桩芯桩定位限垂挑臂装置对于现场施工的重要作用。在新疆地区23450 根加芯搅拌桩工程中进行首次应用,实践表明研发的定位限垂技术可有效控制芯桩贯入的定位和垂直度,提高施工效率。该定位限垂技术经济效益良好,可为今后新疆地区特殊软基处理以及加芯搅拌桩施工提供参考价值。     

铝合金凝固过程的声发射及氢气析出过程

采用声发射测试技术,对Al-Si和Al-Cu系合金凝固过程进行监测,证实合金在凝固过程中存在声发射现象,表现为两个声发射信号计数率峰,两个峰的总计数都随着合金中气体含量增加而增高。本文对Al-Si,Al-Cu合金系产生声发射现象的机理进行了探讨,同时,借助其它实验手段证实了声发射信号与合金凝固中气体析出有很好的对应性。第一个计数率峰与气泡在枝晶臂间形核相吻合。第二个计数率峰与凝固末期的枝晶间拉裂现象相对应,可能是氢在枝晶间析出和聚集产生高压氢导致的拉裂。     

确定电磁超声换能器钢管检测最佳磁化强度的试验研究

由于电磁超声换能器检测钢管缺陷时,其磁场强度影响超声波幅值,进而影响检测灵敏度。为此设计了确定最佳磁化强度的试验方案,通过试验得到超声波幅值随电磁场激励电流的变化曲线。确定了最佳磁化强度时的激励电流。     

用于气体保护焊的自动混气设备

介绍了一种用于焊接现场的气体保护焊的自动混气设备，该设备能精确控制气体混合比例。设备主要由气体传输、气体混合、信号检测和电气控制几大部分组成。计算机适时采集、显示混合气体的混合比例、输出压力、气体湿度等信息，超限发出声光报警。混气设备通过气体分析仪、比例阀和计算机形成闭环控制，从而实现气体混合比例的精确控制。     

环形截面提升管内颗粒的运动行为

采用PDPA(phase Doppler particle analyzer system)及磷光颗粒示踪技术对环形截面提升管中颗粒的运动行为进行了研究。与传统提升管相比，环形截面提升管中颗粒速度分布的均匀性有所改善，其最高速度与最低速度之差变小。环形截面提升管最大速度值出现在相对径向位置φ=0.3-0．4处。与传统提升管相似，环形截面提升管内颗粒的轴向返混较严重，停留时间分布曲线存在较明显的拖尾，其中颗粒的轴向Peclet数与传统提升管也处于同一数量级范围。提升管床结构的改变并未显著改变其中气固流动的微观相结构，稀相与密相颗粒团微观两相仍然存在，这种微观相结构是造成颗粒严重返混的决定性原因：稀相中的颗粒与密相颗粒团中的颗粒分别造成了颗粒停留时间分布曲线的前峰与拖尾峰。     

Determination of the solubility parameter of poly(ethylene oxide) at 25°C by gas-liquid chromatography

The solubility parameter of poly(ethylene oxide) at 25°C has been determined using the method developed by DiPaola-Baranyi and Guillet, by the extrapolation of the values of the interaction parameter χ, at high temperatures, ranging from 70°–90°, 90°–110° and 110°–130°C down to 25°C. The values of the solubility parameter obtained, depending on the temperature ranges employed, are 9.8, 9.9 and 10.1, respectively.     

Factors Influencing Movements of Two Migratory Fishes within the Tailrace of a Large Neotropical Dam and their Implications for Hydropower Impacts

Fish attempting to move upstream through hydroelectric dams can be trapped and killed in turbines. Understanding fish movement patterns can provide useful insights for how to manage dam operations to minimize fish kill in turbines. We evaluated the movements of two migratory fish (Curimba—Prochilodus argenteus and Mandi—Pimelodus maculatus ) using acoustic telemetry in the tailrace of Três Marias Dam (São Francisco River, Brazil) from 31 October 2011 to 16 February 2012. The majority of tagged fish left the tailrace in less than one week; however, some individuals returned, performing several visits to the tailrace. Mandi remained longer in the tailrace than Curimba. The number of visits was influenced by diel period, turbine and spillway discharge. Although the diel period was the only important contributor to the visits performed by Curimba, the movements of Mandi were significantly influenced by three factors. We found that whereas Curimba was predominantly diurnal, Mandi showed nocturnal habits. Additionally, visits of Mandi were significantly greater during higher turbine and spillway discharge. We discuss the implications of these results for understanding fish movements in the Três Marias Dam tailrace and their potential implications for adapting hydroelectric operations to minimize fish kills. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Dis-Bond Detection and the Possibility of Interfacial Stiffness Measurement with Real-Time Impulsive Stimulated Thermal Scattering

We describe a new, real-time, noninvasive method for dis-bond (delamination) detection which is based on a technique known as impulsive stimulated thermal scattering (ISTS). We first explain the ISTS technique and compare data from polyimide films tightly bound to silicon substrates with data from unsupported polyimide films. The observed differences in the data from these two cases are readily understandable and offer an unmistakable signature for delaminations. We demonstrate ISTS dis-bond detection by locating and mapping out randomly-distributed and spatially-fine regions of delamination in a polyimide film-silicon substrate system. Finally, we present two simple physical models of the interfacial region which comprehensively describe acoustic data from the tightly-bound and the unsupported samples. With insight from simulations using these models, we suggest how ISTS might be used to determine interfacial adhesion quality and we show how ISTS sensitivity to interfacial effects can be adjusted.     

充油S-SBR加工行为的研究

在中试装置上合成相对分子质量分布较宽的充油S-SBR，考察不同环烷油和芳烃油填充量的充油S-SBR的流变性能和混炼行为。结果表明，增大油的填充量能提高充油S-SBR的流动性能，充芳烃油S-SBR相对于充环烷油的S-SBR对温度更敏感，宽相对分子质量分布的充环烷油S-SBR的混炼性能优于S-SBR1204及E-SBRl778，竟相对分子质量分布的充芳烃油S-SBR的混炼性能优于S-SBR1204，Solprene380和E-SBR1712。     

均匀橡胶弹性体隔声量的理论计算

由于材料在水声介质中的隔声性能的测试方法和测试设备较复杂，目前还没有在水声介质中的隔声量的标准测试方法。笔者从理论上研究了材料在水声介质中的隔声性能(隔声量)的计算方法，利用该方法计算了所合成的材料在不同厚度下的隔声量。计算结果表明：随着厚度的增加，材料的隔声量增加，但在低频下，当厚度增加到40mm以后，隔声量随厚度的增加而变化得很缓慢，在低频下不符合厚度每增加一倍，隔声量增加6dB这一规律。