OPCM AE传感器特性的理论仿真与实验研究

基于均匀场和细观力学理论,对应用于结构损伤声发射(AE)检测的1-1型压电复合材料(OPCM)AE传感器,建立了它的等效力电模型,在此基础上,推出了其等效力、电参数,通过这些参数的对比,发现OPCM具有明显的正交异性的特性;同时,应用有限元仿真计算,得到了在x和z两方向上传感器受到单向应力波荷载作用时,电极面输出的电压存在明显差异;所设计的实验表明:OPCM能够区分出不同方向的应力波,并对特殊方向上的应力波具有强烈的响应,再次证实了OPCM传感器的正交异性特性。     

基于临界频带的子带滤波语音增强

根据人耳的听觉感知特性,提出了一种基于子带滤波的优化语音增强方法。基于临界频带设计滤波器将输入信号分成若干子带,依据估计出的每个子带的短时信噪比来对相应子带的时域信号逐帧进行独立的自适应处理后再合成。语音增强性能评估结果表明,有效地去除背景噪声的同时还抑制了音乐噪声,减少了语音的听觉失真,提高了增强语音的可懂度。     

基于Chirp信号跳频调制的超宽带通信系统设计

目前在超宽带通信系统中,普遍采用的脉冲波形是高斯脉冲波形。用Chirp信号来代替高斯脉冲信号,由于正向和反向线性调频脉冲具有良好的自相关性以及Chirp信号可以用声表面波器件实现,具有系统易于实现,功耗低,复杂度低等特点,同时,跳频通信比较隐蔽难以被截获,具有良好的抗干扰能力。     

风对声定位的影响及其修正

文中针对被动声定位时风速的影响,分别对等效传播距离、风速和风向对声程差的影响、风对定角的影响及其修正开展了理论建模和仿真研究,仿真结果表明,采用修正后,5级风力下的定向精度影响小于0.3°.     

水声定位基站分布及目标高度对精度的影响

为解决某些水声物体在运动中瞬时空间位置的测定问题,提出了利用靶船布阵并通过测定冲击波掠过各阵元的时差确定瞬时位置的方法。提出了一种利用时差进行水声目标定位的算法,对所提出的算法模型进行了计算机仿真,仿真结果证明了该算法的正确性及实用性。     

一种基于水声通信网络的实时路由协议

水声通信网络的传输特点使得实现实时传输的路由协议非常困难。在SPEED协议的基础上综合考虑了节点的能量消耗,提出了一个适用于水下通信网络的实时路由协议。该协议在实现实时传输的基础上,通过能量感知功能来延长网络的生存期。通过仿真论证,结果表明所提出的实时路由协议在水声通信网络中具有很好的性能。     

三维编织复合材料声发射源定位分析研究

采用声发射检测技术,基于声发射波的传播特性和最小二乘法理论确立了三维编织复合材料性能分析和内部缺陷的定位方法.通过实验对比了工业CT扫描和声发射检测两种方式确定损伤源位置的差异,表明声发射源定位具有一定的准确性.     

电动汽车用驱动电机电磁噪声仿真方法研究

电动汽车的噪声、振动和声振粗糙度(NVH)与燃油车有较大的不同,尤其是电机的高频电磁噪声,很容易引起消费者的投诉。文章对电磁激励、结构的仿真及试验模态等进行了分析和研究,并在此基础上,计算了电机系统阶次的等效声功率,为纯电驱动电机的噪声分析及解决提供了指导。     

Quantitative analysis of harmonic convergence in mosquito auditory interactions

This article analyses the hearing and behaviour of mosquitoes in the context of inter-individual acoustic interactions. The acoustic interactions of tethered live pairs of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, from same and opposite sex mosquitoes of the species, are recorded on independent and unique audio channels, together with the response of tethered individual mosquitoes to playbacks of pre-recorded flight tones of lone or paired individuals. A time-dependent representation of each mosquito''s non-stationary wing beat frequency signature is constructed, based on Hilbert spectral analysis. A range of algorithmic tools is developed to automatically analyse these data, and used to perform a robust quantitative identification of the ‘harmonic convergence’ phenomenon. The results suggest that harmonic convergence is an active phenomenon, which does not occur by chance. It occurs for live pairs, as well as for lone individuals responding to playback recordings, whether from the same or opposite sex. Male–female behaviour is dominated by frequency convergence at a wider range of harmonic combinations than previously reported, and requires participation from both partners in the duet. New evidence is found to show that male–male interactions are more varied than strict frequency avoidance. Rather, they can be divided into two groups: convergent pairs, typified by tightly bound wing beat frequencies, and divergent pairs, that remain widely spaced in the frequency domain. Overall, the results reveal that mosquito acoustic interaction is a delicate and intricate time-dependent active process that involves both individuals, takes place at many different frequencies, and which merits further enquiry.