果蔬罐头高压杀菌研究

通过对不同压力，时间等参数及包装材料的选择，探讨果蔬罐头高压杀菌替代热力杀菌的可能性，研究结果表明，用６００ＭＰａ杀菌的绿豆芽和糖水梨罐头可达到商业无菌，能长期贮存，感官指标明显优于热力杀菌罐头。     

Effects of freshness on ATP-related compounds in retorted chub mackerel Scomber japonicus

To examine the usefulness of measurement of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-related compounds for estimation of the quality of canned and/or retorted fishes, we investigated the ATP-related compounds, in sashimi (for raw-eating)-grade and for-cooking-grade chub mackerel Scomber japonicus before and after retort process (121 °C for 30 min) by HPLC method. By the deterioration (storage time) and retort process, inosine monophosphate (IMP), an umami-taste compound, was decreased and inosine (HxR), hypoxantine (Hx) and the K-value, an index of fish freshness defined as the ratio of the sum of HxR and Hx to the sum of ATP-related compounds, were increased. By the retorting, the K-values of sashimi-grade, for-cooking-grade and unacceptable-grade meats were increased from 9.9%, 26.6% and 70% to 36%, 46% and 81%, respectively. These results suggest that the measurement of ATP-related compounds in retorted fish products may estimate the freshness in raw materials, the product quality and/or the good manufacture practices.     

低盐酱菜脆度保持的研究

低盐酱萝卜软包装热力杀菌后，对其脆度的保持性进行了研究。试验表明：在酱汁中添加0．10％CaCl2，可以保持产品固有的组织质地和硬度，改善产品口感。     

Comparison of the quality and storage stability of salmon packaged in various retort pouches

The effect of thin metal oxide coated barrier materials on the quality of shelf stable salmon was investigated. Four different retort pouch structures were used: Cast polypropylene (CPP); polyethylene terephthalate (PET)/silicon oxide-coated nylon/CPP (SIOX); Aluminum oxide-coated PET/nylon/CPP (ALOX); PET/aluminum foil/CPP (FOIL). To determine the amount of lipid oxidation in the salmon, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) was measured. Salmon packaged in SIOX pouches had higher TBARS value, 43.53 mili-extinction/g, than salmon packaged in FOIL pouches, 37.06 mili-extinction/g, after 8 weeks of storage. A multiple comparisons test was used to evaluate the sensory characteristics of the salmon. Salmon packaged in SIOX pouches had less acceptability, 4.11, than salmon packaged in FOIL pouches, 5.44, after week 8. Conversely, salmon packaged in ALOX pouches had similar sensory and TBARS value with salmon packaged in FOIL pouches. The barrier properties of each pouch material were also investigated. Oxygen permeability (OP, g μm/m² day kPa) of SIOX increased from 0.88 to 10.55 after retort processing. SIOX had an OP of 10.94 at week 8 while ALOX and FOIL had 0.51 and 0.47 of OP, respectively. Overall, shelf stable salmon packaged in ALOX had a shelf life comparable to salmon packaged in a traditional FOIL pouch material, while salmon packaged in SIOX had a significantly lower shelf life then either ALOX or FOIL.     

东坡肉软罐头的杀菌工艺优化

用二次回归通用旋转组合设计进行试验,以杀菌效果及产品感官质量的综合评分为评价指标,建立东坡肉软罐头二次杀菌的工艺。结果表明东坡肉软罐头的二次杀菌最佳工艺参数：100℃×40s＋118℃×60s。