中板轧机轧制压力人工神经网络预报

基于人工神经网络软件Matlab，采用改进的BP(Back Propagation)网络Levenberg-Marquardt训练规则，根据中板轧件入口厚度、出口厚度和宽度、轧辊直径、轧制速度和温度、轧件主要成分等输入参数，优化计算2350中板轧机的轧制压力和力矩。通过该网络的μ参数的自适应调整，提高收敛速度，使2350中板轧机轧制力和力矩的预报精度显著提高。轧制压力的BP网络预报值相对误差小于3％，轧制力矩的BP网络预报值相对误差小于4％。     

微合金钢中板热轧时晶粒尺寸的模拟计算

通过Φ180mm× 2 0 0mm二辊实验轧机对成分 (% )为 0 0 5 3C 1 5 6Mn 0 0 4 6Nb 0 2 5Mo 0 0 14Ti 0 0 0 12B微合金化钢的轧制实验 ,验证了新建立的热轧板带晶粒尺寸的仿真模拟系统 ,得出晶粒尺寸的仿真计算值与实测值的相对误差≤ 8 3% ,并对该微合金钢 9道次 2 2 0 0mm× 14mm中板轧制时各道次钢板晶粒尺寸进行了计算。结果表明 ,精轧各道次均没有发生动态再结晶 ,在板厚 5 1 6mm轧至 2 2 0mm的 1～ 5道次 ,晶粒尺寸显著减小 ,由 4 5 μm降至 10 μm ,在板厚 2 2 0mm轧至 14 0mm的 6～ 9道次 ,晶粒尺寸减小不显著 ,由10 μm降至 7 5 μm     

Vibration analysis of rolling element bearings with various defects under the action of an unbalanced force

In this paper, a method based on the finite element vibration analysis is presented for defect detection in rolling element bearings with single or multiple defects on different components of the bearing structure using the time and frequency domain parameters. A dynamic loading model is proposed in order to create the nodal excitation functions used in the finite element vibration analysis as external loading. A computer code written in Visual Basic programming language with a graphical user interface is developed to create the nodal excitations for different cases including the outer ring, inner ring or rolling element defects. Forced vibration analysis of a bearing structure is performed using the commercial finite element package I-DEAS under the action of an unbalanced force transferred to the structure via a ball bearing. Time and frequency domain parameters such as rms, crest factor, kurtosis and band energy ratio for the frequency spectrum of the enveloped signals are used to analyse the effect of the defect location and the number of defects on the time and frequency domain parameters. The role of the receiving point for vibration measurements is also investigated. The vibration data for various defect cases including the housing structure effect can be obtained using the finite element vibration analysis in order to develop an optimum monitoring method in condition monitoring studies.     

轧钢机主传动系统扭振故障分析

在测量和计算了产生轧钢机主传动系统扭振故障的轧制力矩基础上，分析了引起轧钢机主传动系统扭振的原因；设计了扭振监测、诊断和控制系统，这个系统在钢铁企业的应用取得了令人满意的效果。     

冷拉伸滚压成形新工艺参数研究

采用ADINA有限元软件对高强度柔性螺栓在此加工工艺中定义材料性能,建立滚压模型,划分网格,约束边界条件,施加载荷.对在不同拉力,滚压量两个实验参数下进行冷拉伸滚压新工艺加工模拟仿真,得到端面中点的最大应力,有效应力及位移与时间函数的图形,并分析结果得出最有利于加工的工艺参数.为下一步做轴类冷拉伸滚压成形实验提供重要的实验参数.     

Friction on a single MoS2 nanotube

Friction was measured on a single molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) nanotube and on a single MoS₂ nano-onion for the first time. We used atomic force microscopy (AFM) operating in ultra-high vacuum at room temperature. The average coefficient of friction between the AFM tip and MoS₂ nanotubes was found considerably below the corresponding values obtained from an air-cleaved MoS₂ single crystal or graphite. We revealed a nontrivial dependency of friction on interaction strength between the nanotube and the underlying substrate. Friction on detached or weakly supported nanotubes by the substrate was several times smaller (0.023 ± 0.005) than that on well-supported nanotubes (0.08 ± 0.02). We propose an explanation of a quarter of a century old phenomena of higher friction found for intracrystalline (0.06) than for intercrystalline slip (0.025) in MoS₂. Friction test on a single MoS₂ nano-onion revealed a combined gliding-rolling process.PACS, 62.20, 61.46.Fg, 68.37 Ps     

Characterization and application of propylene grafted hydrogenated dicyclopentadiene hydrocarbon resin

Hydrocarbon resins, which are defined as low molecular weight, amorphous, and thermoplastic polymers, are widely used as tackifiers for various types of adhesives, as processing aids in rubber compounds, and as modifiers for paint and ink products, and for use in plastics polymers such as isotactic polypropylene. Recently, the quantities of the hydrocarbon resin׳ raw materials which are the side products from naphtha cracking process have decreased because of light-feed cracking such as gas cracking, so new raw materials for hydrocarbon resin production are essential. To be satisfied with the previously mentioned factors, the substitution of hydrocarbon resin raw materials with renewable resources is a worthy consideration. Moreover, new hydrocarbon resin having high adhesion performance, low specific gravity, and good compatibility with various polymers has been requested in various adhesives.To meet those requests, in this study, propylene instead of side product from naphtha cracking as main raw material of hydrocarbon resin were partially used. The propylene serves as a new, sustainable raw material and was successfully grafted onto dicyclopentadiene. The reaction of the propylene with dicyclopentadiene was confirmed because, according to NMR and FT-IR analyses, a pendant methyl-propylene group exists in the structure of the propylene-grafted, hydrogenated dicyclopentadiene hydrocarbon resin. To establish an optimal production condition regarding the propylene-grafted, hydrogenated dicyclopentadiene hydrocarbon resin, numerous experiments were conducted according to the mole ratio of the raw materials and the polymerization temperature. The propylene-grafted, hydrogenated dicyclopentadiene hydrocarbon resin that was manufactured according to optimal conditions results in a lower specific gravity and a high molecular weight, whereby the advantages of the adhesion properties of an SIS-based pressure-sensitive-adhesive are exploited. When the propylene-grafted, hydrogenated dicyclopentadiene hydrocarbon resin was formulated with the SIS-based pressure-sensitive-adhesive, both the heat stability and the shear-adhesion strength are sound.     

Bearing diagnosis using proximity probe and accelerometer

Employing multiple sensors that generate different physical parameters from the measured system to monitor its health increases the diagnosis reliability. In the present work, bearing diagnosis capabilities of proximity probes are explored by exploiting its advantages and alleviating its shortcomings using appropriate signal processing of the raw time domain data. A Time Synchronous Averaging based method is proposed for processing of the data acquired by proximity probes and its benefit is illustrated on test bearings. Simultaneous synchronous data is acquired with the help of proximity probes and accelerometer during a life test as the defect is naturally induced and progressed with time. The proximity probe is shown to perform better diagnosis for inner race defect compared to accelerometer due to a direct transmission path for this defect. The use of proximity probe can effectively supplement the information from accelerometer and improve the accuracy of bearing diagnosis.     

Rolling element bearing design through genetic algorithms

The design of rolling element bearings has been a challenging task in the field of mechanical engineering. While most of the real aspects of the design are never disclosed by bearing manufacturers, the common engineer is left with no other alternative than to refer to standard tables and charts containing the bearing performance characteristics. This paper presents a more viable method to solve this problem using genetic algorithms (GAs). Since the algorithm is basically a guided random search, it weakens the chances of getting trapped in local maxima or minima. The method used has yielded improved performance parameters than those catalogued in standard tables.