Synthesis and characterisation of organosoluble polyimides containing the anisyl moiety

A new type of diamine monomer containing the anisyl moiety was synthesized via a straight‐forward one‐step procedure. Anisaldehyde was reacted with 2,6‐dimethylaniline in the presence of dry HCl to attain bis(4‐amino‐3,5‐dimethylphenyl)anisylmethane. A series of organo‐soluble polyimides were prepared using the anisyl diamine and various aromatic dianhydrides via a two step method involving thermal imidization. All polyimides are soluble in strong polar solvents such as N‐methyl‐2‐pyrollidone, N,N‐Dimethylformamide, and N,N‐DimethylAcetamide. The polyimides show excellent thermal stability and good mechanical properties. The glass transition temperatures of the polyimides are in the range 265–294 °C. The tensile strengths are in the range 79–99 MPa and the temperatures at which 10 % weight loss occurs are in the range 460–496 °C. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

Concept development of an underground research tunnel for validating the Korean reference HLW disposal system

In order to dispose of high-level radioactive waste (HLW) safely in geological formations, it is necessary to assess the feasibility, safety, appropriateness, and stability of the disposal concept at an underground research laboratory (URL) constructed in the same geological formation as the host rock. In this study, minimum requirements and the conceptual design for an efficient construction of a small scale URL were derived based on a literature review. To confirm the validity of the conceptual design for construction at KAERI, a geological survey including a seismic refraction survey, electronic resistivity survey, borehole drilling, and in situ and laboratory tests were carried out. The mechanical stability of the URL was investigated with a consideration of the surface topography, tunnel geometry, tunnel slope, sequential excavation, in situ stress ratio, erosion effect, and rock property variation along the tunnel using the three-dimensional code, FLAC3D. From the study, it was possible to conclude that the small scale URL will be effectively constructed in a granite mass at KAERI and will satisfy the minimum requirements.     

采用超声波特性参量研究PBX炸药的热处理

对压制成型Φ20mm×10mm高聚物粘结炸药PBX03试样进行了50℃条件下累积9天的热处理试验,采用超声波特性参量检测了热处理试样,获得了PBX03试样热处理作用及机理的新认识:PBX03试样的超声波增益和声速值在热处理过程中均呈现出趋同的特征;适当的热处理有助于改善PBX03压制件内部质量的一致性;PBX03中TATB的不可逆长大可能是前述结果的主要致因。     

Properties of individual fractions of detonation nanodiamond

Detonation nanodiamonds synthesized and purified on an industrial scale were additionally purified and separated into narrow size fractions by centrifugation. The average particle size for the smallest fraction was lower than 30 nm and the yield was about 20 wt.%. Using FTIR spectra analysis, it was demonstrated that ND aggregates of different sizes, separated from the same pristine ND, have different surface compositions of active surface groups, particularly oxygen-containing groups, which finally influence their zeta potential values and hydrosol stability. Using DTA analysis, the higher reactivity of the smallest fractions during heat treatment in air was also demonstrated.     

Thermal Characteristics of Optoelectronic Modules with DIP and BGA Package

In order to meet the electrical and thermal performance requirements of current high performance optoelectronics, two package types with dual-in-line package（DIP） and ball grid array（BGA） for optoelectronics are modeled and thermally simulated, their thermal characterizations are compared and discussed by using the temperature contours and the simulated heating characterization curves in free air and forced air ambient. The results show that BGA has superior inside and outside total performances, and has the promising future in the highly integrated optoelectronics.     

Preparation of copolymer of L‐aspartic acid and L‐glutamic acid

In this article, a new copolymer of L ‐aspartic acid and L ‐glutamic acid, which may be a biodegradable high molecular polymer and can be used more widely in many areas, was synthesized. The conditions of preparation, such as catalyst, reaction time, reaction temperature, the amount of catalyst, the times of adding catalyst, and the molar ratio of L ‐aspartic acid to L ‐glutamic acid, were optimized. The copolymer was characterized by ¹³C NMR, infrared spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffractometer. The molecular weight was determined by GPC. The result indicated that production yield, purity of product, and molecular weight of product increased with amount of catalyst and molar ratio of L ‐aspartic acid to L ‐glutamic acid increasing. The best condition of preparation was the following: reacting 2–4 h at the temperature of 180–200°C. The product yield with the molecular weight 13,000.00 reached 63.2% and the purity of product was 96.33% when the copolymerization was carried out at the temperature of 200°C under vacuum for 2 h. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 3626–3633, 2006     

Synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline NaTaO3

Tantalum pentoxide reacts actively with concentrated NaOH solution under hydrothermal conditions at 180 ℃.In the reaction between NaOH solution and Ta2O5, the structure and composition of the tantalates depend on the reaction time, and the structure evolution results in a remarkable change in light absorption.Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) diffused reflection spectrum were used to characterize various properties of the obtained solid products.At 180 ℃, the reaction proceeds rapidly.With the increase of time, the reflection peaks of unreacted Ta2O5 in the XRD patterns becomes weaker and weaker.Pure NaTaO3 is obtained after 60 min, which is well crystallized with a uniform cubic morphology.     

核壳式无机-高分子纳米复合粒子的制备与表征

本文简要介绍了制备核壳式无机 -高分子纳米复合粒子的几种方法 ,着重概述了核壳式无机 -高分子纳米复合粒子的结构表征技术。     

Probabilistic robustness analysis: Explicit bounds for the minimum number of samples

In this paper, we study robustness analysis of control systems affected by bounded uncertainty. Motivated by the difficulty to perform this analysis when the uncertainty enters into the plant coefficients in a nonlinear fashion, we study a probabilistic approach. In this setting, the uncertain parameters q are random variables bounded in a set Q and described by a multivariate density function f(q). We then pose the following question: Given a performance level, what is the probability that this level is attained? The main content of this paper is to derive explicit bounds for the number of samples required to estimate this probability with a certain accuracy and confidence a priori specified. It is shown that the number obtained is inversely proportional to these thresholds and it is much smaller than that of classical results. Finally, we remark that the same approach can be followed to study several problems in a control system context. For example, we can evaluate the worst-case H_∞ norm of the sensitivity function of multi-input multi-output systems or compute μ when the robustness margin is of interest.     

由β分子筛纳米簇组装的介孔分子筛及其表征

采用两步水热合成法分别制备六方相和立方相的介孔分子筛：首先合成含有口微孔分子筛的初级和次级结构单元的纳米簇，然后分别在碱性介质中与模板剂CTABr组装，通过优化合成条件分别制备出六方相Mβ-41介孔分子筛和立方相Mβ-48介孔分子筛。采用XRD、FT—IR、BET、TG-DTA、SEM、TEM、^27Al NMR和^29Si NMR等表征手段对所得的介孔材料进行了表征。考察了所得的介孔材料的热稳定性、水热稳定性以及酸性。结果表明，用两步法制备的介孔分子筛具有较强的酸性和较好的水热稳定性。分析结果表明，用该方法制备的介孔材料含有β微孔分子筛次级结构单元，这对其稳定性和酸性的提高起了很大作用。