Thermal resistance of side by side multi-chip package: Thermal mode analysis

The thermal mode analysis is used in this paper to optimize the thermal management with optimal locations and chip sizes for multi-chip package. The average thermal resistance is defined and analyzed. The spreading thermal resistance can be expanded into Fourier series so that the thermal modes can be established. For the infinite thermal modes, only a few terms are needed to be considered due to the rapid convergence of solution. The optimal locations and chip sizes can then be determined by using the first few modes to reduce the thermal resistance as minimal as possible. The optimal locations have the cosine wave property so that the wave nodes might be the suitable sites. On the other hand, the optimal chip sizes have the cardinal sine property which decays monotonously. For given optimal locations, the optimal chip sizes are determined by certain modes. These special modes can be used to analyze the range of optimal locations and chip sizes.     

充液量对回路热管性能的影响

实验研究了以Cu粉烧结块为吸液芯、Al制太阳花散热器为冷凝器的回路热管(LHP)在不同充液率条件下充入工质为无水乙醇后的启动、温度波动以及热阻等传热性能。Cu粉烧结块吸液芯相对丝网吸收层可以产生更大的毛细力,Al制太阳花散热器可以使整个LHP更轻便,利于不同安装场合的应用。研究结果表明:1)LHP的启动受热负荷大小和充液率共同作用;2)温度波动随功率的增加而变得平缓,而随着充液率的增加,温度波动频率却有所上升;3)充液率影响LHP的热阻变化,最佳充液率为60%。     

Galvalume镀层钢在青岛海域海水中的耐蚀性能

采用极化曲线测试和交流阻抗技术研究了Galvalume镀层钢在青岛海域海水中的耐蚀性能,利用电子扫描电镜对镀层表面的腐蚀产物形貌进行了分析,详细探讨了海水温度和溶解氧浓度对Galvalume镀层钢电化学腐蚀行为的影响.结果表明:温度升高,破坏了保护性腐蚀产物膜在镀层表面的吸附,促进了阳极活化反应过程.低浓度的溶解氧抑制了阴极反应,镀层的耐蚀性能提高.     

单元式幕墙设计原理判断优劣

随着行业交流地扩大及设计师地流动,幕墙设计的相似度越来越高,既相互影响又相互借鉴。尽管所用之体系均归类于横滑式单元系统,但因不同厂家对单元式幕墙的理解不同,因此所设计出的产品也迴异。本文对市场上比较流行的两类作法进行剖析比对,从单元式幕墙的设计原理、加工特性着手,比较两种作法的优劣,使设计师能够有选择性地使用水密、气密性能更高的产品。     

钢框架-预制混凝土抗侧力墙装配式结构体系

介绍了新型装配式钢结构住宅结构体系的基本构成、连接方式和构造关系;同时归纳和评述了该结构体系的特点,包括预制装配化程度高、墙体可更换、墙体轴力小、布置灵活、抗侧力体系与维护一体化等;阐述了该结构体系的设计理念、设计步骤,并对6层和18层该结构体系房屋进行设计实例分析;最后讨论了该结构体系在应用过程中存在的主要问题和相应对策.研究结果表明:这种新型结构体系符合建筑产业化的进程,具有广阔的应用前景.     

Traveling wave fault locator for mixed,overhead, and underground teed transmission feeders

Society is increasingly concerned about the environmental impact of energy systems, and prefers to locate power lines underground. This is especially true in regions of outstanding natural beauty or if they affect environmental/political/planning constrained areas. However, the use of underground sections within a predominantly overhead feeder introduces significant problems for the auto‐reclosure of circuit breakers. Auto‐reclosure is important on an overhead feeder, since most faults are transient and, once the feeder has been de‐energized, the insulation strength of the air at the fault recovers and the line can be restored to service. Faults on an underground cable are different because, once the insulation is damaged, the fault is normally permanent. In addition, if the breaker is allowed to reclose onto a cable fault, the area of damage increases and health and safety concerns exist for humans in the vicinity of the faulted cable section. The main purpose of the traveling‐wave‐based measurement scheme described in this paper is to locate a fault on a teed transmission feeder with mixed overhead and underground sections. Simulation results demonstrate that the fault locator can accurately locate all realistic faults, including ones that are high resistance or occur at nonideal points on wave. © 2015 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

A novel summation impedance protection adaptive to high‐resistance earth fault detection

While the high‐resistance earth fault frequently occurs on extra high voltage (EHV) transmission lines, existing protection schemes show great limitation for coping with this kind of fault scenario when the fault resistance is very high. In this paper, a novel protection methodology combining the measured impedance of the two ends is introduced, and a so‐called summation impedance protection, making use of this critical information, is thus put forward and assessed. Emphasis is placed on the principle of the summation impedance protection and its adaptive thresholds. A simulation model based on EMTDC/PSCAD, by which the performance of the summation impedance protection is evaluated, is then established. As confirmed by quantitative theoretical and experimental studies, the results indicate that the proposed protection scheme works well even when the fault resistance is extremely high under the internal fault condition, and it keeps itself from maloperation as an effect of its adaptive thresholds wherever an external fault occurs. These results highlight the necessity to work in conjunction with the existing main protections of transmission lines, by which means an enhanced ability to cope with the high‐resistance single‐phase earth fault can be achieved. © 2015 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Biochemical factors responsible for susceptibility or resistance of various plants against the scarlet mite,brevipalpus phoenicis: i. amino acids analysis

Free amino acids show considerable variations among various species of plants that exhibit different degrees of susceptibility or resistance to various pests infestation. Some of the free amino acids, directly or indirectly, contribute to defense mechanism of the plants. Recently, 31 plant species were screened for susceptibility or resistance against the attack of the scarlet mite, Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geij.). Thin layer chromatography showed that all resistant species contain tryptophan, tyrosine and hydroxyproline, while all susceptible hosts had amino acids like α‐aminocaprylic acid and dihydroxyphenylalanine. The plants species lacking dihydroxyphenylalanine could not support the development of the scarlet mite.     

禄口机场T2航站楼Kalzip直立锁边铝合金屋面系统设计

禄口机场T2航站楼主楼屋面为9个弧形双曲屋面,由Kalzip直立锁边铝合金屋面系统、柔性卷材防水系统、承重钢底板系统等组成。作者针对该大型屋面系统的特点,就屋面抗风等关键节点的设计问题,提出了相应的解决措施,使屋面综合性能达到最优。