COPART:一种面向约束条件的自适应软硬件划分算法

本文介绍一种将自适应算法、遗传算法和列表调度算法结合起来应用于软硬件划分问题的算法COPARTART，并提出了一种基于约束条件的开销系数自适应调整方法，该方法所获得的划分结果能够良好体现设计目标。     

Deep‐UV Photochemistry and Patterning of (Aminoethylaminomethyl)phenethylsiloxane Self‐Assembled Monolayers

The 193 nm photochemistry of (aminoethylaminomethyl)phenethylsiloxane (PEDA) self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) under ambient conditions is described. The primary photodegradation pathways at low exposure doses (< 100 mJ cm^–2) are benzylic C–N bond cleavage (ca. 68 %), with oxidation of the benzyl C to the aldehyde, and Si–C bond cleavage (ca. 32 %). Amine‐containing photoproducts released from the SAM during exposure remain physisorbed on the surface, where they undergo secondary photolysis leading to their complete degradation and removal after ca. 1200 mJ cm^–2. NaCl(aq) post‐exposure rinsing removes the physisorbed materials, showing that degradation of the original PEDA species (leaving Si–OH) is substantially complete after ca. 450 mJ cm^–2. Consequently, patterned, rinsed PEDA SAMs function as efficient templates for fabrication of high‐resolution, negative‐tone, electroless metal and DNA features with good selectivity at low dose (i.e., ca. 400 mJ cm^–2) via materials grafting to the intact amines remaining in the unirradiated PEDA SAM regions.     

Nanoweb Formation: 2D Self‐Assembly of Semiconductor Gallium Oxide Nanowires/Nanotubes

This paper reports a method to produce networks of crystalline gallium oxide comprised of one‐dimensional (1D) nanostructures. Because of the unique arrangement of wires, these crystalline networks are termed as ‘nanowebs’. Nanowebs are of great technological interest since they contain wire densities of the order of 10⁹ cm^–2. A possible mechanism for the fast self‐assembly of crystalline metal oxide nanowires involves multiple nucleation and coalescence via oxidation–reduction reactions at the molecular level. The preferential growth of nanowires parallel to the substrate enabled them to coalesce into regular polygonal networks. The individual segments of the polygonal network consist of both nanowires and nanotubules of β‐gallium oxide. Individual wire properties contribute to a nanoweb’s overall capacity and the implications for devices based on nanowebs are expected to be enormous.     

Hierarchical Self‐Assembly of Peptide‐Coated Carbon Nanotubes

Numerous applications, from molecular electronics to super‐strong composites, have been suggested for carbon nanotubes. Despite this promise, difficulty in assembling raw carbon nanotubes into functional structures is a deterrent for applications. In contrast, biological materials have evolved to self‐assemble, and the lessons of their self‐assembly can be applied to synthetic materials such as carbon nanotubes. Here we show that single‐walled carbon nanotubes, coated with a designed amphiphilic peptide, can be assembled into ordered hierarchical structures. This novel methodology offers a new route for controlling the physical properties of nanotube systems at all length scales from the nano‐ to the macroscale. Moreover, this technique is not limited to assembling carbon nanotubes, and could be modified to serve as a general procedure for controllably assembling other nanostructures into functional materials.