柴油机微粒捕集器关键技术发展现状与分析

柴油机微粒捕集器研究与应用的关键在于高效而可靠的过滤体材料的开发与再生技术的研究。在介绍各过滤材料技术和再生技术的基础上,对比分析和研究它们的技术特点及主要问题,探讨过滤体材料及其再生技术的发展趋势。     

Comparative Performance of Different Sector Arrangement in a Desiccant Wheel Using a Mathematical Model

A one‐dimensional mathematical model has been used for a three‐sector desiccant wheel (two sectors with purge) with different flow arrangements. The model considers both gas and solid side resistance and shows a good agreement with experimental results. This model has been used to conduct a comparative performance analysis in both the effective adsorption and effective regeneration sector of a desiccant wheel. It was found that an effective regeneration sector gives better results for the performance parameters (rotation of wheel, regeneration temperature, velocity, and ambient moisture) as compared to an effective adsorption sector. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley Online Library ( wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/htj ). DOI 10.1002/htj.21103     

Combining continuous catalytic regenerative naphtha reformer with thermally coupled concept for improving the process yield

Advancements in the catalytic naphtha reforming process, as one of the main processes in petrochemical industry, contributed to development of continuous catalytic regenerative naphtha reformer units. Increasing the yield of aromatic and hydrogen as well as saving the energy in this process through the application of thermal coupling technique is a potentially interesting idea. This novel idea has been assessed in this paper. In the proposed configuration, continuous catalyst regeneration naphtha reforming process is coupled with hydrogenation of nitrobenzene in a two co-axial reactor separated by a solid wall, where the generated heat in nitrobenzene hydrogenation reaction transfers to naphtha reforming reaction medium through the surface of the tube. A steady-state, homogeneous, two-dimensional model is used to describe the performance of this configuration and a kinetic model including 32 pseudo-components with 84 reactions is considered for naphtha reforming reaction. After validating the model with the commercial data of a domestic plant, the obtained results of coupled reactor are compared by the conventional one. The obtained results show the superiority of CCR coupled reactor against the conventional one.     

DPF主动再生过程颗粒排放特性试验

通过柴油发动机台架,采用后喷助燃的再生方式研究了主动再生过程中柴油机颗粒捕集器(DPF)出口的颗粒排放特性.结果表明:在主动再生期间,DPF出口颗粒浓度可增加2~3个数量级;在升温过程和再生过程,出口颗粒物数量浓度和粒径分布会因为碳载量和再生温度的共同作用而表现出差异;升温过程中,10 nm左右核模态颗粒物的排放主要由来流中颗粒物的穿透引起;再生过程中,10 nm左右核模态颗粒物的排放主要由碳烟颗粒层氧化反应生成的二次颗粒逃逸引起;整个再生期间,100 nm左右的积聚态颗粒物的排放主要由DPF载体内碳烟颗粒的逃逸引起.     

横管降膜蒸发内回热式太阳能海水淡化装置的实验研究

设计建造了一台利用太阳能或其它余热驱动的横管降膜蒸发内回热式海水淡化装置，并利用模拟热源对该装置进行了实验研究，由于在系统的蒸发及冷凝过程中，大部分水蒸汽的凝结潜热被重复利用于海水的预热及蒸发过程，因而系统具有较高的产水率，同时，由于在气流的闭式环过程中，蒸发腔中处于负压状态，冷凝腔中处于正压状态，强化了系统的产水性能，使系统的产水效率比传统的盘式太阳能蒸馏器提高了3倍左右，介绍了系统的瞬态特性及运行温度，供海水流率与产水量的相互关系，对影响系统产水率的其它因素进行了讨论。     

热阻和回热损失对埃里克森循环性能的影响

建立受热阻和回热损失影响的埃里克森循环模型,以输出功率为目标函数,导出循环的基本优化关系式,由此获得循环的特性曲线,并对特殊的工况点作了详细的讨论,从而得到一些新的结论。     

太阳能液体除湿空调系统再生和蓄能特性的研究

太阳能液体除湿空调系统中,能量在液体除湿剂中以化学能的形式存在,蓄能潜力大,再生温度低,可以利用太阳能或其它低位余热和废热。着重分析了液体除湿空调系统中溶液的再生原理和再生过程的传热传质特性,对再生过程进行了实验研究,获得了再生过程对流传质和对流换热的实验准则方程,讨论了各主要因素对再生量的影响。对再生器的蓄能特性进行了分析,讨论了太阳能液体除湿空调系统蓄能工况的运行方式。     

Creative clusters in the regeneration of Valletta and the cultural politics of Strait Street

The paper aims to unfold the narrative of development in a creative cluster project for the regeneration of Strait Street in Valletta, Malta. This is approached by first examining the distinctive, historically contentious background of the neighbourhood and, thereafter, unpacking the development narrative of policy documents and the discursive and material constructs about the creative city approach to regeneration strategies in the city. Using a ‘system-wide’ analytical framework, this material is then scrutinized to gain an understanding of the specificities involved and, finally, discuss the crucial features of the key dimensions elucidating the potential strengths and weaknesses of the case     

后处理厂溶剂再生系统始发事件的FMEA评价

识别始发事件是事故分析的基础。目前后处理厂对始发事件的识别尚未形成通用方法。本文以后处理厂共去污分离循环的溶剂再生系统为研究示范对象,采用失效模式和影响分析(FMEA)的工程评价方法识别和筛选始发事件。分析结果表明,该系统始发事件的类型主要包括:包容放射性物料的边界(设备、管道、阀门)破损泄漏;酸、碱洗槽界面测量仪表失效;各贮槽和洗涤槽液位测量仪表失效;污溶剂接受槽有机相出口计量泵轴封泄漏。经与美国后处理厂安全分析报告和国外后处理事故实例比较,FMEA方法分析结果对于设备失效所致的事故具有良好的包络性和适用性。因此,该方法可作为选取始发事件的参考方法,并可推广应用到后处理厂的其他工艺流程系统。