部分国产卷烟主流烟气水分的分析研究

采用气相色谱法和非散射红外法分别对全国81种卷烟烟气中的水分、烟碱和CO进行了检测;芒森.沃克法测定烟丝中总糖;评吸法确定烟气水分大小对喉部感受的影响。同时,还考察了六种添加物对烟气水分的影响。结果表明:①烟气水分存在一定的规律性,水分大小与喉部舒适程度成正比;②烟气水分与TPM、CO和烟气烟碱呈一定的相关性,与烟丝的水分和总糖无明显的关联。烟气水分是多种因素共同作用的结果。     

离子感烟火灾探测器的放射防护安全管理

介绍离子感烟火灾探测器的应用情况和安全管理现状,并结合在实际工作中存在的辐射安全隐患问题,提出了相关的建议。     

我国摩托车排烟状况及其对策

以即将制定的《摩托车和轻便摩托车排气可见污染物限值及测量方法》标准中的限值为依据，用急加速法对我国新生产摩托车和在用摩托车的排烟进行部分抽样检测，结果表明，四冲程摩托车的排烟通过率为100％。对二冲程摩托车而言，采用自带润滑油以及自行润滑模式，无论是新生产摩托车还是在用摩托车其排烟通过率均在10％以下。若采用低烟油且混合比为50：1时，则通过率可达60％以上。     

Investigating the emissions during acceleration of a turbocharged diesel engine operating with bio-diesel or n-butanol diesel fuel blends

Control of transient emissions from turbocharged diesel engines is an important objective for automotive manufacturers, since stringent criteria for exhaust emission levels must be met as dictated by the legislated transient cycles. On the other hand, bio-fuels are getting impetus today as renewable substitutes for conventional fuels (diesel fuel or gasoline), especially in the transport domain. In the present work, experimental tests are conducted on a turbocharged truck diesel engine in order to investigate the formation mechanism of NO (nitric oxide) and smoke under various accelerating schedules experienced during daily driving conditions. To this aim, a fully instrumented test bed was set up in order to capture the development of key engine and turbocharger variables during the transient events using ultra-fast response instrumentation for the instantaneous measurement of the exhaust NO and smoke opacity. Apart from the baseline diesel fuel, the engine was operated with a blend of diesel fuel with 30% bio-diesel, and a blend of diesel fuel with 25% n-butanol. Analytical diagrams are provided to explain the behavior of emissions development in conjunction with turbocharger and fueling response. Unsurprisingly, turbocharger lag was found to be the main culprit for the emissions spikes during all test cases examined. The differences in the measured exhaust emissions of the two bio-fuel/diesel fuel blends, both leading to serious smoke reductions but also NO increases compared with the baseline operation of the engine were determined and compared. The differing physical and chemical properties of bio-diesel and n-butanol against those of the diesel fuel, together with the formation mechanisms of NO and soot were used for the analysis and interpretation of the experimental findings concerning transient emissions.     

自动设定烟气出口温度改善余热回收效率的方法

我国现役燃煤机组排烟温度普遍偏高,里面蕴含着提高锅炉效率的巨大节能空间。为了更高效地利用余热,并达到控白烟的目的,嘉华发电有限公司7号机组通过改造,采取了利用烟气余热回收加热凝结水的方法,实现了余热回收的初步节能效果。     

取样式消光烟度计烟度测量影响因素的试验研究

本文简要介绍了自行研制的取样式消光烟度计，并在发动机试验台架上对影响仪器测量结果的几个重要参数进行了试验研究。     

万科健身会所暖通空调设计

本文介绍了万科健身会所暖通空调系统的主要设计参数、冷热源、风系统、水系统、防排烟设计及自动控制等内容。     

烟道气烟尘的自动实时监测原理

讨论了用光电传感器对烟道气的标准烟色及烟尘颗粒物质量浓度进行在线实时监测的原理，给出了相应的标度变换。建立了适合于微处理器使用的近似计算的函数，并讨论了计算误差．     

柴油掺水乳化燃烧对NO_x与烟度排放的影响

作者对Ｇａｒｄｎｅｒ单缸柴油机掺水乳化燃烧与纯柴油进行对比试验，以检验对柴油机排放性能的影响。试验结果表明，柴油机燃用乳化柴油能有效地降低ＮＯｘ排放浓度，并对烟度排放亦有一定的抑制作用。     

模拟火灾用发烟剂的实验研究

对烟火类发烟剂的组成、工作原理、生产工艺流程及技术指标等作了简要阐述,并对近年来国内外烟火类发烟剂研究中存在的问题及今后的发展方向进行了探讨与展望。烟火类发烟剂既要满足消防演习等烟雾要求,又要具有较高的仿真性及安全性。