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51.
The exact magnetization pattern of magnetic films close to a spin-reorientation transition is difficult to analyze due to the intrinsically three-dimensional (3d) variation of the orientation of the local magnetization. We present a technique how this can be performed, based on the analysis of high quality 2d polarization maps from a single scanning electron microscope with polarization analysis (SEMPA) measurement with tilted sample. The key tool is the statistical distribution of all occurring polarization doublets, visualized in a 2d histogram plot. From the shape of the distribution the type of transition—canted-phase, or coexisting phases—can be inferred. For the canted-phase state, the canting angle can be accurately determined from geometrical considerations. With help of the histogram the image data can be analyzed and the three components of the magnetization can be calculated for most points of the image. For a Co/Pt multilayer film we found a cone state. The magnetization forms a complex pattern consisting of out-of-plane domains while the in-plane magnetization shows a maze pattern. 相似文献
52.
通过高炉鼓风机扩压叶片断裂事故,从化学分析、物理检验,结合使用情况对扩压叶片断裂原因进行了详细分析,并提出了改进措施。 相似文献
53.
John Tsinias 《Systems & Control Letters》1991,17(1)
In this paper we generalize the Vidyasagar's well known theorem on the local stabilizability problem of nonlinear systems using state detection [11]. Our purpose is to prove that if a system is weakly detectable and stabilizable by means of a continuous state feedback u = γ(x), for which no differentiability assumption is imposed, then the system is also stabilized by the law u = γ(z), where z is the output of a weak detector for the state x. The result above is applicable to several cases not covered by other works. 相似文献
54.
The removal of Cu(II) by adsorption on fly ash has been found to be concentration, pH and temperature dependent. The kinetics of adsorption indicates the process to be diffusion controlled. The Langmuir constants have been calculated at different temperatures, and the adsorption has been found to be endothermic (ΔH = 15.652 kcal mol?1). The maximum removal is observed at pH 8.0, and variation in adsorption with pH has been explained on the basis of surface ionisation and complexation. 相似文献
55.
Fan Jing yu Wang Dao zeng Zhong Bao chang Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics Mechanics Shanghai University Shanghai China 《水动力学研究与进展(B辑)》2003,15(2)
1 . INTRODUCTIONUndertheinfluenceofnaturaltides,theinterac tionsbetweenflowfeaturesandpollutantlongitudinaldiffusionintidalriversareimportantforwaterenvi ronmentrectificationinestuarineregions.Thediffu sionandtransportofpollutantinnaturalriversfallin tom… 相似文献
56.
On the basis of new concept using a solid disperse phase we have developed an efficient catalytic solid-phase-system for epoxidations of alkenes using urea–hydrogen peroxide (urea–H2O2) complex and cetylpyridinium dodecatungstate ((CetylPy)10[H2W12O42]) catalyst on fluorapatite (FAp). The recovered solid catalyst phase was reused to keep the catalytic activity after several times. In the conceptual idea it is a key point that in situ solid-phase-activation of the catalyst with urea–H2O2 proceeds to form microcrystals of the active species dispersed on the solid phase. The dispersion of the catalyst on FAp in the case of tungstic acid (H2WO4) was suggested by EPMA analysis. We proposed the peroxo type of species keeping the parent polyoxometalate framework as novel active species from FT-IR spectroscopic studies. FAp phase plays important roles of dispersing the active species on its surface to have high catalytic activity and of stabilizing the active species to lead to high reusability. 相似文献
57.
Docherty Nancy M.; Cohen Alex S.; Nienow Tasha M.; Dinzeo Thomas J.; Dangelmaier Ruth E. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2003,112(3):469
This study examined the degree to which different types of communication disturbances in the speech of 48 schizophrenia patients and 28 controls were variable and state related versus stable and traitlike. Clinically rated formal thought disorder and 5 types of referential disturbance showed substantial stability within participants over time. The sixth type of referential disturbance, the vague reference, was not stable over time. Formal thought disorder was associated with the severity of core psychotic symptoms in patients, whereas referential disturbances showed little or no association with positive or negative symptom severity. Furthermore, changes in psychotic symptoms over time were accompanied by corresponding changes in formal thought disorder but not referential disturbances. These results support the idea that some types of referential disturbances are traitlike and may be reflective of vulnerability as well as manifest illness. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
58.
The compositions (1 −x)Ag2SO4−(x)BaSO4, wherex=0·01 to 0·6, were prepared by slow cooling of the melt. The extent of the solid solubility of Ba2+ in Ag2SO4 was determined by X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The bulk conductivity of each sample was obtained
using a detailed impedance analysis. The partial substitution of Ba2+ results in the enhancement of conductivity in compliance with the classical aliovalent doping theory. A simplistic model
based on lattice distortion (expansion) due to partial substitution of Ag+ by the bigger Ba2+ has been considered to explain enhanced conductivity. Beyond solid-solubility limit (5·27 mole%) the BaSO4-dispersed Ag2SO4 conductivity follows the usual trend seen in binary systems. An increase in conductivity in this case is discussed in the
light of interfacial reactions and surface defect chemistry. The maximum conductivity in 20 mole% BaSO4 dispersed Ag2SO4 is due to percolation threshold. 相似文献
59.
A type of CO2 sensor based on oxygen concentration cell was designed as following: Cell I: Pt | Au, O2,CO2|Na2CO3(Au)|NKBA(Au)|YSZ|O2, CO2|Pt or Cell Ⅱ: Pt|Au, O2, CO2|K2CO3(Au)|NKBA(Au)|YSZ|O2, CO2|Pt.(Na,K-β/β″-Al2O3 is named by NKBA). The sensor signal is consistent with the Nernstian slope within the region ofphase equilibrium for Na, K-β/β"-Al2O3 material. The relationship between CO2 sensor voltage response and phaseequilibrium of solid electrolyte Na, K-β/β-Al2O3 is discussed in this paper. 相似文献
60.
Ideal-gas thermodynamic properties for natural-gas applications 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Calculating caloric properties from a thermal equation of state requires information such as isobaric heat capacities in the ideal-gas state as a function of temperature. In this work, values for the parameters of thec
p
0
correlation proposed by Aly and Lee were newly determined for 21 pure gases which are compounds of natural gas mixtures. The values of the parameters were adjusted to selectedc
p
0
data calculated from spectroscopic data for temperatures ranging from 10 to 1000 K. The data sources used are discussed and compared with literature data deduced from theoretic models and caloric measurements. The parameters presented will be applied in a current GERG project for evaluating equations of state (e.g., the AGA 8 equation) for their suitability for calculating caloric properties. 相似文献