宫崎滔天投身中国革命的原因探析

家庭对宫崎滔天品格、地权民权思想、中国观等方面的形成起着重要作用。滔天父母和三位哥哥在他成长的过程中给他带来了不同程度和角度的影响。这些影响促使了滔天支持中国革命的人生观的建立。从家庭各成员对他的影响着手,可以找出宫崎滔天不拘于自己的日本人身份,不顾当时日本"脱亚入欧"等的敌视中国理论,执著投身于中国的革命事业的原因。     

A sun glint correction method for hyperspectral imagery containing areas with non-negligible water leaving NIR signal

Present sun glint removal methods overcorrect data collected in very shallow (less than 2 m) waters if the sensors used do not have bands in far infrared part of the spectrum. The reason is assuming of zero water leaving signal at near infrared (NIR) wavelengths. This assumption is not valid in very shallow waters, but also in areas where aquatic vegetation reaches water surface and in case of phytoplankton blooms that reach very high biomass or form surface scum. We propose an alternative method that can be used for successful glint removal even if the sensor does not have spectral bands beyond 800 nm. The proposed method utilises the presence and depth of the oxygen absorption feature near 760 nm as an indicator of glint contamination. This method allows removing sun glint from hyperspectral imagery preserving shape and magnitude of reflectance spectra in the cases where the negligible water leaving NIR signal is not valid.     

飞机座舱温度场数值仿真研究

要为飞机座舱空气分配系统以及飞机的环控系统提供更为可靠的设计依据.应寻求更加接近实际的座舱温度场的分布情况.根据飞机座舱内实际存在的传热过程,主要在导热-对流传热的基础上考虑了辐射传热,在利用计算流体动力学(CFD)软件Fluent对飞机座舱温度场的数值仿真过程中,加入了离散坐标辐射模型,主要壁面采用了对流-辐射混合热边界条件,而且考虑了太阳辐射对舱内温度场的影响.针对某战斗机的设计状态点对其座舱温度场进行仿真,得到了该条件下的舱内温度分布和辐射换热量,计算结果跟传统方法进行了比较,表明了实际性和可行性.     

春笋微波干燥动力学模型研究

在不同微波功率下研究春笋（5mm厚度，200g）干燥过程中失水速率和颜色的变化规律。失水速率随微波功率增大而增大，用拟和性较好的Page方程建立了水分比变化模型。色泽变化参数用亮度L、红色度a和黄色度b表示。红色度a值和黄色度b值上升而亮度L下降，笋片微波干燥后总体色泽加深。色泽各参数变化用食品中零级和一级反应模型来拟和，其中L和b的变化适合一级反应模型，a的变化适合用零级反应模型表达。     

Influence of residual loadings on mass transfer and efficiency in sorption cycles

The axial residual loading profile of an activated carbon column during a sorption cycle has been determined experimentally. The sorption cycle contains the steps adsorption, steam desorption, drying/cooling and a following adsorption. For the system toluene/SORBONORIT 4 the drying parameters have been varied to examine the influence of the residual loading profile on the breakthrough time and the exit concentration on the adsorption step. At higher drying temperatures toluene is being desorbed from the coal and is readsorbed in the following layers. This shift of the loading profile results in a shortening of the breakthrough time as well as in an increase of the exit concentrations. To achieve low emissions, a longer part of the bed must be regenerated to reduce the residual loading. A heterogeneous model has been developed to simulate this behaviour. The transport effects in a particle are thereby combined with the transport phenomena in the bed. The simulation of adsorption considering the preloading profile caused by different drying conditions reveal different governing transport mechanism leading to significant differences in the breakthrough behaviour.     

A multi-technique investigation of the nanoporosity of cement paste

The nanometer-scale structure of cement paste, which is dominated by the colloidal-scale porosity within the C-S-H gel phase, has a controlling effect on concrete properties but is difficult to study due to its delicate structure and lack of long-range order. Here we present results from three experimental techniques that are particularly suited to analyzing disordered nanoporous materials: small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), weight and length changes during equilibrium drying, and nanoindentation. Particular attention is paid to differences between pastes of different ages and cured at different temperatures. The SANS and equilibrium drying results indicate that hydration of cement paste at 20 °C forms a low-density (LD) C-S-H gel structure with a range of gel pore sizes and a relatively low packing fraction of solid particles. This fine structure may persist indefinitely under saturated conditions. However, if the paste is dried or is cured at elevated temperatures (60 °C or greater) the structure collapses toward a denser (less porous) and more stable configuration with fewer large gel pores, resulting in a greater amount of capillary porosity. Nanoindentation measurements of pastes cured at different temperatures demonstrate in all cases the existence of two C-S-H structures with different characteristic values of the indentation modulus. The average value of the modulus of the LD C-S-H is the same for all pastes tested to date, and a micromechanical analysis indicates that this value corresponds to the denser and more stable configuration of LD C-S-H. The experimental results presented here are interpreted in terms of a previously proposed quantitative “colloid” model of C-S-H gel, resulting in an improved understanding of the microstructural changes associated with drying and heat curing.     

Determination of water-to-cement ratio in freshly mixed rapid-setting calcium sulfoaluminate concrete using 2.45 GHz microwave radiation

This paper describes how 2.45 GHz microwave radiation can be conveniently and accurately used for the on-site determination of the water-to-cement (w/c) ratio in a batch of fresh rapid-setting concrete. Calcium sulfoaluminate cements are attracting attention because of their superior properties compared to traditional Portland cements. While w/c is an important factor in process control of Portland cement, it is a factor of crucial importance in rapid-setting cements containing calcium sulfoaluminate (C₄A₃S?). A main advantage of such concretes, in addition to their low permeability and high sulfate resistance, is their very early strengths. But because of these very early strengths, the traditional microwave tests approved by AASHTO for w/c control cannot be used. We describe a test allowing determination of w/c in a rapid-setting concrete. We present results on the accuracy of the technique in the laboratory and in the field during trial batches. In all cases, the accuracy of the microwave technique was excellent. The accuracy of the test has been shown to be (w/c)_measured=(w/c)_theoretical±0.03 in the field, with an even higher accuracy of 0.01 in the laboratory. Therefore, it would be reasonable to set an upper quality limit of (w/c) +0.05 for onsite quality control using microwave testing.     

Application of High-Power Ultrasound for Dehydration of Vegetables: Processes and Devices

High-intensity ultrasound is a tool with a great potential for vegetable dehydration. Airborne ultrasonic waves have been used for drying materials in combination with hot air systems to obtain adequate drying rates at lower temperatures. Nevertheless, the extension of this technique has been limited because of practical difficulties in the efficient generation of high-intensity ultrasound in air. The implementation of a new technology of plate-transducer power ultrasonic generators has opened up new possibilities in this area. This article reviews the development and testing of an ultrasonic technology for vegetable dehydration based on the application of the new power ultrasound generators. Two experimental procedures have been carried out by airborne ultrasound and ultrasonic vibration in direct contact with the vegetable.     

On the Influence of Glass Transition on Shrinkage in Convective Drying of Fruits: A Case Study of Banana Drying

The ideal shrinkage model assumes that the extent of shrinkage is equal to the volume of liquid water removed from the dried medium. Generally if a material undergoes glass transition during the drying process, shrinkage will no longer be ideal. The aim of this study was to observe how the glass transition temperature influences the shrinkage kinetics. Cylindrical banana samples were dried. Shrinkage extent was significant for all drying conditions (temperature: 30-50°C, relative humidity: 0-80%). Deviation from linearity was found to be affected not only by drying air temperature but also by its relative humidity.     

高钙粉煤灰用于高性能混凝土体积稳定剂的研究

根据对上海地区某些高钙粉煤灰膨胀特性的研究，提出了高钙粉煤灰用作高性能混凝土体积稳定剂的可行性，并将改性后的高钙粉煤灰以大掺量用于普通泵送混凝土中。结果表明，它具有补偿混凝土塑性收缩和早期化学减缩的能力，可提高普通泵送混凝土的抗裂性，从而实现普通泵送混凝土的高性能化，同时还可获得显著的经济和社会效益。此外还提出了高性能混凝土体积稳定性的量化指标。