浅谈冒天山越岭选线的方案研究

针对本段线路的地形、地貌和复杂的地质情况，结合既有线现状及子长县城市规划对本段线路方案以实际勘察资料为基础进行分析研究，经过技术经济综合评价，研究出较为合理的线路方案。     

第十五讲──电镀用直流电源(二)

总结了无氰碱铜试验与生产中应注意的问题,包括阴、阳离子杂质的影响,采用高纯度化工材料的必要性,提高抗杂质干扰的有效办法,以及锌压铸件滚镀无氰碱铜的特殊性.介绍了HEDP镀铜在工业化滚镀中的成功应用.评价了一价铜盐无氰碱铜初步试验的结果.     

Colour of Amontillado wines aged in two oak barrel types

The colour of 123 Amontillado wines from “Condado de Huelva” Designation of Origin, made from white grapes of the Zalema variety and slowly aged in different types of wood casks, has been studied. Colour differences due to different materials from which the casks were manufactured (Spanish and American oak wood) have been appreciated. Tristimulus methods have been applied following the recommendations of the International Commission on Illumination (CIE). Colour parameters (, , , , h _ab10) from CIELAB space and saturation () from CIELUV space have been used for calculus. The results indicated differences for lightness and saturation, which allows one to establish the areas of predominant colour for the characterisation of the colour of this type of wines. Multivariate statistical analysis demonstrated that different groups of selected variables give similar results, meaning that the wines aged in American oak barrels and Spanish oak barrels show significant (p<0.05) differences in colour variables. Three supervised learning methods, classification tree, linear discriminant analysis and back-propagation artificial neural network, have been applied for distinguishing between classes.     

橡木桶陈酿对红葡萄酒抗氧化性的影响

采用2,2'-联氮-双-3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸（ABTS）方法动态监测经橡木桶陈酿和未经橡木桶陈酿的红葡萄酒的反应过程,比较在测定其抗氧化活性的反应条件上的差异,从而确定适合检测的最佳反应条件,并分析橡木桶陈酿对红葡萄酒中酚类物质含量和抗氧化活性的影响。结果表明,ABTS方法测定经橡木桶陈酿的红葡萄酒抗氧化活性的最佳反应时间范围是240～280 min,最佳稀释比例范围为1∶100～2∶100,未经橡木桶陈酿的最佳反应时间范围是220～260 min,最佳稀释比例范围是3∶100～4∶100,此条件下各因素与自由基清除率的线性关系R2均＞0.999。试验证明,采用合适的检测方法测定不同陈酿方式酒的抗氧化活性有利于提高检测效率和准确性,经橡木桶陈酿过的红葡萄酒中的酚类物质含量和抗氧化活性更高。     

Estimating teat canal cross-sectional area to determine the effects of teat-end and mouthpiece chamber vacuum on teat congestion

The primary objective of this experiment was to assess the effect of mouthpiece chamber vacuum on teat-end congestion. The secondary objective was to assess the interactive effects of mouthpiece chamber vacuum with teat-end vacuum and pulsation setting on teat-end congestion. The influence of system vacuum, pulsation settings, mouthpiece chamber vacuum, and teat-end vacuum on teat-end congestion were tested in a 2 × 2 factorial design. The low-risk conditions for teat-end congestion (TEL) were 40 kPa system vacuum (Vs) and 400-ms pulsation b-phase. The high-risk conditions for teat-end congestion (TEH) were 49 kPa Vs and 700-ms b-phase. The low-risk condition for teat-barrel congestion (TBL) was created by venting the liner mouthpiece chamber to atmosphere. In the high-risk condition for teat-barrel congestion (TBH) the mouthpiece chamber was connected to short milk tube vacuum. Eight cows (32 quarters) were used in the experiment conducted during 0400 h milkings. All cows received all treatments over the entire experimental period. Teatcups were removed after 150 s for all treatments to standardize the exposure period. Calculated teat canal cross-sectional area (CA) was used to assess congestion of teat tissue. The main effect of the teat-end treatment was a reduction in CA of 9.9% between TEL and TEH conditions, for both levels of teat-barrel congestion risk. The main effect of the teat-barrel treatment was remarkably similar, with a decrease of 9.7% in CA between TBL and TBH conditions for both levels of teat-end congestion risk. No interaction between treatments was detected, hence the main effects are additive. The most aggressive of the 4 treatment combinations (TEH plus TBH) had a CA estimate 20% smaller than for the most gentle treatment combination (TEL plus TBL). The conditions designed to impair circulation in the teat barrel also had a deleterious effect on circulation at the teat end. This experiment highlights the importance of elevated mouthpiece chamber vacuum on teat-end congestion and resultant decreases in CA.     

身管与弹丸的熔融磨损模型与研究

针对身管的烧蚀磨损会制约武器的进一步发展的问题,提出一种身管与弹丸的熔融磨损的计算方法。通过分析管与弹丸发生熔融磨损过程,将摩擦学和流体力学相关理论运用到身管与弹丸的高温、高速摩擦作用中,建立了身管与弹丸的熔融磨损模型,推导出了熔融润滑状态下的熔化液熔化速度、熔化液厚度及摩擦系数的计算公式,并以某加农炮为例对所建模型进行理论计算与分析。计算结果表明：该方法较好地符合了现有的摩擦学理论,为深入研究身管武器的烧蚀磨损机理提供了理论基础。     

离心式滚磨光整加工钛合金的数值模拟分析

目的研究离心式滚磨光整加工对钛合金表层残余应力场的影响。方法利用有限元分析软件ABAQUS建立了加工过程中磨块碰撞TC4钛合金材料的三维有限元模型,对碰撞过程中的能量变化、材料应变及不同光整参数对工件表面残余应力场分布规律的影响进行分析,对比碳化硅磨块与氧化铝的加工效果。结果磨块参数对残余压应力峰值影响显著,但对其出现的位置影响不大。与碳化硅磨块相比,氧化铝磨块更适合于加工钛合金。结论有限元模拟可以探讨磨块碰撞作用下钛合金材料残余应力场的分布规律,优化滚磨光整加工钛合金的工艺参数。碰撞模拟证明,氧化铝磨块更适用于钛合金材料的滚磨光整加工。     

某型自动榴弹发射器身管铬层厚度研究

为解决某型35 mm自动榴弹发射器身管铬层设计存在合格率低和生产成本高的问题,对其身管铬层厚度进行研究。找出身管铬层厚度设计的缺陷,对其进行深入分析,提出将身管铬层厚度进行调整的方法,并以大量试验进行验证。结果表明:该方法既能缩短生产时间,降低镀铬溶液、水、电、气等物质消耗和生产成本,还能提高生产效率以及产品的合格率。     

SYZX75绳索取心液动锤加长岩心管的应用

主要介绍了SYZX75绳索取心液动锤配套加长岩心管在破碎岩层中的使用效果及使用该钻具的经验体会.     

橡胶在销钉机筒挤出机中的流动分析

建立了销钉机筒挤出机的非牛顿流体流动模型,并计算出压力场、流动场和螺杆的特性曲线,结果表明,随着流体非牛顿特性的增强,螺杆的生产能力降低;随着螺杆螺槽上切口的增多,逆流增多,挤出产量降低,机筒上的销钉对挤出特性影响很小,销钉式挤出机的挤出特性与螺杆上有切口的挤出机的挤出特性相似。