Confocal laser scanning microscopy and immunohistochemistry of cerebellar Lugaro cells

The present paper shows by means of confocal laser scanning microscopy the immunoreactivity of rat cerebellar Lugaro cells for calbindin, synapsin-I, PSD-95, GluR1, CaMKII alpha, and N-cadherin. Lugaro cells were easily characterized by their location beneath Purkinje cells. Calbindin revealed immunoreactivity in the cell body, and the axonal and dendritic processes. Synapsin-I labelled the presynaptic endings on Lugaro cells. Synapsin-I and PSD-95 immunoreactivity demonstrated the localization of presynaptic and postsynaptic endings surrounding cell soma, corresponding to afferent extrinsic and intrinsic cerebellar fi bers. GluR1 immunoreactivity of the soma and cell processes indicates that Lugaro cells have functional ionotropic glutamate receptors that regulate calcium levels. CaMKII alpha immunoreactivity of Lugaro cell soma and processes suggest its participation as a molecular switch for long-term information storage, and serving as a molecular basis of long-term synaptic memory. N-cadherin immunoreactivity was correlated with somato-somatic and somato-dendritic junctions between Lugaro cells and their synaptic connections.     

约束应力对AD95陶瓷动态硬度的影响

以商用AD95氧化铝陶瓷为研究对象,在不同约束应力下测试材料的动态、静态压痕硬度,同时观察动态、静态压痕的形貌照片以及压痕横截面照片.研究结果表明,AD95陶瓷的动态压痕硬度高于静态,且随着约束应力提高二者均不断增大;约束应力越大,动态硬度提高越明显.因为高应变率条件下的惯性效应和约束应力的耦合作用,使裂纹扩展严重滞后,材料变形抗力大幅提高,动态硬度迅速增加.     

激光多层熔覆FGH95高温合金的显微组织

利用激光多层熔覆工艺制出表面平整无变形的FGH95高温合金样品.样品截面呈层片状结构,显微组织为胞状树枝晶,熔池不同部位的晶粒取向不同.γ′强化相呈岛状或链状弥散分布于γ枝晶晶界处.合金的主要成分在截面上均匀分布,无明显偏析.样件显微硬度为430～540 HV0.2,基本达到FGH95热等静压件的水平.     

汽车加速踏板科学定位实验研究

首次提出加速足椭圆及驾驶员正常子工作区概念。介绍汽车驾驶员P95加速足椭圆的测量、生成、定位和应用。该研究扩展了Ayoub的测量装置的功能和测量方阵,并扩展了Squires、Farley和Das关于正常工作区域的概念。该系列研究可能对其它陆路、水域或空中运行机具驾驶员工作设计产生积极影响。     

用S95标准研究装饰布企业MES中的调度

介绍制造执行系统(MES)和S95标准,分析装饰布企业生产调度的特点和两种调度模式,以“企业成本最小化”为调度性能指标建立了数学模型。     

协同设计中基于SP95标准的产品信息模型研究

为了弥补协同设计中产品信息建模对企业内管控集成研究的不足,提出了使用管控系统间集成通用标准SP95进行产品建模.通过分析协同设计环境对产品信息模型的要求,比较了SP95与产品模型数据交换标准在产品信息建模的利弊,探讨了基于SP95的产品模型在协同设计中应用的可行性和必要性,同时阐明了SP95的广阔应用前景和局限性.最后,结合线束行业协同设计的需求,在详细分析线束数据的基础上,建立了基于SP95标准的产品信息模型,并对提出的理论进行了实证.     

C90油管钢的氢损伤

对比研究了三种油管钢（宝钢的Ｃ９０和日本的ＳＭ９０及ＳＭ９５）的氢致开裂性能．ＳＭ９０，ＳＭ９５和Ｃ９０产生氢损伤的临界扩散氢质量分数（×１０~（－６））分别为１．７６，４．３和８．３８；临界全氢质量分数（×１０~（－６））分别为４．２４，６．３５和１０．２２三种钢在Ｈ_２Ｓ中的门槛应力σ_（ｔｈ）／σ_ｓ分别为０．６４，０．８０和０．８５．三种油管钢抗氢损伤能力和抗氢致滞后断裂的能力是一致的，以Ｃ９０为最好，它和氢的扩散系数无关．Ｃ９０钢缺口试样氢致滞后断裂门槛值Ｋ_（ＩＨ）与可扩散的氢质量分数ｗ_０有关，实验获得Ｋ_（ＩＨ）＝４６－１２．５１ｌｎ_（ｗ０）．理论分析和实验结果完全一致．对Ｃ９０钢，当ｗ_０≤４．８×１０－６时，在任何Ｋ_Ｉ／Ｋ_Ｃ下均将获得韧窝断口；ｗ_０≥７．６×１０~（－６），Ｋ_Ｉ／Ｋ_Ｃ≥０．５时，则氢致韧断；Ｋ_Ｉ／Ｋ_Ｃ≤０．４时，则氢致脆断．     

粉末Rene＇95高温合金中项链组织的形成

对氩气雾化镍基高温合金Ｒｅｎｅ＇９５粉末进行液相烧结加等温锻造组合工艺处理，该工艺不但避免了热等静压密实化产生的原粉末颗粒边界碳化物问题，还可获得项链组织．     

Relative survival of Bacillus subtilis spores loaded on filtering facepiece respirators after five decontamination methods

This study determines the relative survival (RS) of Bacillus subtilis spores loaded on an N95 filtering facepiece respirator (FFR) after decontamination by five methods under worst‐case conditions. Relative survival was obtained by testing after decontamination and after storing the FFRs at 37°C and 95% relative humidity for 24 hours. The decontamination methods involved ethanol, bleach, ultraviolet irradiation (UVA 365 nm, UVC 254 nm), an autoclave, and a traditional electric rice cooker (TERC) that was made in Taiwan. Without decontamination, 59 ± 8% of the loaded spores survived for 24 hours. When 70% ethanol was added to the N95 FFR at a packing density of 0.23, the RS was 73 ± 5% initially and decayed to 22 ± 8% in 24 hours. Relative survival remained above 20% after 20 minutes of UVA irradiation. The other four decontamination measures achieved 99%‐100% biocidal efficacy, as measured immediately after the methods were applied to the test FFRs. Relative survival is a useful parameter for measuring sterilization or degree of disinfection. Bleach, UVC, an autoclave, and a TERC provide better biocidal efficacy than ethanol and UVA. Not only a higher filter quality but also a lower value of RS produced the most decontaminated FFR.     

Do economic regulatory agencies matter to private-sector involvement in water utilities in developing countries?

This paper suggests that, for developing countries, the creation of economic regulatory agencies, separate from the ministry in charge of water and sanitation, may not be a necessary or sufficient condition to stimulate large scale private involvement (PPPs) in the sector. The odds of an impact are higher for Latin American countries than other regions and for countries with higher income levels. They are also better when inflation is high. At the margin, the odds are unrelated to the contract type, except for greenfield projects, for which they may be contraindicated.