Effect of permanent magnet stirring on internal quality of steel

Permanent magnet stirring (PMS) featuring low power dissipation and high-intensity magnetic field was investigated as a means of decreasing internal solidification defects. In this study, the magnetic Taylor number (Ta) was used to quantify the melt ?ow. Initial research of PMS involved a laboratory study of the solidification of Sn–20 wt-% Pb alloy. An industrial plant trial with continuously cast tire cord steel confirmed that PMS, in accord with the laboratory findings, produced an improvement in central cavities in the cast product. Moreover, it was established that PMS is an alternative method for reducing carbon macrosegregation in tire cord steel billets with different section sizes. It was also found that PMS (Ta?=?8.97?×?10⁷) was more effective for improving central carbon macrosegregation of tire cord steel than electromagnetic stirring (Ta?=?6.33?×?10⁷) due to the larger Ta related to the driven-flow intensity of the residual melt.     

Noise reduction of ultrasonic Doppler velocimetry in liquid metal experiments with high magnetic fields

The last decades have seen a number of liquid metal experiments on the interaction of magnetic fields with the flow of electrically conducting fluids. The opaqueness of liquid metals requires non-optical methods for inferring the velocity structure of the flow. Quite often, such experiments are carried out in the presence of high electrical currents to generate the necessary magnetic fields. Depending on the specific purpose, these currents can reach several kiloamperes. The utilized switching mode power supply can then influence seriously the measurement system by electromagnetic interference. A recent experiment on the azimuthal magnetorotational instability (AMRI) has shown that a hydrodynamically stable Taylor–Couette flow becomes unstable under the influence of a high azimuthal magnetic field. An electrical current along the axis of the experiment with up to 20 kA generates the necessary field to destabilize the flow. We present experimental results of this AMRI experiment carried out at the PROMISE facility with an enhanced power supply. For this setup, we discuss the elaborate measures that were needed to obtain a reasonable signal-to-noise ratio of the ultrasonic Doppler velocimetry (UDV) system. In dependence on various parameter variations, some typical features of the observed instability, such as the energy content, the wavelength, and the frequency are analyzed and compared with theoretical predictions.     

Flow visualization in an annulus between co-axis rotating cylinders with a circular jet on stationary outer cylinder

This work experimentally investigated the effects of jet flow and flow outlet configuration on the fluid flow in an annulus between co-axis rotating cylinders. By using the incense and the laser light, smoke flow visualization in a rotating annulus can be obtained. Firstly, the flow behavior in a rotating annular without jet flow and flow outlet was investigated. When Taylor number (Ta) exceeded 1708, the well-known Taylor vortices were successfully observed. Subsequently, the flow characteristics in a rotating annular with a jet flow and various flow outlet configurations were investigated. The circle jet nozzle was located at the middle position of the stationary outer cylinder. In addition, two flow outlet configurations were employed. One was the model of single outlet at the right side of the annulus, the other was the model of double outlets at both side of the annulus. The jet Reynolds number (Re) was 1351. The Taylor number (Ta) varied from 545 to 24,217. When the impinging force and the inertia force from the jet flow interacted with the Coriolis force and the centrifugal force due to rotation, the fluid flow should become very complicated. The experimental results indicated that the rapid rotation broke the original stream line of the jet flow. On the other hand, when the jet flow turned 90° to be the axial flow, it would suppress the onset of Taylor vortices. Finally, fixing the Re and Ta, the model of single outlet more suppressed the onset of Taylor vortices than the model of double outlets did.     

Calculation of exponential integrals of real order

In a previous paper a numerical method was presented for the generalized exponential integral function E _v (x), (x>0, v?R), of interest for applications in astrophysics and nuclear physics in a general treatment context of this function. In the present work, we are mainly concerned with numerical features, above all as regards the relevant computational procedure and execution. Comparisons performed by means of a different algorithm ensure efficiency of the evaluation technique and the corresponding implementation, ERA, whose accuracy is confirmed by the results of the related error analysis.     

A closed-form expanded autocorrelation method for frequency estimation of a sinusoid

A closed-form expanded autocorrelation method for real single-tone frequency estimation is proposed. Firstly, the modified covariance (MC) method based on multiple autocorrelation lags is applied to provide a coarse frequency estimate. Then, a closed-form adjustment term based on a least square cost function is derived to get the fine frequency estimate. Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed algorithm, when compared with several existing closed-form time-domain estimators, is closer to the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB). Moreover, the proposed method has lower computation complexity than other autocorrelation-based approaches, which also use multiple autocorrelation lags.     

A new hybrid boundary node method based on Taylor expansion and the Shepard interpolation method

A novel meshless method based on the Shepard and Taylor interpolation method (STIM) and the hybrid boundary node method (HBNM) is proposed. Based on the Shepard interpolation method and Taylor expansion, the STIM is developed to construct the shape function of the HBNM. In the STIM, the Shepard shape function is used as the basic function, which is the zero‐level shape function, and the high‐power basic functions are constructed through Taylor expansion. Four advantages of the STIM are the interpolation property, the arbitrarily high‐order consistency, the absence of inversion for the whole process of shape function construction, and the low computational expense. These properties are desirable in the implementation of meshless methods. By combining the STIM and the HBNM, a much more effective meshless method is proposed to solve the elasticity problems. Compared with the traditional HBNM, the STIM can improve accuracy because of the use of high‐power basic functions and can also improve the computational efficiency because there is no inversion for the shape function construction process. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Upgrading Computational Design

Shajay Bhooshan heads up the computation and design ZHACODE group at Zaha Hadid Architects (ZHA) and is a course master at the Architectural Association Design Research Laboratory (AADRL). Here he argues that Parametricism 2.0 has a vital role to play in the progressing of computational design. Assimilating the exploratory developments of the last 15 years, he asserts how the next phase of Parametricism will enable a further consolidation and evolution of digital practices.     

一维量子点阵列的自旋链上信息传输

基于紧束缚模型的实空间格点组成的一维线性均匀有序的量子点阵列为研究对象,然后利用演化算符的作用使其在量子点阵列的自旋链上进行单量子比特的信息传输。即使用演化算符 使单比特量子态从量子点阵列起始端为多粒子态 传输到末端态为 ,最后在此基础上计算概率来讨论了单量子比特能从起始端的多粒子态 的第一个量子比特完全传输到态 的末端第N个量子比特是可能的。     

基于边缘像元投影的微小轴承亚像素边缘检测

对于微小轴承的内径测量,基于机器视觉的非接触测量技术具有广阔的应用前景。针对轴承的边缘像素点,投影将感光像元划分成感光值不同的两个部分,像素单元的最终灰度值为投影两侧局部灰度统计值的面积加权平均值,取该像素的矩形邻域,并对其邻域灰度值进行高斯加权处理,将边缘投影按泰勒公式展开为二次曲线得到高精度亚像素边缘。针对微小轴承进行实验,将本文算法与基于直线拟合的方法进行比较,每毫米包括约217.18个像素,检测的圆度提高0.04%以上,标准差减少不少于7.27%,因此可更准确获取微小轴承内径的亚像素边缘。