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101.
102.
变水量空调二次泵供水系统效率优化策略研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目前空调二次泵供水系统的节能主要采用变流量调节技术,改变流量的方法除台数控制外还有泵的变速调节.随着变频技术的发展.采用变频调速泵不仅调节范围大且节能效益高.为了使空调供水系统更好地节能,确定二次泵变频调速运行的高效区,采用始终约束二次泵工作在其高效区,使泵运行轴功率最小化的建模方法,根据非线性规划建立二次泵效率优化模型.通过模型求解,给出二次泵在不同配置方式下的效率优化策略.该策略是实时的,能够满足不同条件下优化运行的要求,通过对定速泵的台数控制及变频调速泵的速度调节达到节能的目的,控制方法简单,节能效果明显.该策略对二次泵的控制具有指导意义. 相似文献
103.
MEMS-based gas flow sensors 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Yu-Hsiang Wang Chang-Pen Chen Chih-Ming Chang Chia-Pin Lin Che-Hsin Lin Lung-Ming Fu Chia-Yen Lee 《Microfluidics and nanofluidics》2009,6(3):333-346
Micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) devices integrate various mechanical elements, sensors, actuators, and electronics
on a single silicon substrate in order to accomplish a multitude of different tasks in a diverse range of fields. The potential
for device miniaturization made possible by MEMS micro-fabrication techniques has facilitated the development of many new
applications, such as highly compact, non-invasive pressure sensors, accelerometers, gas sensors, etc. Besides their small
physical footprint, such devices possess many other advantages compared to their macro-scale counterparts, including greater
precision, lower power consumption, more rapid response, and the potential for low-cost batch production. One area in which
MEMS technology has attracted particular attention is that of flow measurement. Broadly speaking, existing micro-flow sensors
can be categorized as either thermal or non-thermal, depending upon their mode of operation. This paper commences by providing
a high level overview of the MEMS field and then describes some of the fundamental thermal and non-thermal micro-flow sensors
presented in the literature over the past 30 years or so. 相似文献
104.
Biomechanical evaluation of bike power saver 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Shan G 《Applied ergonomics》2008,39(1):37-45
Bike power saver (BPS) is a new product that claims to change the angle of pedaling forces and reduce applied power dead range (Chic Sheng Industrial Co., Ltd, Taiwan, China). In order to determine its effectiveness, we quantified how BPS operates through a 3D kinematical study and electromyography (EMG) analysis of leg muscles during pedaling. Ten kinesiology students participated in this study. A 3D motion capture system consisting of nine high-speed cameras (VICON v8i, a capture rate of 120 frames/s) was used to collect the total body and pedal motion with and without BPS at statically determined low, middle and high intensity cycling levels. The short-time test (14s) was applied to all intensity levels while the long-time test (30 min) was applied only to the low wattage level. Wireless EMG was synchronized with the 3D motion capture system to monitor the right and left tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius, quadriceps and hamstring. The results revealed that BPS did not alter hip and knee movement significantly (p>0.05), but it did vary ankle movement. BPS caused a movement change in the pedals, and consequently induced instability in ankle control. The altered pedal movement led to an increase in activity level and presumably also energy expenditure for dominant muscles, resulting in a faster fatigue process. From these data, it is likely that the BPS actually requires more effort than a standard bike. 相似文献
105.
平流层飞艇热性能分析软件开发 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为减少平流层飞艇的设计周期和设计试验经费,清晰准确地反映出平流层飞艇空间轨迹和温度场分布以及各种不同因素对轨迹和温度场分布的影响,自主开发了平流层飞艇热性能分析软件.通过建立平流层飞艇运动和热特性模型,利用VC++编程环境,对平流层飞艇在不同输入状态下的上升、浮空、下降过程中的轨迹和温度进行数值仿真,并利用图形显示界面进行显示.软件设计包括参数输入、中间计算和性能分析三个部分.软件将输出结果存储到ACCESS数据库中,增强了数据的可读性和交互性.从软件的运行结果反映出该软件涵盖面广、数据可靠、操作方便、界面生动等特点,达到预期设计目标. 相似文献
106.
This study deals with the synthesis of the Ti2AlC phase using the Electro-Thermal Explosion under Pressure with Confinement (ETEPC) technique. The effects of the ETEPC technique and the milling process parameters on the TiCx phase content and the formation mechanism of the Ti2AlC phase were investigated. The latter is mainly affected by the morphology of the powder mixture and aluminum melted amount. The optimization of the above parameters allowed the achievement of the desired reaction, leading to the formation of the Ti2AlC phase with a purity of about 97?wt%. The results clearly demonstrate that the ETEPC process enables one to control both time and material synthesis temperature. 相似文献
107.
This article proposed for the first time the method of the low-speed wire electrical discharge turning (LS-WEDT) combined with the multiple cutting strategy to fabricate carbon steel micro-rods. First, the rotating apparatus submerged in working fluid is designed and manufactured to enable the low-speed wire electrical discharge machine to generate cylindrical geometries. Besides, material removal rate, surface roughness, and machining precision of the micro-rod manufactured by the LS-WEDT are, respectively, investigated. Moreover, the surface microstructure and surface chemical reaction of micro-rods are characterized using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy analysis. Experimental results display that the micro-rod of 70?µm diameter and 1000?µm length can be successfully fabricated. More importantly, the mean absolute diameter deviation of the micro-rod fabricated by LS-WEDT is 0.65?µm and the surface roughness is 0.53?µm, which identified the high machining precision and good surface quality of the micro-rod. 相似文献
108.
Nan Sun Quan‐Ping Zhang Hao‐Ran Sun Wen‐Bin Yang Yuan‐Lin Zhou Jiang‐Feng Song De‐Li Luo 《Advanced Engineering Materials》2018,20(2)
109.
《材料科学技术学报》2019,35(9):2064-2069
The thermal and environmental barrier coatings (T/EBC) are technologically important for advanced propulsion engine system. In this study, RE4Hf3O12 (RE=Ho, Er, Tm) with defect fluorite structure was investigated for potential use as top TBC layer. Dense pellets were fabricated via a hot pressing method and the mechanical and thermal properties were characterized. RE4Hf3O12 (RE=Ho, Er, Tm) possessed a high Vickers hardness of 11 GPa. The material retained high elastic modulus at elevated temperatures up to 1773 K, which made it attractive for high temperature application. The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of RE4Hf3O12 (RE = Ho, Er, Tm) laid in the range between 7 × 10−6 K−1 to 10 × 10−6 K−1 from 473 K to 1673 K. In addition, the rare earth hafnates exhibited lower thermal conductivity which rendered it a good candidate material for thermal barrier applications. 相似文献
110.
Multi-spectral fusion for surveillance systems 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Simon Denman Author Vitae Todd Lamb Author Vitae Author Vitae Vinod Chandran Author Vitae Author Vitae 《Computers & Electrical Engineering》2010,36(4):643-663
Surveillance systems such as object tracking and abandoned object detection systems typically rely on a single modality of colour video for their input. These systems work well in controlled conditions but often fail when low lighting, shadowing, smoke, dust or unstable backgrounds are present, or when the objects of interest are a similar colour to the background. Thermal images are not affected by lighting changes or shadowing, and are not overtly affected by smoke, dust or unstable backgrounds. However, thermal images lack colour information which makes distinguishing between different people or objects of interest within the same scene difficult.By using modalities from both the visible and thermal infrared spectra, we are able to obtain more information from a scene and overcome the problems associated with using either modality individually. We evaluate four approaches for fusing visual and thermal images for use in a person tracking system (two early fusion methods, one mid fusion and one late fusion method), in order to determine the most appropriate method for fusing multiple modalities. We also evaluate two of these approaches for use in abandoned object detection, and propose an abandoned object detection routine that utilises multiple modalities. To aid in the tracking and fusion of the modalities we propose a modified condensation filter that can dynamically change the particle count and features used according to the needs of the system.We compare tracking and abandoned object detection performance for the proposed fusion schemes and the visual and thermal domains on their own. Testing is conducted using the OTCBVS database to evaluate object tracking, and data captured in-house to evaluate the abandoned object detection. Our results show that significant improvement can be achieved, and that a middle fusion scheme is most effective. 相似文献