纳米TiO2复合粉体的制备及吸收光谱研究

对纳米锐钛矿型TiO2进行了稀土元素铈的负载，同时加入电气石粉体，制备出掺杂硝酸铈、电气石的纳米锐钛矿型TiO2复合粉体，借助X射线衍射、扫描电子娃微镜对复合粉体进行了表征，并用紫外分光光度计对它的吸收光谱进行分析。结果发现，复合粉体形成了以电气石为核心的TiO2微粒簇，其中TiO2微粒具有阶梯层状结构和表面纳米凸起；样品的吸光度随电气石的添加量而有很大区别，适当添加量的电气石能使TiO2的吸光能力增强、光谱响应范围拓宽。     

新型含芴Schiff碱化合物的合成及其紫外-可见光谱性能研究

通过9-芴甲醛与相应的芳胺衍生物反应合成了两种新型含芴Schiff碱化合物:9-亚甲基19-亚(2-氨基芴)基芴和9-亚甲基-9-亚(2-甲基苯胺)基芴,其结构经核磁共振谱、红外光谱和质谱表征.吸收光谱法测定了两种含芴Schiff碱衍生物在乙醇、四氢呋喃、环己烷和氯仿中的最大吸收波长(λmax),并探讨了分子结构和溶剂...     

Characterisation of medieval yellow silver stained glass from Convento de Cristo in Tomar, Portugal

Yellow decoration effects in stained glasses using silver staining were first applied in the beginning of the 14th century. The glass piece being decorated was usually painted on its side intended to be facing the exterior environment, and then fired to temperatures between 500 and 650 °C, resulting in colours ranging from pale lemon to deep orange. Stained glass fragments painted by this process and belonging to the Convento de Cristo, in Tomar, Portugal, were characterised using micro-PIXE, and complemented with other analytical techniques, namely UV-Vis spectroscopy and XRF. Preliminary analysis showed that a mixture of Ag and Cu was used for the production of the yellow staining.In order to understand this staining process and the influence of the firing temperature on the resulting colours, several soda and potash glasses with compositions similar to those of medieval glasses were produced and characterised. The role played by the addition of Cu in the final colours was also investigated.     

TiO2 nanofibre-assisted photodecomposition of Rhodamine B from aqueous solution

Using liquid phase deposition method on cellulose substrate, TiO₂ nanofibres were prepared with TiCl₄ as a precursor. TiO₂ nanofibres were obtained after heat treatment of the cellulose template. The remaining product was composed of micron-size TiO₂ fibres with a nanofiber microstructure. It is shown that nanofibres are formed through the aggregation of TiO₂ nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction analysis of the as-prepared solution indicates the formation of crystalline TiO₂ anatase phase. EDX analysis was employed to measure the adsorbed mass of TiO₂ on cellulose substrate. The effect of deposition time on the growth and morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Transmission electron microscopy studies demonstrate fine microstructures composed of 10–15?nm?nanoparticles. Surface area of the TiO₂ fibres, measured by Brunauer, Emmett and Teller analysis, was about 104?m²?g^?1. Photodegradation of Rhodamine B as a standard dye shows that the prepared samples have a high photocatalytic activity due to large surface area.     

基于DFT和UV-Vis的金丝桃苷印迹相互作用分析

为提高金丝桃苷(HYP)印迹效率,通过密度泛函理论(DFT)和紫外-可见光吸收光谱(UV-Vis)实验法对HYP、丙烯酰胺(AM)、衣康酸(IA)及其不同摩尔比例的HYP-AM和HYP-IA复合物进行理论计算和紫外光谱的测定,使用分子静电势(MEP)预测HYP、AM和IA的印迹活性位点,探讨HYP和AM(IA)分子间相互作用的印迹机理。结果表明:HYP中O11可与AM中H9(或H10)以及IA中H2(或H15)形成强氢键作用,而O12—H13、O15—H16、O25—H26、O27—H28、O41—H42、O44—H45、O47—H48、O52—H53可与AM中O7以及IA中O4(或O13)形成强氢键作用。HYP-AM和HYP-IA复合物系统的高摩尔比可以增加复合物的总相互作用能量。通过筛选不同功能单体可以增强活性位点之间的相互作用强度。HYP与AM(IA)之间发生的强氢键作用导致Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ吸收峰发生红移,同时验证了DFT理论计算的准确性。HYP-AM和HYP-IA复合物的最优印迹比分别为n(HYP)∶n(AM)=1∶8和n(HYP)∶n(IA)=1∶7,且HYP-IA比HYP-AM的相互作用力更强,IA是更好的功能单体。     

Structural and Spectroscopic Characterizations of ZnO Quantum Dots Annealed at Different Temperatures

Here, we report the synthesis and characterizations of sol-gel derived zinc oxide （ZnO） quantum dots （QDs） using zinc acetate dihydrate （Zn（CH3COO）2.2H20） and lithium hydroxide monohydrate （LiOH.H20） as raw material. The as-prepared ZnO QDs was annealed at different temperature （400, 700, and 900 ℃） and the structural, optical properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, high resolution transmission electron microscopy （HRTEM）, UV-Vis and photoluminescence （PL） spectroscopy. The powder XRD patterns of the obtained samples showed the formation of single-phase wurtzite structure and the morphological changes have been observed with increasing annealing temperature. In the absorption spectra, the optical band gap of nanocrystalline ZnO QDs decreased from 3.18 to 3.11 eV and the particle size increased with increasing temperature. In the PL spectra, a broad green emission peak related to defect levels in the visible range of the spectra have been recorded.     

稀土元素Ho掺杂TiO_2光催化剂的制备、表征及光催化性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了具有较高光催化活性的稀土元素掺杂TiO2光催化剂。用紫外-可见漫反射光谱对产品进行了表征,结果显示在可见光区凸现一个吸收峰。以孔雀石绿为底物进行光催化降解反应,从脱色率指标评价了样品在不同温度、不同Ho掺杂量、不同底物浓度时产品的光催化活性。结果表明,在光催化降解孔雀石绿的试验中,温度为25℃,底物浓度为20mg/L时,掺杂摩尔分数为0.3%的Ho-TiO2样品表现出较好的光催化活性。     

靛蓝磺化物还原隐色和氧化脱色的薄层光谱电化学研究

自制长光程薄层电化学池,对靛蓝磺化物(IC)的还原隐色和氧化脱色过程及其逆过程进行循环伏安和双电势阶跃UV-Vis光谱电化学测量。结果表明,IC在不至过低的电势下(-1.0VvsAg/AgCl/饱和KCl),可通过2e-/2H+可逆反应还原为隐色体,其逆向电氧化过程的速率常数大于电还原速率常数1个数量级以上;隐色体也可被溶解氧化学氧化,导致电还原效率降低。在IC的电氧化脱色方面,提出一种复杂的电化学-化学-电化学机理,氧化生成的中间体通过水解发生中心CC双键的断裂而转化为靛红磺酸,后者在1.0V以上的较高电势下进一步被不可逆电氧化降解为一系列小分子。     

表面活性剂对金属纳米材料的影响

金属纳米材料极易于形成尺寸可控的纳米晶,银纳米在一些明确定义的物理和化学属性方面的特殊应用强烈依赖于其尺寸、形状、表面形貌和化学组成.由于裸露的纳米颗粒表面积大,表面自由能高,颗粒极易发生团聚,稳定性差,因此需要采用不同的表面活性剂对纳米银的表面进行化学修饰,以提高其稳定性.