蛇形微通道气液两相流动特性

以空气、去离子水为实验工质,在θ=50°的Y型混合器内充分混合,利用高速摄像仪对当量直径177.8 μm的小曲率蛇形微通道进行可视化实验,对比了两种气液混合方式(上气下液型、上液下气型)下的流动特性。实验发现的主要流型有弹状流、波状分层流、弥散流等,对此分别研究了气弹的形状和长度、液膜厚度以及气流携带液滴的份额,并提出新的预测液滴含量的关联式。此外,针对这两种不同的混合方式,在弯道处发现圆弧可以诱导产生弹状流,二者均经历拉伸和断裂过程,区别在于后者在拉伸之前,先要进行膨胀。不同的气液混合方式对各相的流动会产生一定的影响,两相流体在通道壁面附近以及弯道处的分布也有所区别。     

Highly enhanced dielectric loss of MgO-doped Ba0.67Sr0.33TiO3 ceramics prepared by a non-contamination DCC-HVCI method

MgO-doped Ba_0.67Sr_0.33TiO₃ (BST) ceramics with uniform microstructure and enhanced dielectric loss were prepared by direct coagulation casting via high valence counter ions (DCC-HVCI) method. MgO was utilized as acceptor dopant as well as coagulating agent to release Mg²⁺ solidifying ceramic suspensions. Effect of sintering temperature and MgO doping content on microstructure and dielectric properties of BST ceramics was investigated. It was found that the loss tangent value (tan δ) decreased remarkably from 0.025 to 0.004 with increasing MgO concentration from 0.5 to 1.5 mol%. The 1.5 mol% MgO-doped BST ceramics processed high density of 99.5% and tan δ of 0.004 which is improved by 150% compared with that of dry-pressed samples. This improvement can be attributed to the ubiquitous distribution of MgO in BST ceramic matrix leading to the enhanced inhibitive effect. This paper provides a novel facial route to prepare high-performance functional ceramics with high reliability and low cost.     

固着纯组分液滴蒸发的研究综述

本文对固着纯组分液滴的蒸发研究现状进行了综合评述。介绍了固着液滴蒸发的恒接触半径模式、恒接触角模式及混合模式,分析了完全润湿和部分润湿两种固着液滴的蒸发过程及其特点,系统讨论固着液滴的蒸发动力学理论规律,并对固着液滴蒸发的实验研究进行了简要介绍。     

烟风道布置低温省煤器流场均匀性分析

随着电厂用煤价格不断升高,采用低温省煤器回收锅炉排烟余热成为节约能源的有效措施之一,而经过低温省煤器的流场均匀性是影响其换热效率的关键因素,本文通过数值模拟手段对烟风道加装导流板前后的流场均匀性进行对比,结果表明:增设导流板后对低温省煤器入口截面流场均匀性影响明显,其变异系数均降低到15%以下,本文研究为增设低温省煤器做后期施工设计具有一定指导意义.     

基于均匀设计的粒子群优化算法参数设定

粒子群优化算法的参数设置通常是依靠经验和试验来确定, 造成试验工作量大且难以得到最优的参 数组合, 影响了算法的使用。通过将粒子群优化算法基本模型的参数设定问题描述成均匀设计中多因素多水平的 试验设计, 从而能够用较少的试验很快设定算法参数的取值。仿真试验表明该方法的可行性和有效性。     

变电站接地网优化设计

在不等电位数学模型下,以网内最大接触电压差为目标函数,使用接地网工频参数计算软件得到了一种均匀土壤结构下接地网导体最优布置方案。优化结果表明,与DL/T621-1997中给出的接地网不等间距布置相比较,故障电流入地点处导体得到了充分利用,相应地减小了边缘导体泄漏电流,改善了土壤表面的电位分布,使接地系统的安全性得到明显提高。     

Optimization of extraction and determination of emodin from Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc. products by HPLC-DAD

A uniform experimental design procedure was used to investigate the effects of some operating parameters on the extraction of emodin from Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc. products. Variables tested were volume ratio of material to solvent, size of material, extraction time and temperature and composition of extraction solvent （mixtures of acetone-water）. Each variable was tested at seven levels; 7 experiments were performed in random order. Analyses of the extracts were performed by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection（HPLC-DAD）. Analytical responses were processed by using a forward regression analysis, in order to find polynomial function describing the relationship between variables and responses. For all the analytes the experimental conditions for providing the highest extraction yield inside the experimental domain considered were found. Finally, a simple, rapid and accurate analytical method was developed for the determination of emodin by high performance liquid chromatography. The separation is achieved within 25 rain on an ODS column using methanol and water as gradient mobiles. Emodin can be quantified by using external standard method detecting at 436 nm. Good linearity is obtained with correlation coefficient exceeding 0.9986 and the detection limit and the quantification limit are 1.53 and 3.23 mg/L respectively. This method shows good reproducibility for the quantification of the emodin with intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviation less than 2.3% and 5.6% respectively. Under optimized extraction conditions, the recovery of the standard is 96.5%. The validated method is successfully applied to quantify the emodin in seven Polygonum cuspidatum sieb. Et zucc. products, which provided an idea for the pre-treatment of determination of active compounds in traditional Chinese medicines.     

具有无穷变量的双线性型的一致有界性

从Ｈｅｌｌｉｎｇｅｒ关于无穷实序列一定理出发，分别研究实域和复数域情况下无穷维变量的双线性形式，得到了一定条件下无穷维变量双线性型的一致有界性定理。     

Modeling for soft sensor systems and parameters updating online

Soft sensor technology is an important means to estimate important process variables in real-time. Modeling for soft sensor system is the core of this technology. Most nonlinear dynamic modeling methods integrate the processes of building the dynamic and static relationships between secondary and primary variables, which limits the estimation accuracy for primary variables. To avoid the problem, a kind of soft sensor model consisting of a dynamic model in cascade with a static one is proposed. The model identification and update online are conducted in substep way. In order to improve the model update efficiency, two improved Gauss–Newton recursive algorithms, which avoid nonsingular covariance matrix, are proposed for time-invariant and time-variant soft sensor systems. The uniform convergence for dynamic model parameter and the existence of estimation deviations for static model parameters are proved for time-invariant soft sensor system. The parameters of time-variant soft sensor system would be boundedly convergent. Case study confirms that, on the basis of the proposed model and recursive algorithms, the dynamic and static characteristics of soft sensor system can be described efficiently, and the primary variables are ensured to be estimated accurately.