In-plane cyclic behaviour of a new reinforced masonry system: Experimental results

This paper describes the behaviour under cyclic shear compression of an innovative reinforced masonry system, composed of horizontally perforated units, having common steel bars or prefabricated trusses as horizontal reinforcement. At the wall edges or crossings, confining columns for vertical reinforcement are built with vertically perforated units. Experimental tests to obtain information on the in-plane cyclic behaviour of the construction system were performed on masonry panels made of horizontally perforated units and on completed reinforced masonry walls. Tests on the entire system were repeated for two wall aspect ratios and two vertical stress levels, in order to force shear type and flexural behaviour. In particular, this paper presents: (a) results of shear compression tests in terms of strength, ductility parameters, energy dissipation, viscous damping and stiffness degradation, (b) strains and the effectiveness of reinforcement, (c) the influence of various parameters such as axial load, aspect ratio, and reinforcement type on the behaviour of the reinforced masonry walls, and (d) comparison of walls built with and without vertical reinforcement.     

带转向机构HCA在杭州湾跨海大桥斜拉索减振中的应用

杭州湾跨海大桥北航道桥为主跨448m的钻石型双塔双空间索面钢箱梁斜拉桥,通航净空为47m,按双向六车道高速公路设计,设计时速100km/h。为改善行车安全性,国内首次在栏杆外侧设置了风障(高度从近塔4.27m至远塔3.4m),为了确保整桥隽秀的景观前提下开发了带转向机构的拉索减振器,对全桥拉索进行了理论分析和安装减振器后的实桥测试。     

齐40块稠油油藏聚合物驱可行性室内实验研究

分别用人造岩心和人造均质平面模型，在实际油层条件下研究了辽河油田齐４０稠油油藏实施水驱及聚合物驱的室内驱油效率及驱替特征。在驱油实验中用核磁共振成象技术研究了稠油油藏水驱和聚合物驱的驱油机理。结果表明，在一定条件下，稠油油藏在蒸汽吞吐后实施聚合物驱是可行的；聚合物驱主要通过扩大波及范围和增加坟差来提高驱油效率，聚合物驱后仍有大量的残余油滞留在孔隙介质中。     

Laminar nanofluid flow in microheat-sinks

In response to the ever increasing demand for smaller and lighter high-performance cooling devices, steady laminar liquid nanofluid flow in microchannels is simulated and analyzed. Considering two types of nanofluids, i.e., copper-oxide nanospheres at low volume concentrations in water or ethylene glycol, the conjugated heat transfer problem for microheat-sinks has been numerically solved. Employing new models for the effective thermal conductivity and dynamic viscosity of nanofluids, the impact of nanoparticle concentrations in these two mixture flows on the microchannel pressure gradients, temperature profiles and Nusselt numbers are computed, in light of aspect ratio, viscous dissipation, and enhanced temperature effects. Based on these results, the following can be recommended for microheat-sink performance improvements: Use of large high-Prandtl number carrier fluids, nanoparticles at high volume concentrations of about 4% with elevated thermal conductivities and dielectric constants very close to that of the carrier fluid, microchannels with high aspect ratios, and treated channel walls to avoid nanoparticle accumulation.     

对拓宽油气资源领域的一点意见

我国油气工业的发展在于：①逆冲断裂带的勘探。②非构造类型油气藏的勘探，如岩性油藏、尖灭油藏、水动力油藏等。这两类领域的勘探要提高地球物理勘探工作的水平。③水合物天然气藏应给予足够的注意。国外开采特稠油油藏的经验要注意学习，为我所用。（秦同洛摘     

HNCY—2洗井液的研制与应用

介绍了一种用于稠油开采的HNCY-2洗井液的配方及性能,考察了表面活性剂及助剂浓度等因素对洗井液性能的影响,初步探讨了洗井液的洗油去污和防蜡机理。现场试验证明,HNCY-2洗井液对胶质沥青质的洗涤效果较好。与热水相比,HNCY-2洗井液具有较高的洗井效率和较长的有效期。     

注汽速度对蒸汽驱开采效果的影响

在对前人有关注汽速度方面的室内研究工作进行了重新分析后，发现试验获得的最佳注汽速度均大于１２０ｔ／ｄ。国个３６个蒸汽驱现场试验结果统计规律表明，蒸汽驱油汽比不仅与地质参数有关，而且与注汽速度密切相关。１５个注汽速度小于１１０ｔ／ｄ的蒸汽驱现场试验有１０个是失败的（以油汽比为０．１５为标准），只有５个是成功的，另外２１个注汽速度大于１２０ｔ／ｄ的蒸汽驱现场试验都是成功的，并且是现出注汽速度愈大油汽经     

稠油－碱水体系界面电性质研究

通过波长６００ｎｍ处透光率的测定研究了３种稠油在ＮａＯＨ水溶液中的乳化性能，测定了乳状液的ζ电位。透光率极小值和ζ电位极大值在同一碱浓度下出现。酸值较大的原油有较小的透光率和较大的ζ电位。在碱水中加入适量ＮａＣｌ可降低油水乳化所需的碱浓度，拓宽碱浓度范围。确定了ＮａＯＨ作为３种稠油驱替碱剂的最佳浓度和最佳含盐量。     

标准粘性边界法应用的限制

本文证明标准粘性边界法只有在平面波且波前方向垂直于边界时才是正确的,其它如球面波等情况均不成立。     

碱法造纸黑液在稠油开采中的应用研究

本文通过室内实验研究,证实碱法造纸黑液对稠油有明显的降粘作用,用降粘相图法考察了温度、稠油粘度、水的矿化度和不同来源的黑液对稠油降粘作用的影响,提出了用黑液使稠油降粘的工艺技术参数,作为油田试验的参考。由于不同造纸厂的黑液对不同油田的稠油都有好的降粘作用,因此黑液最好就近使用,以减少运输成本。