The influence of process-oriented organisational design on operational performance and innovation: a quantitative analysis in the financial services industry

Market competition requires that organisations excel at both operational performance and innovation. Though process orientation is intended to benefit operations in general, the impact of specific elements remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to identify the specific organisational design components of process orientation that simultaneously influence operational performance and innovation. We survey employees in the financial services sector (N = 1069) regarding the influence of six process-oriented organisation design components on operational performance and innovation using PLS-SEM. The results indicate that organisational structure and process improvement encourage both operational performance and innovation. Personal autonomy is partially beneficial, while the others have no joint influence on operational performance and innovation. This study is first in providing evidence regarding the influence of a broad variety of organisational design components of process orientation on operational performance and innovation. The study contributes to theory on how process orientation improves operational performance and innovation. The findings can serve as a guideline for managers and organisations as to which organisational design components should be implemented to improve operations.     

对弦的横振动方程的修正

以往对弦的横振动方程进行推导时,一般取其近似值,即很小。本文对角不是很小的情形推导出弦的横振动方程,从而更接近于实际。     

On the sensitivity of the linear state regulator†

The sensitivity of the optimal response of a linear system with quadratic performance index to changes in the weighting factors in the performance index is determined. This necessitates finding the sensitivity of the feedback gain matrix K to changes in the weighting factors. It is shown that the sensitivities of K can be obtained as the solution of a set of linear matrix differential equations. Further, for time-invariant systems and an infinite time interval, it is seen that the sensitivities of K are found more simply by solving a set of linear algebraic matrix equations.     

Model-order reduction for differential-algebraic equation systems with higher index

In this paper, a new model-order reduction (MOR) approach is presented for reducing large-scale differential-algebraic equation (DAE) systems with higher index. This approach is based upon the balanced truncation, single-point, and multi-point MOR methods. We decompose the DAE system into an ordinary differential equation (ODE) subsystem and a DAE subsystem. The DAE subsystem has the same index as the original DAE system. Then, the balanced truncation method is applied to the ODE subsystem. Both single-point and multi-point methods are used to reduce the DAE subsystem. In generally, the multi-point method can perform better than the single-point method across a wide-range of frequencies. Some numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.     

Fast group explicit algorithms for diffusion problems

In this paper fast algorithms based on the Group Explicit (GE) formula are derived and the implementation procedure described for the diffusion problem. The new algorithms have computational cost which is half that of the classical explicit method. Furthermore they are shown to be as accurate as the earlier methods with reduced stability problems.     

A 3D multi-grid algorithm for the Chan–Vese model of variational image segmentation

Variational segmentation models provide effective tools for image processing applications. Although existing models are continually refined to increase their capabilities, solution of such models is often a slow process, since fast methods are not immediately applicable to nonlinear problems. This paper presents an efficient multi-grid algorithm for solving the Chan–Vese model in three dimensions, generalizing our previous work on the topic in two dimensions, but this direct generalized method is low performance or unfeasible. So here, we first present two general smoothers for a nonlinear multi-grid method and then give our three new adaptive smoothers which can choose optimal a parameter of the smoothers automatically, also we analyse them using a local Fourier analysis and our theorem to inform how to obtain an optimal parameter and the best smoother selection. Finally, various advantages of our recommended algorithm are illustrated, using both synthetic and real images.     

Motivators of online vulnerability: The impact of social network site use and FOMO

Continued and frequent use of social network sites (SNS) has been linked to a fear of missing out (FOMO) and online self-promotion in the form of friending and information disclosure. The present paper reports findings from 506 UK based Facebook users (53% male) who responded to an extensive online survey about their SNS behaviours and online vulnerability. Structural equation modelling (SEM) suggests that FOMO mediates the relationship between increased SNS use and decreased self-esteem. Self-promoting SNS behaviours provide more complex mediated associations. Longitudinal support (N = 175) is provided for the notion that decreased self-esteem might motivate a potentially detrimental cycle of FOMO-inspired online SNS use. The research considers the implications of social networking on an individual's online vulnerability.     

A Comprehensive Comparison of the Analytical and Numerical Prediction of the Thermal History and Solidification Microstructure of Inconel 718 Products Made by Laser Powder-Bed Fusion

The finite-element (FE) model and the Rosenthal equation are used to study the thermal and microstructural phenomena in the laser powder-bed fusion of Inconel 718. A primary aim is to comprehend the advantages and disadvantages of the Rosenthal equation (which provides an analytical alternative to FE analysis), and to investigate the influence of underlying assumptions on estimated results. Various physical characteristics are compared among the FE model, Rosenthal equation, and experiments. The predicted melt pool shapes compared with reported experimental results from the literature show that both the FE model and the analytical (Rosenthal) equation provide a reasonably accurate estimation. At high heat input, under conditions leading to keyholing, the reported melt width is narrower than predicted by the analytical equation. Moreover, a sensitivity analysis based on choices of the absorptivity is performed, which shows that the Rosenthal approach is more sensitive to absorptivity, compared with the FE approach. The primary reason could be the effect of radiative and convective losses, which are assumed to be negligible in the Rosenthal equation. In addition, both methods predict a columnar solidification microstructure, which agrees well with experimental reports, and the primary dendrite arm spacing (PDAS) predicted with the two approaches is comparable with measurements.     

海相页岩TOC地震定量预测技术及其应用——以四川盆地焦石坝地区为例

总有机碳含量(TOC)是评价页岩生烃能力和页岩油气藏的一个重要指标,目前国内外利用地震资料直接定量预测TOC的报道很少,因此,有必要对地震预测TOC的方法作进一步的研究。为此,以四川盆地焦石坝地区为例,从岩心实测TOC出发,通过TOC与地球物理参数交会分析,寻找到TOC敏感地球物理参数——密度,并建立密度与TOC之间的最佳拟合方程,得到计算总有机碳含量的经验公式;结合叠前地震反演获得的密度体便可计算出TOC数据体,从而达到定量预测页岩TOC的目的。将改进的预测方法应用于四川盆地焦石坝地区海相页岩气勘探,结果表明:①利用叠前同时反演直接求得的密度体避免了累计误差,稳定性好,多解性少,结果可靠,为精细定量预测TOC提供了基础保证;②预测的TOC与实测结果吻合程度高,相对误差较小。结论认为,该技术在四川盆地海相页岩气勘探中具有广阔的应用前景。