MODBUS通信协议在现场水泥成分X荧光分析仪中的应用

首先对MODBUS通信协议进行了简单介绍，然后讨论了采用MODBUS通信协议的水泥成分X荧光分析仪是如何实现与水泥生产自动化总控制系统之间的数据传输的，由此达到控制水泥配料系统自动配料的目的。并给出了Visual C^ 下实现通讯的方法。     

纳米氧化锌的制备及其中红外、紫外可见光吸收特性

用均匀沉淀法制备了纳米氧化锌,通过反应条件和工艺参数的控制,得到了几种不同粒径分布范围的纳米级氧化锌粉体,并着重研究了这些不同粒径分布的粉体在中红外、紫外 可见光波段的吸收性能,并与普通氧化锌粉进行了对比,结果表明:纳米氧化锌在中红外频段与普通氧化锌的吸收能力相当;在可见光区,纳米氧化锌具有普通氧化锌不具备的高度透光性;而在紫外光区,纳米氧化锌具有很宽的吸收频段和优异的吸收性能,且随粒径的不同而出现变化,粒径分布在20～50nm之间,平均粒径为31nm时具有最佳紫外遮蔽性能;同时随粒径的减小,吸收峰发生蓝移。     

Growth and optical properties of Er,Yb:YAl3(BO3)4 crystal

Single crystal of erbium, ytterbium-codoped yttrium aluminum tetraborate Er,Yb:YAl₃(BO₃)₄(Er,Yb:YAB) has been grown by the flux method. The absorption spectrum in the visible and NIR regions of Er,Yb:YAl₃(BO₃)₄ crystal are measured at room temperature and fluorescence spectrum of Er,Yb:YAl₃(BO₃)₄ crystal are also measured at room temperature, excited by 976 nm laser. Not only the strong NIR emission peaks located at 1548 nm was observed, but also the visible up-conversion luminescence has been found. The specific heat of the Er/Yb:YAB crystal at room temperature is 0.81 J/g °C.     

Synthesis and characterization of thorium phosphate phases by spray pyrolysis: chemistry of thorium phosphates

This paper describes the synthesis of some thorium phosphate compounds with different Th/P ratio (1/2, 2/3 and 3/4) by a spray pyrolysis technique. The so-prepared rough compounds were annealed at different temperatures for 2 h and then analyzed by mainly X-ray diffraction on powder and infrared spectroscopy. Every rough compound is composed by very badly crystallized ThO₂ phase polluted by carbon residue. An annealing treatment at 800 °C leads to the thorium diphosphate phase, α-ThP₂O₇ in every case. At 900 °C, such a phase is decomposed into a thorium phosphate diphosphate phase (Th₄(PO₄)₄P₂O₇, called TPD). However, a thorium excess in the initial mixture (Th/P = 3/4) leads also to observe the ThO₂ phase. The TPD phase is stable up to 1200 °C and does not react with the ThO₂ compound. Beyond 1200 °C, the TPD phase is slowly decomposed into a thorium phosphate compound which should be a thorium oxide phosphate; this compound does not contain any diphosphate species.     

双十二烷基长链季铵盐吸附及渗透性能的研究

双季铵盐化合物是一种具有广阔应用前景的表面活性剂。以二氯乙醚为联接剂,利用脂肪叔胺合成了一种长链的双季铵盐类化合物(简称BQA),用交流阻抗、电子扫描显微镜等方法研究了BQA在Q235钢表面的吸附、缓蚀及对生物膜下硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)的杀灭机理。研究结果表明:在模拟油田水介质中BQA对碳钢具有较为显著的缓蚀作用,与传统杀菌剂相比具有更好的渗透杀菌性能。     

藏红T与DNA相互作用的电化学及紫外-可见光谱研究

利用循环伏安法研究了藏红T(ST)在玻碳电极上的电化学反应,结合紫外-可见光谱(UV／Vis)对藏红T与DNA的作用机理进行了研究,并通过测定藏红T对溴化乙锭-天然DNA体系的影响,以及天然DNA和变性DNA与藏红T作用的不同,得出藏红T与DNA发生类似溴化乙锭的嵌插作用的结论,形成了2ST-DNA结合物,结合常数为3.46×104L2·mol-2。     

Structural approach to nanoscience: a case study of complex and cluster formation in ZnBr2–ZnCl2 melts

Although the melt structure of glass-forming ZnCl₂ has so far been well studied, there exists quite little information on the structural change due to anion-substitution. In the present work, the short-range structure of ZnCl₂–ZnBr₂ mixture melts was analyzed systematically by time-of-flight pulsed neutron diffraction techniques, Raman spectroscopy, molecular orbital calculations, and molecular dynamics simulations. According to radial distribution analysis, it was found that there were tetrahedral structural units of ligand-substituted [ZnCl_nBr_4−n]²⁻ (n=0–4) in these melts, not implying the simple mixing of [ZnCl₄]²⁻ and [ZnBr₄]²⁻ units. Further detailed estimation indicated that the ligand-substituted complex anions were linked with each other by sharing a common anion.     

The effect of some instrument operating conditions on the x-ray microanalysis of particles in the environmental scanning electron microscope

The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the practical effects of electron beam broadening in the environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) on particle x-ray microanalysis and to determine some of the optimum operating conditions for this type of analysis. Four sets of experiments were conducted using a Faraday cage and particles of copper, glass, cassiterite, andrutile. The accelerating voltage and chamber pressure varied from 20 to 10 kV and from 665–66 Pa (5.0 to 0.5 torr), respectively. The standard gaseous secondary electron detectors (GSED) and the long environmental secondary dectectors (ESD) for the ESEM were evaluated at different working distances. The effect of these parameters on the presence of artifact peaks was evaluated. The particles were mounted on carbon tape on an aluminum specimen mount and were analyzed individually and as a mixture. Substrate peaks were present in almost all of the spectra. The presence of neighboring particle peaks and the number of counts in these depended upon the operating conditions. In general, few of these peaks were observed with the long ESD detector at 19 mm working distance and at low chamber pressures. More peaks and counts were observed with a deviation from these conditions. The most neighboring peaks and counts were obtained with the GSED detector at 21.5 mm working distance, 10 kV accelerating voltage, and 665 Pa (5.0 torr) chamber pressure. The results of these experiments support the idea that the optimum instrumental operating conditions for EDS analysis in the ESEM occur by minimizing the gas path length and the chamber water vapor pressure, and by maximizing the accelerating voltage. The results suggest that the analyst can expect x-ray counts from the mounting materials. These tests strongly support the recommendation of the manufacturer to use the long ESD detector and a 19 mm working distance for EDS analysis. The results of these experiments indicate that neighboring particles millimeters from the target may contribute x-ray counts to the spectrum.     

Low-temperature X-ray microanalysis of the differentiating vascular tissue in root tips of Lemna minor L

The fracture faces of bulk-frozen tissue offer a number of advantages for the analysis of diffusible elements. They are easy to prepare, remain uncontaminated, and, unlike most frozen-hydrated sections, can be shown to exist in a fully hydrated state throughout examination and analysis. Root tips of Lemna minor briefly treated with a polymeric cryoprotectant are quench frozen in melting nitrogen. Fractures are prepared using the AMRAY Biochamber, lightly etched if necessary to reveal surface detail and carbon coated while maintaining the specimen at 110 K. The frozen-hydrated fracture faces are analysed at 110 K using the P/B ratio method which is less sensitive to changes in surface geometry and variations in beam current. The method has been used to investigate the distribution of seven elements (Na+, Mg⁺⁺, P, S, Cl^?, K+ and Ca⁺⁺) in the developing vascular tissue of the root tip. The microprobe can measure relative elemental ratios at the cellular level and the results from this present study reveal important variations in different parts of the root. The younger, more actively dividing cells, appear to have a slightly higher concentration of diffusible ions in comparison to the somewhat older tissues which have begun to differentiate into what are presumed to be functional vascular elements.