三氯乙烯与糠醛水溶液的液液平衡及萃取模拟计算

本文采用液液平衡釜了糠醛水溶液与三氯乙烯的液液平衡数据，用ＵＮＩＱＵＡＣ方程关联糠醛－水－三氯乙烯体系的液液平衡数据，以ＵＮＩＱＵＡＣ方程的模型，采用液液萃取法模拟计算糖醛和水的分离结果。     

Knowledge extraction for production management

A procedure and underlying algorithm for extracting knowledge from production and inventory databases to support engineering management activities is described. The process searches for, detects and isolates behaviour patterns inherent in the data. It relates these patterns to production irregularities, suggests connections with specific causes and helps propose possible corrective or preventive actions. The approach is based on a four-phase procedure: (1) the decision-maker focuses on the subject or difficulty at issue, represented by a target concept; (2) the KEDB algorithm, based on a machine learning approach, processes the relevant database and provides knowledge characterizing and classifying the target concept; (3) the output is interpreted in Pareto fashion as a series of possible circumstances explaining the target concept behaviour; and (4) based on these causes, the decision-maker decides on possible corrective actions to improve the situation, or preventive actions to forestall unfavourable conditions. A case study based on an actual quality control database is detailed.     

Physicochemical characteristics and leachability of scale and sludge from Bulalo geothermal system, Philippines

Scale and sludge from Bulalo geothermal field, Philippines, have been characterized by whole rock analysis, radioactivity counting, size analysis, light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Their leachability was assessed by regulatory leaching procedures and by sequential extraction. Both scale and sludge consisted mostly of oxides of Si, Al, and Fe with no radionuclides detected. The scale had 10% S content. Sulfides and silicates were important phases in both samples having size ranges from submicron to 2 mm. Geothermal soils at Bulalo have higher than normal soil levels of As, S, Cu, Cr, Zn, and Pb but regulatory leaching tests indicated that these elements are not released. However, the sequential extraction showed that As, Cu, and Zn were leachable under extreme conditions.     

Extraction of halide quaternary salts in an organic solvent/water system: Hydrodynamics and mass transfer

The hydrodynamic characteristics and mass transfers of halide quaternary salts between two immiscible phases in a stirred membrane permeation cell were investigated. The concentration of quaternary salt, temperature, solvent and the four kinds of halide quaternary salts were evaluated to achieve the extractive optimum condition. The diffusivity, overall mass‐transfer coefficients and individual mass‐transfer coefficients were determined and correlated in terms of the conventional Sh‐Re‐Sc relationship. The transfer time of quaternary salts across the membrane and the thickness of the hydrodynamic diffusion boundary layer were determined as well, so as to characterize the extractive phenomenon of quaternary salts between the two phases that is useful in phase‐transfer catalysis.     

Analysis of lipid classes by solid-phase extraction and high-performance size-exclusion chromatography

An improved method to analyze lipid classes of edible oils and fats by solid-phase extraction (SPE) and high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) is presented. A mixture of lipid standards was fractionated by the solid-phase extraction procedure (NH₂ phase) into polar and nonpolar fractions; these were then submitted to analysis by HPSEC. The size-exclusion chromatographic columns were three styrene/divinylbenzene columns with pore sizes of 100 Å and 50 Å. Light-scattering was used for the detection system, and the parameters of the detector were optimized to minimize the difference between the responses of the compounds studied. With this procedure it was possible to separate the following lipid classes: triacylglycerols, diacylglycerols, monoacylglycerols and free fatty acids, sterols, sterol esters, tocopherols and carotenoids. Quantitative analysis was studied for a light-scattering detector with several lipid standards of different molecular weights and unsaturation levels.     

Preparation of core–shell type nanoparticles of diblock copolymers of poly(L‐lactide)/poly(ethylene glycol) and their characterization in vitro

Core–shell type nanoparticles of poly(L ‐lactide)/poly(ethylene glycol) (LE) diblock copolymer were prepared by a dialysis technique. Their size was confirmed as 40–70 nm using photon correlation spectroscopy. The ¹H‐NMR analysis confirmed the formation of core–shell type nanoparticles and drug loading. The particle size, drug loading, and drug release rate of the LE nanoparticles were slightly changed by the initial solvents that were used. The drug release behavior of LE core–shell type nanoparticles showed an initial burst during the first 12 h and then a sustained release until 100 h. The degradation behavior of LE block copolymer nanoparticles was divided into three phases: the initial rapid degradation phase, the stationary phase, and the rapid degradation phase until complete degradation. It was suggested that lidocaine release kinetics were predominantly governed by the diffusion mechanism in the initial burst phase and after that by both of the diffusion and degradation mechanisms. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 2625–2634, 2002     

新型环氧树脂绝缘浸渍胶（WSK）在微特电机上的应用

介绍了新型环氧树脂少溶剂快干绝缘浸渍胶的性能试验数据及基在微特电机上的应用及注意事项。     

LP-401磷化液在冷拔钢管生产中的应用

简单介绍了磷化液成膜原理。通过对比试用，得出了较为合理的工艺参数。实践证明，LP-401磷化液能够满足冷拔无缝钢管生产要求。     

微波萃取在食品化学中的应用

介绍了微波萃取技术在食品化学中的应用。其实质是用微波对萃取溶剂及物料加热，使溶剂的渗透率和扩散率大大提高，因此对食品营养成分或风味物质可以有铲地萃取分离。     

基于边缘吸引力场正则化的短程线主动轮廓模型

短程线主动轮廓模型是近几年提出的一种有效的多目标轮廓提取算法 .本文在详细分析其动力学过程的基础上 ,针对该模型中存在的局限性和不足 ,提出对边缘吸引力场进行正则化的方法 ,并采用多尺度模型 ,有效的改善了该模型不能对存在断裂轮廓的目标进行正确提取和凹边缘搜索能力弱的缺点 ,增强了抗噪声和虚假边缘干扰的能力 ,使该算法具有更好的鲁棒性和实用性 .