电子装备加速实验中的故障预测方法

现代电子装备结构复杂,故障规律难以掌握。而通过对装备组成单元故障规律的研究可推导出装备整体故障规律并进行故障预测。本文着手于对装备组成单元故障规律和故障预测方法的研究。首先利用加速试验来缩短装备组成单元试验时间,获取大量故障规律信息;对加速试验的数据进行了处理;然后基于灰色预测理论,将加速试验中获得的故障规律外推,推测出装备组成单元在正常应力水平下的故障规律并进行故障预测;最后利用相似度和“年老”隶属函数给出了预测结果的可信度。     

影响PVC塑窗耐候性的因素及防止老化的措施

分析影响聚氯乙烯(PVC)塑窗耐候性的内因和外因,指出内因是PVC分子结构中出现的不规则连接、不饱和双键、支链等,外因主要是环境因素,即光、热、氧产生的老化,以及湿度的影响,并从冲击改性剂、稳定剂、着色剂、紫外线吸收剂及抗氧剂的选择方面提出了防止PVC塑窗老化的措施。     

低成本耐候钢的高温热变形行为

 通过在MMS100 SIMULATOR热/力模拟实验机上的热压缩实验,研究了不同热变形条件下耐候钢的变形抗力,考察了变形温度、应变速率及变形程度与变形抗力之间的关系。结果表明：变形温度和应变速率对耐候钢变形抗力的影响最强烈;耐候钢的变形抗力随变形温度的升高而下降,随应变速率的提高而增大。用实测值回归出了耐候钢的新型变形抗力模型,而且该模型具有较高的拟合精度。     

Analysis of asphalt pavement structural response from an accelerated loading test

This study was to compare theoretical calculation and practical measurement structure response of asphalt pavement. Analysis of the pavement layer moduli was determined from a Back-calculation of Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) data and the measured stiffness moduli of asphalt layer cores. The pavement response was calculated using a theoretical model and the measured strain response at the bottom different layers. Layered elastic theory was used to back-calculate the layer moduli and three different theory models were used to forward calculate the strain and deflection. The models were: Layered Elastic Theory (LET), the Method of Equivalent Thicknesses (MET) with linear elastic and the Finite Element Method (FEM) where asphalt layer may be viscoelastic. The results showed that the calculation structure response from FEM was consistent with measured results.     

纳米TiO2/高抗冲聚苯乙烯耐候型复合材料研究

利用金红石型纳米TiO2优异的紫外线屏蔽性能,采用熔融共混法制备了纳米TiO2/高抗冲聚苯乙烯(H IPS)复合材料。经过672 h的氙灯气候加速老化后,缺口强度保持率比未改性H IPS提高了约20%,颜色变化幅度只有未改性H IPS的10%,抗色变能力大幅度提高;质均相对分子质量在整个加速老化期间未发生明显变化,老化672 h后下降幅度只有未改性H IPS的10%,FTIR分析表明,由于纳米TiO2与光稳定剂的协同作用使改性H IPS的光老化速度得到有效抑制,其羰基和羟基吸收峰的振动特征在672 h的老化期间内均未发生明显变化。     

Determination of pesticide residues in food matrices using the QuEChERS methodology

The determination of pesticide residues in food matrices is a formidable challenge mainly because of the small quantities of analytes and large amounts of interfering substances which can be co-extracted with analytes and, in most cases, adversely affect the results of an analysis. However, safety concerns require that pesticides of the wide range of chemical properties (including acidic, basic and neutral) should be monitored. Because of the wide variety of food matrices, the sample must initially be cleaned up before final analysis. That is why the analytical chemist is faced with the need to devise new methodologies for determining such residues to be determined in a single analytical run. To accomplish the goal, QuEChERS methodology has been developed. It is a streamlined and effective extraction and cleanup approach for the analysis of diverse analyte residues in food matrices. So far, there have been achieved promising results by liquid or gas chromatography analysis, including pesticides, but also acrylamide, pharmaceuticals and veterinary drugs.     

云南富宁良子老寨钛铁矿成矿规律和矿床成因

云南富宁地区钛铁矿是我国重要的钛铁矿矿床,成矿条件优越。本文对良子老寨矿区残坡积风化壳型钛铁砂矿床的地质特征、矿体、矿石特征进行了总结和研究,探讨了矿床的矿床成因和成矿规律。海西—印支期偏碱性基性钛辉辉长辉绿岩体为该区钛铁矿的形成提供了物质来源。富宁地区温热潮湿多雨气候有利于风化作用形成,岩体出露地表后,岩体中的钛矿物经风化剥离、水解作用、次生富集、原地残留或近距离搬运沉积,形成了残坡积风化壳型钛铁砂矿床。陡坡、临近河流区域矿体厚度薄,风化作用弱部位品位低;山脊缓坡、河谷阶地、地形低凹地段矿体厚度较大、品位高。本文研究成果能够指导滇东南地区残坡积物风化壳内钛矿的找矿工作。     

加速溶剂萃取-超高效液相色谱荧光法测定海产品中苯并(a)芘

摘要：目的 研究建立海产品中苯并(a)芘(BaP)超高效液相色谱荧光(UHPLC-FLD)检测方法。方法：用乙腈加速溶剂萃取提取冻干海产品中的BaP,提取液用UHPLC-FLD测定,多环芳烃(PAHs)色谱柱（150x2.1mm,3um）分离,乙腈-水（75+25）为流动相,流速1mL/min,激发波长261nm,发射波长450nm。结果：BaP在0.2~40μg/kg浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数r2=0.9998,回收率98.3%,相对标准偏差为1.3%,最低检出限0.06μg/kg,实际样品检测良好。结论：该法简便快捷,溶剂用量少,灵敏度高,可用于海产品中BaP的检测。     

快速溶剂萃取-凝胶渗透色谱净化-气相色谱-串联质谱分析猪肉中109种农药残留

目的建立一种同时分析猪肉中109种农药残留的气相色谱-串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)方法。方法样品经快速溶剂萃取仪提取,凝胶渗透色谱仪净化,加入内标环氧七氯,采用GC-MS/MS在多反应监测模式(MRM)下分析,内标法定量。结果 109种农药在10~500μg/L的浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r~2)大于0.99。各农药的检出限(S/N=3)为0.09~1.57μg/kg,各农药的定量限(S/N=10)为0.31~4.78μg/kg,在10.0、20.0和50.0μg/kg 3个水平的添加浓度下,回收率在68.3%~112.8%之间,相对标准偏差小于14.2%(n=6)。结论该方法准确可靠、灵敏度高,可用于猪肉中109种农药残留的同时检测。     

聚甲醛加速老化试验研究

对聚甲醛（POM）进行了光加速老化试验和湿热老化试验研究。利用电子显微镜，差示扫描量热仪和X光电子能谱对材料在老化过程中的物理和化学性能进行了分析。结果表明，POM在老化过程中物理力学性能下降的主要原因是表面无定形区域的光氧化。