Improvement of lysozyme recovery method from the precipitate of protein-anionic surfactant complexes

A new protein separation process using a surfactant and a polar organic solvent consists of a precipitation step and a recovery step. In the precipitation step, a protein-surfactant complex is precipitated from an aqueous solution, when an ionic surfactant, sodium di(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT), is added to an aqueous solution, including protein (lysozyme). In the recovery step, the precipitate is dissolved in a polar organic solvent, such as acetone, and the protein is recovered as precipitates when a very small amount of salt solution was added to remove surfactants from the protein-surfactant complex. However, the details of the protein recovery step from precipitate have not been studied yet. In this study, the improvement of the protein recovery step was examined from the viewpoint of a recovery ratio of protein and a remaining ratio of surfactant. The optimum NaCl concentration in the feed for the protein recovery was in the range of 0.05–0.2 kmol/m³. As the NaCl concentration in the feed increased to more than 0.2 kmol/m³, the precipitation ratio decreased due to the electrostatic screening effect of NaCl. It was found that the addition of a very small amount of NaCl solution to acetone was unnecessary when NaCl was included in the feed lysozyme solution. On the other hand, as the NaCl concentration decreased to less than 0.05 kmol/m³, the precipitation ratio was decreased due to the low re-precipitation of protein by the addition of a small amount of NaCl solution in acetone. In the case of the feed containing no salt, the desired NaCl concentration added to acetone was in the range above 0.2 kmol/m³. In addition, the most suitable volume ratio of acetone to feed was found to be 0.2.     

羟基丙酮合成的新方法研究

以丙酮、IBX为原料,经取代和水解两步反应合成标题化合物。考察了碱及用量、反应时间和温度等条件对反应的影响。n(甲醇钠)∶n(丙酮)=2∶1、室温反应6 h即可得较好的产率。本方法具有原料廉价易得、操作简单、高价碘化合物可以循环利用等优点,为标题化合物的制备和高价碘的应用提供了新的研究思路。     

基于拉曼光谱的微结构光纤丙酮传感检测研究

结合拉曼光谱特异性和微结构光纤所需样品体积 小(纳升量级)等优点,基于拉曼光谱法,利用三孔MOF作为传 感头,搭建了丙酮浓度传感系统。 丙酮溶液在毛细管吸附作用下进入到MOF的空气孔内, 在倏逝波激发下丙酮溶液产生拉曼信号,通过探测耦合回微结构光纤纤芯的拉曼 信号强度探测丙酮浓度。实验利用丙酮C-H键(2843cm－1)伸缩振动峰作为其特 征谱线,同时以水的H-O键(3371cm－1 )伸缩振动峰作为内标物组成相对强度,对 溶液中的丙酮含量进行测定。实验结果表明,当丙酮浓度从5%增加到50%时,丙 酮浓度与丙酮C-H键伸缩振动峰和水H-O键伸缩振动峰强度比值呈线性关系,二 者相关系数为0.98。本文系统也可以用于其它挥发性有机化合物的定 性和定量分析。     

硫脲浸出液活性炭负载洗脱研究

从硫脲浸出液中活性炭负载洗脱金是比较困难的,目前在这方面发表的文献并不很多。本文着重研究并讨论了从负载活性炭上洗脱金的不同方法,包括酸性硫脲有机溶液和非有机洗脱液。研究了丙酮、乙腈、丁醇、乙二醚和乙醇5种有机溶剂。研究了不同的硫脲、硫酸和有机溶剂的浓度和温度对洗脱的影响。试验表明了这5种有机溶剂对金的洗脱能力按如下顺序排列: 丁醇>乙腈>乙二醚>乙醇>丙酮当采用5%丁醇,50～100g/L硫脲和50～100g/L硫酸,温度40～60℃时,金的洗脱率可达98～99%,此时活性炭含金降至0.10mg/g以下。对于非有机洗脱液,像硫化钠和硫代硫酸钠,研究表明金的洗脱率主要取决于溶液的浓度和温度,在室温时,1～2mol的硫化钠溶液可以洗脱99%的金。如果溶液的浓度降低至0.5mol,则温度需升至80℃以上才可能获得相同的洗脱率。     

高纯试剂丙酮的提纯方法研究

从丙酮原料中的杂质构成出发,选择4A分子筛作为干燥除杂剂,超净过滤可生产出分析纯试剂丙酮,精馏后可以生产色谱纯丙酮,探索出一条高效了试剂丙酮的生产工艺。     

ZnO薄膜的丙酮气敏特性研究

用直流磁控反应溅射法,分别在Si(111)基片及Al2O3陶瓷基片上制备了ZnO薄膜,并进行TiO2、SnO2、Al2O3或CuO的掺杂和退火处理。用XRD分析了退火前后晶型的变化,利用气敏测试系统对各样品进行了气敏特性测试。结果表明:经过700℃退火后的样品,在最佳工作温度为220℃时,对丙酮有很好的选择性和很高的灵敏度(34.794)。掺杂TiO2或SnO2,可提高ZnO薄膜传感器对丙酮的灵敏度(57.963)。     

丙酮氰醇生产过滤工艺的改进

分析了丙酮氰醇合成后处理中过滤器经常堵塞的原因.通过在结晶釜中加入杂多酸类阻聚剂、采用双釜变温结晶的方法,使过滤层的层间分布显著减小(质量分数控制在1%～2%范围),压力随过滤时间的增加而缓慢平稳升高.降低了过滤工艺的操作压力,减少了过滤工艺的切换次数,满足了生产的要求.     

HS-SPME-GC法测定氨苄西林钠中丙酮和异丙醇残留量

采用顶空—固相微萃取—气相色谱联用技术测定了氨苄西林钠中丙酮和异丙醇残留量。使用100μmPDMS萃取头,顶空平衡温度为60℃,萃取时间为40 min,2m×3 mm(i.d.)不锈钢色谱柱、内填充10%丁二酸乙二醇聚酯/202酸洗红色担体。外标法定量,丙酮测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.43%,在0.1μg/g~20μg/g范围时,色谱峰面积与质量浓度之间呈良好线性关系,相关系数(R2)为0.979 9,回收率为97.8%~103%;异丙醇测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.88%,在0.2μg/g~20μg/g范围时,色谱峰面积与质量浓度之间呈良好线性关系,相关系数(R2)为0.980 2,回收率为95.7%~101%。