苯酚丙酮废水生物处理研究

分别采用兼氧/好氧工艺和好氧工艺对苯酚丙酮废水进行生物处理研究。该废水具有高盐分、高有机物浓度、低pH的特点,进水CODCr约1187mg/L。监测结果表明,使用兼氧/好氧工艺处理,兼氧槽出水平均CODCr为1021mg/L,CODCr降低20.9%,而BOD5则升高11.9%,B/C升高了41.5%。这说明经过兼氧槽处理后,废水的可生化性进一步提高。再经过好氧槽处理,最终出水平均CODCr为63.0mg/L。但仅采用好氧工艺的好氧槽出水平均CODCr为75.2mg/L。实践证明采用生物处理工艺处理苯酚苯酮废水,出水可达《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978—1996)的一级排放标准。     

国内外苯酚生产现状及市场分析

简要介绍了苯酚的几种生产工艺,异丙苯法、甲苯-苯甲酸法和苯直接氧化法。分别评述了世界和我国苯酚的生产现状,2004年全球苯酚的生产能力为844.6万t/a,且主要集中在美国、西欧和日本;而我国2004年苯酚的总产能达到44.3万t/a。并对国内外苯酚消费现状及市场前景进行了分析和预测。     

甲基丙烯酸甲酯的合成技术研究进展

概述了甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)的合成方法,包括丙酮氰醇法、异丁烯法及乙烯法,并分析了各个合成方法的优缺点,丙酮氰醇法使用有毒原料HCN并会产生大量废料,不符合绿色生产要求,将会面临逐步淘汰,异丁烯法及乙烯法生产过程绿色清洁,符合我国国情及战略需求,是未来的主要发展方向.此外,也对用于异丁烯法生产MMA的钯系催化剂及金系...     

氨水均相催化糠醛与丙酮缩合制备糠叉丙酮

以糠醛(呋喃醛)和丙酮为反应原料,在氨水溶液体系中,合成了4-(2-呋喃基)-3-丁烯-2-酮(糠叉丙酮)。通过正交实验研究了反应条件对糠醛的转化率及糠叉丙酮收率的影响,在n(糠醛)∶n(丙酮)=1∶10,反应温度80 ℃,0.6 mol·L^－1的氨水6.6 mL和反应时间12 h的条件下,糠醛的转化率达到91.4%,糠叉丙酮的选择性和收率分别达到79.3%和72.4%。采用减压蒸馏得到淡黄色针状晶体,通过FT-IR、1H-NMR确认该晶体为纯的糠叉丙酮晶体。     

1,2-丙二醇合成丙酮醛反应催化剂的研究

通过固定床反应器考察了掺磷β-沸石/银催化剂对1,2-丙二醇选择性氧化合成丙酮醛的催化性能。试验结果表明,在适宜的条件下,该催化剂对1,2-丙二醇的转化率达到98%,对丙酮醛选择性达到了65%。作者还就磷对催化剂选择性的提高原因给出了解释。     

丙酮气相一步合成甲基异丁基酮催化剂体系的研究

制备了由丙酮气相一步合成甲基异丁基酮的双功能催化剂。考察了活性组分的负载方法、催化剂预处理条件对催化性能的影响，利用ＴＰＲ研究了催化剂的还原性能，并对催化剂的稳定性作了初步的评价     

Spectral,thermal, and photoreactivity studies on epoxy resin containing benzylidene units in the main chain

A photosensitive epoxy resin was synthesized from bis(4‐hydroxy ‐3‐methoxy benzylidene) acetone and epichlorohydrin using solution polycondensation method. The prepared epoxy resin was characterized by UV, IR, ¹H NMR, and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. The thermal stability of the epoxy resin was assessed by thermogravimetric analysis. The glass transition temperature of the polymer was determined by differential scanning calorimetry. The photocrosslinking property and photopolymerizing ability of the epoxy resin were studied in film and solution state using UV spectroscopy. The effect of photo acid generator and sensitizer on photosensitivity of the resin was also investigated. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

氯乙烯/丙烯腈共聚物组成和溶解性及影响因素

以十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)为乳化剂,过硫酸钾(KPS)和亚硫酸氢钠(SBS)为氧化还原引发体系,通过乳液聚合方法制备了氯乙烯(VC)/丙烯腈(AN)共聚物.采用氧瓶燃烧法测定了共聚物的氯含量,并计算了共聚组成,通过抽提测定了共聚物在丙酮中的溶解性.考察了一步法聚合过程中共聚物组成及溶解性随聚合时间的变化,研究了初始单体投料比、引发剂用量、聚合温度等工艺条件对共聚物组成及溶解性的影响.结果表明,由于AN活性高,VC/AN共聚组成和溶解性随聚合时间变化较大;共聚物在丙酮中的溶解性与共聚组成相关,受初始单体投料比影响最大,在VC/AN投料物质的量比为7.6:1时可以获得在丙酮中全部溶解的共聚物.     

The leaching kinetics of acetone in an acetone‐polyurethane adhesive waste

This work consists of the study of the extraction of solvent (acetone) from a polymeric (polyurethane) substrate during a leaching process. Total organic carbon (T.O.C.) is the main contaminant parameter in the leaching of these systems due to the solution of the acetone which is practically totally extracted from the polymeric system. During the leaching process, the water (polar) diffuses across the holes formed between the chains of polyurethane reacting at the same time with the isocyanate groups at the end of the chains, causing the reticulation or crosslinking of the polymer. On the basis of the experimental results, the amount of acetone diffused versus time in plane sheet systems was studied. A diffusion model based on the Fickian law was developed considering two stages. In the first stage, the water diffuses into the system across the polyurethane chains causing the reticulation of the polymer and dissolving the acetone. In the second stage, the diffusion of acetone in water, which occupies the holes or spaces between the reticulated polymer, takes place. The diffusion kinetics in these kinds of systems are similar to the diffusion kinetics in a rigid solid, considering an effective diffusivity of the acetone through the system. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 1945–1955, 2002     

2,5-二壬氧基-1,4-二乙炔基苯的合成

以对二溴苯衍生物和甲基丁炔醇为原料,通过Sonogashira钯催化偶联反应得到的产物,在碱性条件下脱丙酮获得1,4-二乙炔基苯和标题化合物.并通过凝胶渗透色谱和核磁共振氢谱对目标产物的结构进行了确认.