聚氨酯预聚体——可聚合乳化剂用于MMA乳液聚合动力学及聚合稳定性研究

将合成的聚氨酯预聚体可聚合乳化剂（APUA）用于甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）乳液聚合体系中，研究了不同引发剂体系和乳化剂对聚合体系的聚合稳定性和动力学影响，并与SDS乳化剂进行了对照。结果显示，用油溶性引发剂（AIBN）和水溶性引发剂（K2S2O8）都能引发该体系的聚合反应，而且聚合速率和转化率都相当高。用AIBN作引发剂时，APUA和SDS两种乳化所对应的动力学曲线不同，但APUA比SDS的聚合速率大得多，其分别类似于微乳液聚合（miniemulsion)和微悬浮聚合（microsuspention)，且聚合过程中会产生一定的凝胶。当乳化剂APUA用量适合时，凝胶量极少，聚合体系是稳定的；而当用K2S2O8作引发剂时，两乳化剂对应动力学曲线相似，聚合过程不产生凝胶。但当引发剂用量较大并以APUA作乳化剂时，在聚合过程中会出现全部粒子突然粗化现象，而以SDS作乳化剂没有出现这一现象。     

Role of anionic and nonionic surfactants on the control of particle size and latex colloidal stability in the seeded emulsion polymerization of butyl methacrylate

The evolution of the main colloidal parameters in the seeded starved‐feed semi‐continuous emulsion polymerization of butyl methacrylate (BMA) was investigated, with the main purpose of assessing the effectiveness of the semi‐empirical relationship S = K · S_S · ΔA/A_S as a tool to define the surfactant/monomer feed ratio (∝ K) best suited to achieve a target particle size. In particular, the effect of the type and amount of surfactant [i.e., anionic, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), or nonionic, Brij 58P] added during the semi‐continuous stage was considered. Coagulum formation was never observed under the adopted experimental conditions. To detect the occurrence of secondary nucleation or particle aggregation, or both, the particle size and number of particles, the surface tension and the particle surface coverage ratio were correlated. The best results were obtained with SDS and 0.8 ≤ K ≤ 3. In fact, under the selected experimental conditions, only with SDS did the number of particles remain nearly constant throughout the polymerization at the value defined by the seed latex; the particle size distribution was highly monodisperse, and the final particle diameter closely matched the calculated one (～ 120 nm). The above semi‐empirical relationship based on the adjustable parameter K was validated by running test polymerizations aimed at lattices with well‐defined particle size. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 3083–3094, 2006     

丁二酰亚胺在乳化炸药中的应用研究

研究了聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺作为乳化炸药乳化剂的技术特点,并同常用乳化剂司苯 80作了比较。研究表明,以聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺作为乳化剂的乳化炸药,具有小而分布均匀的W/O粒子,较强的稳定性及良好的爆炸性能。     

聚合物纳米复合材料的研究进展

介绍了聚合物基纳米复合材料的种类及制备方法，详细介绍了聚合物／层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的研究，包括聚合物／层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的种类、性能及研究的新进展。     

丙烯酸改性聚氨酯的合成与性能的研究

采用聚丙烯酸酯与聚氨酯共混、以水性聚氯酯为种子乳液进行丙烯酸种子乳液聚合以及水性聚氨酯与丙烯酸接枝共聚3种方法分别得到丙烯酸改性水性聚氯酯，通过激光散射粒径仪测定乳胶粒的粒径、乳胶膜的透明性、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)结构分析以及扫描电镜(SEM)对乳胶膜结构和表面形貌进行分析。结果表明：采用种子乳液聚合反应和接枝反应所得到的丙烯酸改性水性聚氯酯乳液乳胶粒粒径比水性聚氨酯的粒径显增大，表现出良好的相容性；由种子乳液聚合和接枝聚合制备的丙烯酸改性水性聚氯酯胶膜中颗粒与颗粒之间结合紧密，表面光亮、透明。     

阳离子型丙烯酸树脂的合成及其水溶性研究

以自由基聚合法合成了阳离子型丙烯酸树脂，通过稳定性比较考察了甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)用量及树脂中和度对树脂水溶性的影响，用Zeta电位研究了中和度对胶体稳定性的影响，采用激光光散射仪(LLS)测定了胶体颗粒在水分散液中的流体动力学半径及分布，研究表明：当GMA用量为15％(质量分数)，中和度为80％时．体系中胶体颗粒具有足够的亲水性和良好的稳定性。     

不同性质的聚乙烯醇对聚醋酸乙烯乳液性能的影响

采用半连续乳液聚合的方法合成聚醋酸乙烯乳液。通过对乳液的粒子形态、压缩剪切强度、粘度、冻融稳定性的分析,讨论了不同性质的聚乙烯醇作为保护胶体,对聚醋酸乙烯乳液胶粘剂性能的影响。     

Thermal crosslinking of collagen immobilized on poly(acrylic acid) grafted poly(ethylene terephthalate) films

Graft polymerization of acrylic acid onto plasma‐treated poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) films was used to prepare surfaces suitable for collagen immobilization by dip‐coating. Such surfaces could be used as matrices for smooth muscle cell cultures in tissue engineering. Contact angle measurements showed that plasma‐treated and grafted PET films undergo considerable surface reorganization during storage under ambient conditions. However, after collagen immobilization the contact angle remained relatively stable. The amount of collagen initially attached to the film surface increased with increasing poly(acrylic acid) graft density, but subsequent washing in water led to significant collagen loss. This loss could nevertheless be substantially reduced by thermal crosslinking of the collagen in the range 110–130 °C. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) observations suggested that the washed crosslinked collagen has a very similar structure to that of the un‐crosslinked collagen. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 1874–1880, 2002     

加热方式对聚丙烯酸酯复合胶乳合成反应的影响

采用乳液聚合方式,在搪瓷釜中制备聚丙烯酸酯复合胶乳,根据热量衡算,计算了反应过程中所需的热量,比较了蒸汽加热和热水加热方式的加热效果,以及两种加热方式对乳液粒径和搪瓷釜粘釜情况的影响。结果表明:蒸汽加热方式耗时较短,且乳液成品粒径较小,粘釜情况较热水加热方式有所改善。     

Blends of ethylene–methyl acrylate–acrylic acid terpolymers with ethylene–acrylic acid copolymers: Mechanical and thermomechanical properties

The effect of methyl acrylate content in ethylene–methyl acrylate–acrylic acid (E–MA–AA) terpolymers and acrylic acid content in ethylene–acrylic acid (E–AA) copolymers was investigated in blends of these two materials. The E–MA–AA terpolymer with 8 mol % methyl acrylate was not miscible with any E–AA material no matter what the AA content, whereas the terpolymer with only about 2 mol % methyl acrylate was miscible, at least to some extent, with the E–AA copolymer at high acrylic acid contents. Evidence supporting this conclusion derived from gloss, differential scanning calorimetry testing, and dynamic mechanical measurements. For the E–AA polymer material with the highest acid content, there was a synergistic effect for some properties at low added amounts of E–MA–AA copolymer; the tensile strength and hardness were 10% higher than values for the E–AA copolymer, even though the E–AA copolymer was much stiffer. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 2216–2222, 2004