V2O5/g⁃C3N4催化剂的制备及其模拟油中硫化物的脱除

以三聚氰胺、偏钒酸铵、硼酸为前驱体,通过煅烧法制备V₂O₅/g⁃C₃N₄催化剂。采用XRD、FT⁃IR、XPS、SEM和BET等技术对催化剂的结构与形貌进行表征。以V₂O₅/g⁃C₃N₄为催化剂,乙腈为萃取剂,H₂O₂为氧化剂对模拟油中二苯并噻吩（DBT）的脱除进行考察。探究了反应温度、催化剂质量、萃取剂体积、n(H₂O₂)/n(S)以及不同硫化物等因素对脱硫效果的影响。在模拟油体积为5.0 mL、萃取剂乙腈体积为3.0 mL、n(H₂O₂)/n(S)=8、催化剂质量为0.02 g、反应温度为30 ℃和反应时间为60 min的最佳条件下,DBT的脱除率达到91.9%,经过5次催化剂再生后脱硫率仍可以达到85.7%。     

小型储气罐火灾工况数值模拟分析

以某输气管线气液联动执行机构中的储气罐为例,利用Ansys Fluent软件建立同比例三维模型,模拟火灾工况下,外部热量不断输入,罐内压力和罐体温度随时间的变化情况。利用Aspen Hysys软件模拟计算该小型储气罐在火灾工况下安全泄放所需的最小安全阀口径。结果表明,当钢制储气罐外部发生火灾时,罐体温度和罐内压力急剧升高,在很短的时间内就能达到储气罐坍塌温度和储气罐设计压力;达到钢制储气罐坍塌温度的时间滞后于达到储气罐设计压力的时间;从安全的角度,设置安全阀可安全有效泄放气体,即使储气罐发生坍塌,也有助于降低事故发生的危害程度;确定的安全阀最小口径为0.03 cm²,建议选型的安全阀口径不低于0.05 cm²。     

H-PSMA/PVA/PP复合膜的制备及油-水乳液分离性能

通过两步法对聚丙烯（PP）膜进行了亲水改性:首先,通过在碱性条件下水解苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物（PSMA）制备了水解的苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物（H-PSMA）;然后,以聚乙烯醇（PVA）为亲水性改性剂,戊二醛（GA）为交联剂,将H-PSMA/PVA/GA复合材料浸涂在PP基底膜上,制备了亲水性水解苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物/聚乙烯醇/聚丙烯（H-PSMA/PVA/PP）复合膜。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）分析表征了H-PSMA和H-PSMA/PVA/GA的结构;通过测试复合膜表面的静态接触角,探究了PVA和GA含量及成膜溶液的质量浓度等对膜表面润湿性能的影响;最后,测试了复合膜的油水分离效率和重复利用率。结果表明:当GA、PVA和H-PSMA的质量比为0.225∶1∶1,成膜溶液的质量浓度为0.03 g/mL时,所制备的H-PSMA/PVA/PP复合物膜对水包油乳液（O/W）表现出优异的分离性能,初次油水分离效率为99.40%,当重复分离10次后,油水乳液的分离效率仍达到98.83%以上。该复合膜的制备工艺具有安全性好、成本低和环境友好的特点。     

不同牌号丁苯橡胶的耐低温性能研究

研究3种牌号丁苯橡胶(SKMS-10,SL-4525-0,SBR1502)的硫化特性、物理性能和耐低温性能。结果表明:SKMS-10具有优异的耐低温性能,生胶的玻璃化转变温度(T_g)为-73.3℃,硫化胶的T_g为-59.8℃,适于在极寒条件下使用;SL-4525-0胶料的F_max-FL较大,硫化胶的拉伸强度为19.3 MPa,撕裂强度为53 kN·m^-1,T_g为-48.6℃,具有优异的综合性能;SBR1502硫化胶的拉伸强度高达24.9 MPa,撕裂强度为49 kN·m^-1,但T_g为-38.4℃,耐低温性能较差,适用于载荷较大且耐低温性能要求不高的橡胶减振制品。     

Development of Covalent Chitosan-Polyethylenimine Derivatives as Gene Delivery Vehicle: Synthesis,Characterization, and Evaluation

There is an increasing interest in cationic polymers as important constituents of non-viral gene delivery vectors. In the present study, we developed a versatile synthetic route for the production of covalent polymeric conjugates consisting of water-soluble depolymerized chitosan (dCS; M_W 6–9 kDa) and low molecular weight polyethylenimine (PEI; 2.5 kDa linear, 1.8 kDa branched). dCS-PEI derivatives were evaluated based on their physicochemical properties, including purity, covalent bonding, solubility in aqueous media, ability for DNA condensation, and colloidal stability of the resulting polyplexes. They were complexed with non-integrating DNA vectors coding for reporter genes by simple admixing and assessed in vitro using liver-derived HuH-7 cells for their transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity. Using a rational screening cascade, a lead compound was selected (dCS-Suc-LPEI-14) displaying the best balance of biocompatibility, cytotoxicity, and transfection efficiency. Scale-up and in vivo evaluation in wild-type mice allowed for a direct comparison with a commercially available non-viral delivery vector (in vivo-jetPEI). Hepatic expression of the reporter gene luciferase resulted in liver-specific bioluminescence, upon intrabiliary infusion of the chitosan-based polyplexes, which exceeded the signal of the in vivo jetPEI reference formulation by a factor of 10. We conclude that the novel chitosan-derivative dCS-Suc-LPEI-14 shows promise and potential as an efficient polymeric conjugate for non-viral in vivo gene therapy.     

No Direct Postconditioning Effect of Poloxamer 188 on Mitochondrial Function after Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Rat Isolated Hearts

Myocardial infarction is a leading cause for morbidity and mortality worldwide. The only viable treatment for the ischemic insult is timely reperfusion, which further exacerbates myocardial injury. Maintaining mitochondrial function is crucial in preserving cardiomyocyte function in ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury. Poloxamer (P) 188 has been shown to improve cardiac IR injury by improving cellular and mitochondrial function. The aim of this study was to show if P188 postconditioning has direct protective effects on mitochondrial function in the heart. Langendorff prepared rat hearts were subjected to IR injury ex-vivo and reperfused for 10 min with 1 mM P188 vs. vehicle. Cardiac mitochondria were isolated with 1 mM P188 vs. 1 mM polyethylene glycol (PEG) vs. vehicle by differential centrifugation. Mitochondrial function was assessed by adenosine triphosphate synthesis, oxygen consumption, and calcium retention capacity. Mitochondrial function decreased significantly after ischemia and showed mild improvement with reperfusion. P188 did not improve mitochondrial function in the ex-vivo heart, and neither further P188 nor PEG induced direct mitochondrial protection after IR injury in this model.     

CR／MMA乳液接枝共聚物的研制

用乳液接枝共聚法制备ＣＲ／ＭＭＡ共聚物，讨论ＣＲ乳液、引发剂、接枝温度、ＭＭＡ用量对接枝共聚转化率，接枝ＭＭＡ含量、ＭＭＡ接枝效率和粘接性能的影响，用红外光谱对接枝共聚物进行表征，该共聚物具有较好的粘接性能。     

国内外ABS市场及应用概况

概述了ABS树脂在世界各区域及国家 (或地区 )的生产、供需及市场应用情况     

木材用交联型醋丙胶粘剂的研制

研制一种由醋酸乙烯、丙烯酸丁酯、特种单体共聚而成的水性交联型环保胶粘剂以替代目前广泛使用的氨基树脂,适应绿色环保要求。     

Acrylonitrile-based copolymer membranes containing reactive groups: Surface modification by the immobilization of biomacromolecules

Asymmetric membranes fabricated from poly(acrylonitrile-co-maleic acid) (PANCMA) were immobilized with heparin and/or insulin to improve their surface properties. These biomacromolecule-immobilized PANCMA membranes were prepared by the amination of the membrane surface with ethylenediamine, followed by the reaction of the amino groups with heparin and/or insulin in the presence of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl amidopropyl) carbodiimide. The surface-modified membranes were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to confirm the immobilization of the biomacromolecules. Morphological changes on the membrane surface and in the cross section were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The surface hydrophilicity and hemocompatibility of the studied membranes were evaluated on the basis of water contact angle, platelets adhesion and cell attachment measurements. It was found that, after the immobilization of the biomacromolecules, the water contact angle and the amount of adhered platelets and macrophages on the membrane decreased significantly when compared with the nascent ones, indicating the improvement of surface hydrophilicity. Furthermore, the heparin immobilized membrane showed the best hemocompatibility among the corresponding membranes studied.