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91.
The transparent and flexible solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) were fabricated from polyacrylonitrile‐polyethylene oxide (PAN‐PEO) copolymer which was synthesized by methacrylate‐headed PEO macromonomer and acrylonitrile. The formation of copolymer is confirmed by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) measurements. The ionic conductivity was measured by alternating current (AC) impedance spectroscopy. Ionic conductivity of PAN‐PEO‐LiClO4 complexes was investigated with various salt concentration, temperatures and molecular weight of PEO (Mn). And the maximum ionic conductivity at room temperature was measured to be 3.54 × 10?4 S/cm with an [Li+]/[EO] mole ratio of about 0.1. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 461–464, 2006 相似文献
92.
汽车磁流变减振器多项式模型的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
将优化后的磁流变减振器放在MTS849减振器试验台上进行试验,在不同的减振器活塞运动速度下,改变通电电流,测试磁流变减振器的示功图和速度特性。利用试验数据,进行多项式拟合,精确的建立了该减振器的阻尼力模型,便于对其半主动悬架实施实时控制。 相似文献
93.
《Ceramics International》2022,48(21):31203-31210
Ti–Si–Fe alloys extracted from high-titanium blast furnace slag were utilized to replace part of the silicon powders, and then nitride/oxynitride bonded SiC ceramics were prepared by reactive sintering in graphite bed. Ti–Si–Fe alloys could react with CO/N2 at a low temperature (1200 °C), and the addition of Ti–Si–Fe alloys could reduce the nitriding temperature of Si. Density functional theory calculations suggested that Ti–Si–Fe alloys enhanced reaction activity via weakening the strength of CO and NN bonds. The regional equilibrium phase diagrams of Si–C–N–O and Ti–Si–C–N–O under CO/N2 atmosphere were calculated by thermodynamics. The change of whiskers morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope. Furthermore, the bulk density, the cold modulus of rupture, and the cold compressive strength improved with Ti–Si–Fe alloys content. The results showed that the addition of Ti–Si–Fe alloys not only significantly promoted nitriding of Si and formation of Si3N4 whiskers, but also improved the mechanical properties of the samples. 相似文献
94.
Garima Lakhanpal Jay R. Black Roser Casas-Mulet Meenakshi Arora Michael J. Stewardson 《河流研究与利用》2023,39(4):734-744
Fine particle clogging and faunal bioturbation are two key processes co-occurring in the hyporheic zone that potentially affect hyporheic exchange through modifications in the sediment structure of streambeds. Clogging results from excessive fine sediment infiltration and deposition in rivers, and it is known to decrease matrix porosity and potentially reduce permeability. Faunal bioturbation activity may compensate for the negative effect of clogging by reworking the sediment, increasing porosity, and preventing further infiltration of fines. Although both processes of clogging and bioturbation have received significant attention in the literature separately, their combined effects on streambed sediment structure are not well understood, mostly due to the lack of a standard methodology for their assessment. Here, we illustrate a novel methodology using X-ray computed tomography (CT), as proof of concept, to investigate how, together, clogging and bioturbation affect streambed porosity in a controlled flow-through flume. By visualising gallery formations of an upward conveyor macroinvertebrate; Lumbriculus variegatus as a model species, we quantified bioturbation activity in a clogged streambed, focusing on orientation, depth, and volume at downwelling and upwelling areas of the flume. Gallery creation increased the porosity of the streambed sediment, suggesting a potential improvement in permeability and a possible offset of clogging effects. We illustrate the promising use of X-ray CT as a tool to assess bioturbation in clogged streambeds, and the potential role of bioturbation activity supporting hyporheic exchange processes in streambeds, warranting further studies to understand the extent of bioturbation impacts in natural systems. 相似文献
95.
Digital transformation (DT), the combination of information, computing, communication and connectivity technologies, which has triggered an effective upgrade of different aspects of market strategy, customer experience etc. Nowadays, rehabilitation assistive devices (RADs) are evolving to be more digital, intelligent and personalized. Digitalization and servitization have fostered to an emerging business model—the smart product–service system (Smart PSS). Therefore, DT of the RADs’ industry advocates not only the design of products and functions, the more important is the management of service processes and resource integration. With the increase in the elderly and disabled population, the requirement for RADs is becoming more urgent. However, research on Smart PSS for RAD is still limited. The rehabilitation assistive smart product–service systems (RASPSS) was introduced into the development of RADs based on the “Design and Management of DT” strategy through the service design of assistive devices and user requirements analysis. Further, an integrated design of RAD and Smart PSS has been created, a development method of RASPSS proposed, the theoretical model of the Smart PSS based on RADs built. To specify the service framework, this case study discusses the development of a home rehabilitation assistive system for femoral stem fracture patients. This paper evaluates the usability of the system, the results of which prove usability and effectiveness of the RASPSS development method. The RASPSS development model is designed to meet needs of stakeholders, improve the user rehabilitation experience, promote the service innovation of Smart PSS, bring certain market benefits of rehabilitation aids and create social value. 相似文献
96.
97.
Qi Ding Zhaoqiang Zhang Cong Yu Peixin Zhang Jun Wang Liyun Kong Xili Cui Chao-Hong He Shuguang Deng Huabin Xing 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2021,67(1):e17094
Adsorption separation of olefin and paraffin can greatly lower the energy consumption associated with the currently utilized distillation technique but remains a great challenge. Herein, we report the efficient separation of propylene (C3H6) and propane (C3H8) in a phosphate anion-functionalized metal–organic framework (MOF) ZnAtzPO4 by synergetic effect of equilibrium and kinetics. The material features periodically expanded and contracted apertures decorated with electronegative groups, offering eligible pore shape and pore chemistry to effectively trap C3H6 under moderate isosteric heat of adsorption (27.5 kJ mol−1) while obstruct the diffusion of C3H8. It simultaneously combines excellent thermodynamic selectivity (uptake ratio of 1.71) and kinetic selectivity (~31) for C3H6/C3H8 separation, meanwhile can be easily regenerated. Breakthrough experiment for C3H6/C3H8 gas mixture was conducted and confirmed the outstanding separation capability of ZnAtzPO4. The equilibrium and kinetics cooperative C3H6/C3H8 adsorption separation was for the first time found in anion-functionalized MOFs, and further confirmed by computational studies. 相似文献
98.
Yi Lu Rui Li Rogerio Manica Qingxia Liu Zhenghe Xu 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2021,67(1):e17033
Interfacial properties are of critical importance to various separation applications. In heavy oil recovery, for example, a low oil–water interfacial tension (IFT) benefits the separation of heavy oil from their host rocks, which becomes problematic in the later stage of oil–water separation. CO2-responsive surfactants were investigated to enhance the overall heavy oil recovery by switching their interfacial activity to the desired state in each stage. The surfactants at interfacially active state greatly enhanced the separation of heavy oil from hosting solids, as demonstrated by measuring contact angle and oil liberation using a custom-designed on-line visualization system. Meanwhile, the resulting heavy oil-in-water emulsions could also be easily demulsified by the bubbling of CO2 gas, which switched off the interfacial activity of the surfactants. Furthermore, CO2-responsive surfactants could be partially recycled in process water to improve sustainability, making CO2-responsive surfactants to be promising chemical aids in heavy oil production and many other vital industries. 相似文献
99.
Yuhao Zhang Liang Zhao Feng Chen Yongtao Wang Jinsen Gao Liyuan Cao Hui Wang Chunming Xu 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2021,67(5):e17153
The fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) naphtha critical component-oriented separation process is an efficient method to produce ultra-low-sulfur (<10 μg/g) gasoline with minimal loss of octane number (<1 RON). However, the product quality is highly dependent on the structure of the components of FCC naphtha. Aromatics and thiophene sulfides without a methyl side chain favor the separation of olefin. The major impulse of olefin separation is the solvent-induced dipole of aromatics or thiophene sulfides, leading to a “Plane-to-Plane” combination between the solvent and aromatics or thiophene sulfides, accompanied by a steric hindrance due to their side chains. This condition resulted in 2–3 times greater θ of benzene and thiophene compared with that of toluene and 3-methylthiophene. In addition, an improved non-random two-liquid model was proposed based on the above results, and a simulation method for FCC naphtha solvent extraction process was established. The calculation results accorded well with industry data. 相似文献
100.
Poor mixing in the clear liquid layer above the cloud height has been reported by several authors. This study uses LDV measurements to quantify turbulence above the cloud using a liquid level of 1.5 T to remove the barrier of a free surface at H = T. A D = T/3, down-pumping PBT was used at an off-bottom clearance of C = T/3. Three slurries were tested at impeller speeds 0.8, 1, and 1.2Njs. The change in turbulence was quantified using the normalized root mean square (RMS) of the fluctuating velocity summed and averaged over each radial traverse. A significant difference between the fluctuating values of the cloud height—minimum, average, and maximum—was observed. The turbulence decays until the maximum cloud height. Beyond that, it remains constant and near zero. The effects of both particle size and solids concentration prove to be important. 相似文献