液体调色染料在文化纸上的应用

介绍了调色原理及液体调色染料的性能与应用技术,提出了整体调色方案的思路,强调了液体染料连续加入的重要性.     

环氧树脂-硅胶二元共混体系防冻粘涂料的制备及其性能研究

制备了一种环氧树脂-硅胶二元共混体系的防冻粘涂料,通过试验,确定了硅胶含量对涂层冻粘强度及接触角的影响。最后,通过对接触角、涂层与水之间的切向及法向冻粘强度进行对比研究,发现随着接触角的增大,冻粘强度逐渐降低,且硅胶含量的增加,对涂层的硬度影响不大。     

Investigation on combustion and emissions of DME/gasoline mixtures in a spark-ignition engine

Dimethyl ether (DME) has a lot of good properties and is thought to be one of the best alternative fuels for IC engines in the future. In order to improve the efficiency, combustion stability and emissions performance of a spark-ignited (SI) gasoline engine at stoichiometric condition, an experimental study aiming at improving engine performance through DME addition was carried out on a four-cylinder SI engine. The engine was modified to be fueled with the mixture of gasoline and DME which were injected into the engine intake ports simultaneously. A hybrid electronic control unit (HECU) was dedicatedly developed to control the injection timings and durations of gasoline and DME. The spark timing was adjusted to reach the maximum brake torque (MBT) without knocking. Various DME fractions were selected to investigate the effect of DME addition on engine performance, thermal efficiency, combustion characteristics, cyclic variation and emissions under stoichiometric conditions. The experimental results showed that thermal efficiency, NOx and HC emissions are improved with the increase of DME addition level. The combustion performance was improved when DME addition fraction was less than 10%. CO emission first decreased and then increased with the increase of DME enrichment level at stoichiometric condition.     

无气味和有效的β-羰基硫醚的合成

以易制备和无气味的3-（二乙硫/苄硫基）亚甲基-2,4-戊二酮1作乙硫醇和苄硫醇替代试剂,进行了环保和无气味的β-羰基硫醚的合成研究。在甲醇介质中,氯化乙酰存在下,1发生分解反应,释放出乙硫醇或苄硫醇,然后与α,β-不饱和酮2进行硫杂迈克尔加成反应,高产率生成β-羰基硫醚,反应过程无恶臭气味。     

离子膜电解装置的pH值控制问题探讨

根据离子膜电解装置加酸各个环节影响因素,探讨加酸的工艺技术控制现象,寻求控制理想加酸的各环节,保证加酸品质.     

高寒地区复掺矿物掺合料水工混凝土抗冻耐久性劣化机理研究

为评定高寒地区环境对掺矿物掺合料水工混凝土结构冻融循环耐久性能的影响规律,通过不同掺合料掺量及种类、不同冻融温度下水工混凝土冻融循环试验,研究分析不同配合比水工混凝土的质量损失率、相对动弹性模量、抗压强度以及渗透性的时变规律,揭示了矿物掺合料与冻融温度对混凝土抗冻性的影响机理。试验结果表明:各掺合料水工混凝土的抗冻性从优到劣依次为粉煤灰+硅灰+稻壳灰硅灰+稻壳灰粉煤灰+稻壳灰粉煤灰+硅灰稻壳灰硅灰粉煤灰未掺加;相同单掺条件下,掺加稻壳灰试件组抗冻性最强,硅灰居中,粉煤灰最弱;复掺矿物掺合料情况下,三掺粉煤灰、硅灰、稻壳灰混凝土抗冻性最强;复掺矿物掺合料能减少水工混凝土的孔隙率及渗透性,且粉煤灰、硅灰、稻壳灰的颗粒粒径不同会相互填充,从而产生超叠加效应;随着冻融循环过程中试件中心温度的降低,导致混凝土内部的温度梯度增大,孔隙内部的膨胀压力增大导致混凝土内部结构破坏。     

添加Mn对激光制备Al1.3FeCoNiCuCr涂层组织和性能的影响

通过预置法实现在921A钢上激光熔覆制备高熵合金Al1.3FeCoNiCuCr涂层, 研究了以Mn为杂质元素时, 不同添加量对高熵合金组织、相结构和性能的影响。结果表明, 单纯Al1.3FeCoNiCuCr微观组织为简单的枝晶组织, 涂层仅由bcc相和fcc相组成, 没有金属间化合物。随着Mn的增加, Al、Ni和Cu的含量相应提高, Fe和Cr的含量则逐渐降低, 总体趋向于更加接近设计的成分;和所有其它元素不同之处是, Al明显偏析于枝晶内。XRD分析发现, bcc相的相对强度随Mn的增加而下降, 当Mn添加量达到w(Mn)＝3%时, bcc相基本消失。此外, Al1.3FeCoNiCuCr涂层显微硬度随着Mn含量的增加小幅降低, 当Mn添加量由0增加到w(Mn)＝4%时, 其平均显微硬度由HV0.2 581逐渐降低到HV0.2 547。     

Catalytic Processes Involving Dihydrogen Complexes and Other Sigma-bond Complexes

The discovery of dihydrogen complexes, L_nM(H₂), pointed to direct transfer of hydrogen from coordinated H₂ ligands to substrates as an operable pathway in catalysis both in homogeneous and heterogeneous systems. Sigma complexes, L_nM(η²-H–X) (X=H, Si, C, etc), are indeed relevant in hydrogenation as well as silane alcoholysis and methane conversion.     

Comparison of basic gas cycles under the restriction of constant heat addition

Theoretical thermal efficiencies and theoretical effectivenesses of six kinds of basic gas cycles, including the Carnot, Otto, Diesel, Takemura, Atkinson and Joule cycles, were compared with one another under the restriction of constant heat-addition. Relations between the available work content of heat added and the exergy change in several thermodynamic processes were also examined. It is concluded that the Atkinson cycle has the highest thermal efficiency and the second best effectiveness among the gas cycles examined. The exergy changes in an isochoric heating-process in closed systems and in an isobaric heating-process in open systems agree with the available work contents of heat added in these processes. Thus, the exergy increment in a heating process should not be generally adopted as the denominator for the theoretical effectiveness.