HA-BAF一体式工艺处理炼油废水

采用水解酸化-好氧一体式生物滤池处理炼油废水。研究结果表明,该反应器对COD、Ar-OH、NH3-N和油类具有良好的去除效果,出水的COD、At-OH、NH4-N和油含量都低于《污水综合排放标准》（GB8978-1996）中的一级排放标准。     

食品微生物CNAS检测能力验证结果与分析

目的 提高食品安全检测能力, 增强实验室竞争力。 方法 2011年, 本中心参加CNAS认可能力验证合格提供者山东出入境检验检疫局(CNAS PT0011)组织的食品微生物能力验证。依据国家标准GB4789.2- 2010 和GB4789.4-2010, 采用多稀释度、多平行样法, 对代码为PTA菌落总数、PTB-1沙门氏菌、PTB-2沙门氏菌样品进行检测鉴定。结果 样品PTA中菌落总数为590 cfu/mL;样品PTB-1沙门氏菌: 未检出/10 mL; 样品PTB-2沙门氏菌: 检出/10 mL。 结论 3个样品测试均取得满意结果, 且Z(比分值)小于1(Z值绝对值小于等于2为满意结果)。本中心实验室2个项目均取得满意结果。     

The effects of reduction of the deposited waste on short‐term landfill leachate composition of a landfill: a case study in Norway

Municipal solid waste landfill leachate was sampled over from a landfill receiving varying amounts of municipal solid waste. The investigation aimed to provide information on expected leachate changes in the short term, either after closure of an active landfill, or after a strong decline in the amount of waste deposited at smaller landfills. It was found that during a two year period following a sudden decline in the amount of waste deposited, the levels of various chemical and physical parameters all dropped sharply. The reasons for the decline in discharge levels are thought to be aerobic decomposition taking place in the municipal solid waste just after landfilling, and thus the decline in the impact of this process when there were less fresh waste masses available, and formation of preferential flow paths for the leachate as the municipal solid waste stabilized in the landfill.     

Role of mass transfer in overall substrate removal rate in a sequential aerobic sludge blanket reactor treating a non-inhibitory substrate

A laboratory study was undertaken to explore the role of mass transfer in overall substrate removal rate and the subsequent kinetic behavior in a glucose-fed sequential aerobic sludge blanket (SASB) reactor. At the organic loading rates (OLRs) of 2-8 kg chemical oxygen demand (COD)/m³-d, the SASB reactor removed over 98% of COD from wastewater. With an increase in OLR, the average granule diameter (d_p = 1.1-1.9 mm) and the specific oxygen utilization rate increased; whereas biomass density of granules and solids retention time decreased (13-32 d). The intrinsic and apparent kinetic parameters were evaluated using break-up and intact granules, respectively. The calculated COD removal efficiencies using the kinetic model (incorporating intrinsic kinetics) and empirical model (incorporating apparent kinetics) agreed well with the experimental results, implying that both models can properly describe the overall substrate removal rate in the SASB reactor. By applying the validated kinetic model, the calculated mass transfer parameter values and the simulated substrate concentration profiles in the granule showed that the overall substrate removal rate is intra-granular diffusion controlled. By varying different d_p within a range of 0.1-3.5 mm, the simulated COD removal efficiencies disclosed that the optimal granular size could be no greater than 2.5 mm.     

高效生化法处理环状有机废水的生产应用研究

文章介绍了环状有机废水的生产来源及高效生化法处理环状有机废水的运行情况及影响因素,并针对高效生化法处理环状有机废水运行中的主要影响因素提出进水预处理、分质分流、出水水质控制等建议措施。     

好氧饥饿对膨胀污泥硝化性能及污泥特性的影响

采用SBR好/缺氧工艺,考察了好氧饥饿对于丝状菌膨胀污泥中硝化细菌活性及污泥性能的影响。结果表明,14 d的好氧饥饿过程(无外加底物,保持曝气)中,氨氧化细菌(ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, AOB)表现出更高的饥饿敏感性,其好氧衰减速率[(0.42±0.06)d^-1)高于亚硝酸盐氧化菌(nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, NOB)的好氧衰减速率[(0.34±0.05)d^-1]。恢复阶段初期,系统出现了明显的亚硝酸盐积累现象,这主要归因于AOB具有在环境发生改变时做出快速反应的能力,具体体现在AOB较NOB具有更高的活性恢复速率上。此外,好氧饥饿能够快速杀死丝状细菌,迅速改善膨胀污泥的沉降性能,使污泥的SVI由170 ml·g^-1快速下降到30 ml·g^-1。胞外聚合物(extracellular polymeric substances, EPS)和溶解性微生物产物(soluble microbial products, SMP)能够相互转化,并为饥饿污泥提供一定的碳源和能源,保证了细菌在饥饿环境中长期的细胞维持。     

Effect of Double-packaging and Acid Combination on the Quality of Irradiated Raw Turkey Pattie

ABSTRACT: Effects of double-packageing (combinational use of vacuum and aerobic packaging conditions) and acid (citric or ascorbic acid) combinations on color, lipid oxidation and volatiles of irradiated raw turkey breast were determined. Acid did not affect the a-values but increased the L-values of meat after irradiation. Citric acid promoted lipid oxidation of irradiated turkey meat, whereas ascorbic acid had an antioxidant effect. The amounts of total volatile and dimethyl sulfide in doubly packaged turkey meat were 35 to 56% and 58 to 73% lower than those of the irradiated vacuum-packageed control, respectively, and dimethyl disulfide and dimethyl trisulfide were not found in double-packageed meat. The combination sequence of aerobic/anaerobic packaging was not a critical factor in the production of off-odor volatiles of irradiated turkey.     

脱氮假单胞杆菌耗氧合成V_(B_(12))发酵条件的研究

对脱氮假单胞杆菌(Pseudomonas denitri ficans)耗氧合成V_(B_(12))的培养模式研究表明,分批补料发酵比分批发酵合成V_(B_(12))提高71.42%;其中液糖补料与糖蜜补料在同等条件下,产物浓度前者比后者高出19.08%。最适V_(B_(12))合成的培养条件如种龄、接种量和初始pH值分别为18h,10%和7.0;发酵过程中摇床的转速对V_(B_(12))的合成影响显著,其中最佳转速为260r/min。在以上优化条件下,V_(B_(12))的最高单位能达到140 g/L。     

有机化合物好氧生物降解性的研究方法

对合成有机化合物的生物降解性研究,可以预测各类化合物在环境中的滞留与影响,为某些化合物的生产和应用以及排放条件提供立法依据,并对开发更有效的生物处理技术具有重要意义。本文从合成有机物生物降解性研究的意义、研究方法等方面,介绍了国内外在这方面研究工作的进展情况。同时,对皮革化工材料生物降解性研究提出了建议。     

缺氧/好氧SBR工艺去除亚铵法造纸废水中有机物的研究

采用反应期缺氧/好氧SBR工艺处理亚铵法草浆造纸废水,结果表明:该工艺同单一好氧工艺相比有机物的去除率可提高15%,节能20%,当缺氧,好氧时间比为1:1.5,反应时间为5h,进水浓度COD为1200～1800mg/L,COD负荷小于0.9kg/kgMLSS·d时,COD和BOD5去除率分别为76%～80%和93%～95%,出水COD和BOD5浓度分别为250～420mg/L和25～40mg/L,符合GB3544～92国家二级排放标准.