个性化多层结构气道支架设计与3D打印

针对现有气道支架在临床应用时存在再狭窄发生率高、组织感染和容易移位等缺点,提出了一种基于3D打印技术的气道支架个性化定制方案.借助计算机进行三维建模,设计形状和尺寸与患者气道局部解剖结构精准匹配、具有3层结构和表面分布有钉状凸起的个性化气道支架模型.以医用级热塑性聚氨酯为材料,采用3D打印机制备气道支架,研究打印温度、...     

Gypenoside A from Gynostemma pentaphyllum Attenuates Airway Inflammation and Th2 Cell Activities in a Murine Asthma Model

Our previous study found that oral administration of Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract can attenuate airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and reduce eosinophil infiltration in the lungs of asthmatic mice. Gypenoside A is isolated from G. pentaphyllum. In this study, we investigated whether gypenoside A can effectively reduce asthma in mice. Asthma was induced in BALB/c mice by ovalbumin injection. Asthmatic mice were treated with gypenoside A via intraperitoneal injection to assess airway inflammation, AHR, and immunomodulatory effects. In vitro, gypenoside A reduced inflammatory and oxidative responses in inflammatory tracheal epithelial cells. Experimental results showed that gypenoside A treatment can suppress eosinophil infiltration in the lungs, reduce tracheal goblet cell hyperplasia, and attenuate AHR. Gypenoside A significantly reduced Th2 cytokine expression and also inhibited the expression of inflammatory genes and proteins in the lung and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In addition, gypenoside A also significantly inhibited the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and reduced oxidative expression in inflammatory tracheal epithelial cells. The experimental results suggested that gypenoside A is a natural compound that can effectively reduce airway inflammation and AHR in asthma, mainly by reducing Th2 cell activation.     

Effects of Streamer Discharge on PM2.5 Containing Endotoxins and Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Biological Responses In Vitro

Experimental and epidemiological studies have demonstrated that fine particulate matter with a diameter of <2.5 μm (PM2.5) affects both the respiratory and immune systems. However, effective approaches to reduce PM2.5-induced hazardous effects have not been discovered yet. Streamer discharge is a category of plasma discharge in which high-speed electrons collide with oxygen and nitrogen molecules. Although streamer discharge can reportedly eliminate bacteria, molds, chemical substances, and allergens, its ability to decontaminate PM2.5 has not been previously demonstrated. The present study explored whether streamer discharge treatment could reduce PM2.5-induced inflammatory responses by employing an in vitro system. PM2.5 was collected under four conditions (Bangkok (Sep.–Dec.), Bangkok (Dec.–Mar.), Singapore, and Taipei). Airway epithelial cells and antigen-presenting cells exposed to non-treated PM2.5 in several conditions resulted in inflammatory responses. Streamer-discharged PM2.5 (Bangkok (Sep.–Dec.)) decreased the expression of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 compared to non-treated PM2.5. Moreover, composition analysis demonstrated that streamer discharge reduced some compounds, such as endotoxins and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, included in PM2.5 that can elicit inflammatory responses. Streamer discharge treatment can reduce endotoxins, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and the subsequent inflammatory responses induced by PM2.5 in vitro.     

肺部CT图像中的解剖结构分割方法综述

目的 高分辨率多层螺旋CT是临床医生研究肺部解剖结构功能、评估生理状态、检测和诊断病变的主要影像学工具。鉴于肺部各解剖结构间特殊的关联关系和图像成像缺陷、组织病变等干扰因素对分割效果的影响,学术界已在经典图像处理方法基础上针对CT图像中的肺部解剖结构分割进行了大量研究。方法 通过对相关领域有代表性或前沿性文献的归纳总结,系统性地梳理了现有肺组织、肺气管、肺血管、肺裂纹、肺叶或肺段等解剖结构CT图像分割方法的主要流程、方法理论、关键技术和优缺点,讨论了各解剖结构分割的参考数据获取、实验设计方法和结果评价指标。结果 分析了现有研究在结果精度和鲁棒性方面所面临的挑战性问题,以及基于分割结果在定位病变、定量测量、提取其他结构等方面展开的热点应用,特别详述了当前被重点关注的深度学习方法在本领域的工作进展,同时展望了本领域在分割理论方法和后续处理等步骤的发展趋势,并探索了如何在实践中根据分割结果发现新的临床生物标志。结论 快速精确地从CT图像中分割肺部各解剖结构可以获取清晰直观的3维可视化结构影像,展开解剖结构内部的定量参数测量或结构之间的关联关系分析能提供客观、有效的肺部组织疾病辅助诊断依据信息,可以大大减轻临床医生的阅片负担、提高工作效率,具有重要的理论研究意义和临床应用价值。     

Rock roadway complementary support technology in Fengfeng mining district

This paper takes No. 52 return uphill roadway of Yangquhe coal mine as a research project. Based on the research, especially its geological condition, indoor experiments, numerical simulation and theor...     

Photodynamic Therapy in Non-Gastrointestinal Thoracic Malignancies

Photodynamic therapy has a role in the management of early and late thoracic malignancies. It can be used to facilitate minimally-invasive treatment of early endobronchial tumours and also to palliate obstructive and bleeding effects of advanced endobronchial tumours. Photodynamic therapy has been used as a means of downsizing tumours to allow for resection, as well as reducing the extent of resection necessary. It has also been used successfully for minimally-invasive management of local recurrences, which is especially valuable for patients who are not eligible for radiation therapy. Photodynamic therapy has also shown promising results in mesothelioma and pleural-based metastatic disease. As new generation photosensitizers are being developed and tested and methodological issues continue to be addressed, the role of photodynamic therapy in thoracic malignancies continues to evolve.     

石港矿东回风大巷掘进面瓦斯涌出规律研究

通过对石港矿东回风大巷掘进期间煤壁暴露面和落煤的瓦斯涌出强度与时间的关系进行现场测试和理论研究,得出掘进巷道瓦斯涌出量与掘进长度、掘进速度的关系式,为该矿今后的巷道掘进确定合理的通风方式和通风参数提供依据。     

Targeting Interleukin-10 Restores Graft Microvascular Supply and Airway Epithelium in Rejecting Allografts

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a vital regulatory cytokine, which plays a constructive role in maintaining immune tolerance during an alloimmune inflammation. Our previous study highlighted that IL-10 mediated immunosuppression established the immune tolerance phase and thereby modulated both microvascular and epithelial integrity, which affected inflammation-associated graft malfunctioning and sub-epithelial fibrosis in rejecting allografts. Here, we further investigated the reparative effects of IL-10 on microvasculature and epithelium in a mouse model of airway transplantation. To investigate the IL-10 mediated microvascular and epithelial repair, we depleted and reconstituted IL-10, and monitored graft microvasculature, airway epithelium, and associated repair proteins. Our data demonstrated that both untreated control allografts and IL-10 (−) allografts showed a significant early (d6) increase in microvascular leakiness, drop-in tissue oxygenation, blood perfusion, and denuded airway epithelium, which is associated with loss of adhesion protein Fascin-1 and β-catenin on vascular endothelial cells at d10 post-transplantation. However, IL-10 (+) promotes early microvascular and airway epithelial repair, and a proportional increase in endothelial Fascin-1, and β-catenin at d10 post-transplantation. Moreover, airway epithelial cells also express a significantly higher expression of FOXJ1 and β-catenin in syngrafts and IL-10 (+) allografts as compared to IL-10 (−) and untreated controls at d10 post-transplantation. Collectively, these findings demonstrated that IL-10 mediated microvascular and epithelial changes are associated with the expression of FOXJ1, β-catenin, and Fascin-1 proteins on the airway epithelial and vascular endothelial cells, respectively. These findings establish a potential reparative modulation of IL-10 associated microvascular and epithelial repair, which could provide a vital therapeutic strategy to facilitate graft repair in clinical settings.