苯胺类缓蚀剂的量子化学研究

用量子化学半经验计算方法CNDO/2程序,研究了苯胺类缓蚀剂的电子性质与缓蚀性能的关系。结果表明质子化的胺基是苯胺衍生物与金属作用的活性部位。提出了该类分子作为酸性介质中金属缓蚀剂在铁表面形成吸附膜的作用机理。     

有机膦系预膜剂在碳钢表面的成膜机理

用旋转挂片法、极化曲线法、X射线光电子能谱法、原子力显微镜法等分析测试手段对以有机膦酸和Zn盐为主要成分的预膜剂在碳钢表面形成的缓蚀保护膜进行了综合表征.结果表明,有机膦酸和Zn盐成膜剂能够在碳钢表面形成致密的保护膜,对腐蚀的阴极和阳极过程都具有抑制作用;膜结构为磷酸盐螯合物颗粒的致密沉积,主要成分(mol%)为55%O、16?、14%P、5%Zn、7%C和2?.     

Synthesis of tertiary amines and their inhibitive performance on carbon steel corrosion

Some tertiary amines in the series of 1,3-di-amino-propan-2-ol, referred as 1,3-di-morpholin-4-yl-propan-2-ol (DMP) and 1,3-bis-diethylamino-propan-2-ol (DEAP), had been synthesized by alkylation reaction. These compounds were checked by MS, IR, ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR. The electrochemical performance of these products was investigated through potentiodynamic polarization measurement and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) under thin electrolyte layer with thickness of 100 μm, and their inhibition efficiencies were measured using gravimetric method. These compounds, retarding the anodic dissolution of iron by the protective layer bonding on the metal surface, were anodic inhibitors under thin electrolyte layer. Polarization data indicated that the inhibitive performance of DMP for carbon steel was improved with the increasing of concentration, whereas DEAP showed a maximum inhibiting power at 2.5 × 10⁻² M. The values of the charge transfer resistance, obtained from impedance plots of carbon steel, showed that DEAP was a promising inhibitor. The gravimetric results showed that the inhibition efficiency of DEAP at 2.5 × 10⁻² M was 95%. The adsorption on the carbon steel surface followed Langmuir isotherm model. The Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to analyze the surface adsorbed film.     

Comparative study of bis-piperidiniummethyl-urea and mono-piperidiniummethyl-urea as volatile corrosion inhibitors for mild steel

Bis-piperidiniummethyl-urea (BPMU) and mono-piperidiniummethyl-urea (MPMU) were developed as novel volatile corrosion inhibitors (VCIs). Their vapor corrosion inhibition property was evaluated by volatile inhibiting sieve test (VIS) and vapor inhibiting ability test (VIA). Volatile weight-loss test in a closed space was used to compare their volatility. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of a volatile corrosion inhibitor monitor (VCIM) was applied to study the effect of BPMU and MPMU on the corrosion inhibition of mild steel in thin electrolyte layer. The results show that BPMU has the better protection effect compared with MPMU. Adsorption of BPMU and MPMU on steel surface was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It was shown that one BPMU molecule has two N atoms to coordinate with one Fe atom, and that one MPMU molecule has one N atom to coordinate with one Fe atom. The quantum chemical parameters were obtained by PM3 semi-empirical method. BPMU has the smaller HOMO-LUMO energy gap and the smaller net positive charge intensities of 4N and 8N atoms in its molecule.     

十二烷基三甲基碘化铵对铝的缓蚀作用

1mol·L-1MgCl2溶液中,在30～50℃范围内用微分极化电阻和微分电容测量技术研究添加不同浓度的十二烷基三甲基碘化铵(DTMAI)对铝阳极过程的缓蚀作用,结果表明,DTMAI是铝的有效缓蚀剂,缓蚀效率随着浓度和温度的增加而增大;DTMAI吸附在铝表面上,且吸附服从Langmuir等温式发现这种吸附的特点是吸附过程的的总熵增加,且总熵随温度升高而增大,温度对缓蚀效率的影响是由于熵效应而不是焓效应,因此.DTMAI在铝表面的吸附是其具有良好缓蚀作用的基本原因     

超细硬质合金WC-8Co-0.8(Cr_3C_2/TaC)的组织与性能

以超细WC-8Co硬质合金为研究对象,混合添加晶粒长大抑制剂Cr3C2/TaC。结果表明,合金在添加0.8wt%Cr3C2/TaC时的TRS达到3675MPa,而在添加0.5wt%和1.0wt%Cr3C2/TaC时的TRS降到2120MPa;Cr3C2/TaC在很大程度上影响了合金烧结时的致密化,WC-8Co-0.8wt%(Cr3C2/TaC)压坯在1400℃下完全致密化需要的烧结时间为60分钟;而同类普通WC-8Co-0.8wt%(Cr3C2/TaC)的压坯,由于没有超细粉末的高表面能,烧结60分钟后密度只能达到理论密度的98.8%;TaC和Cr3C2对W在γ相中的固溶度具有相反的作用。     

低碳钢焊缝的应力腐蚀和酸腐蚀

通过恒载荷实验研究了16MnR钢焊缝区在40％NaOH,110℃溶液中的应力腐蚀破裂行为，同时研究了酸洗对腐蚀断裂的作用。结果表明，根据极化曲线确定－980mV/SCE作为应力腐蚀敏感电位是合理的，在此电位下，16MnR焊缝区在40％NaOH,110℃溶液中仅用2天就出现了应力腐蚀裂纹，酸洗会引起裂纹加深加宽，导致断裂，可以从消除应力和选择合适的缓蚀剂两方面来防止氧化铝厂单管预热器破裂失效。     

多胺化合物在环烷酸腐蚀体系的缓蚀和化学转化作用的研究

通过失重和电化学方法研究了多胺化合物在环烷酸腐蚀体系的作用 .结果表明 :多胺具有抑制环烷酸腐蚀的能力 ,随着温度的升高覆盖度减低 ,吸附热为ΔH =- 5 1kJ/mol<0 ,据此 ,推测了多胺将环烷酸转化为非腐蚀性物质在抑制环烷酸腐蚀中的贡献 .     

原位STM研究钢筋在模拟混凝土孔溶液中腐蚀和缓蚀动态行为

应用STM原位观察在不同氯离子浓度和pH值以及加入缓蚀剂前后的模拟混凝土孔溶液中的钢筋表面微观形貌．在pH=12．40的混凝土模拟孔溶液中，钢筋表面趋向均一，钝化膜的薄弱部分得到强化；在含3．5％NaCl，pH=10．40的混凝土模拟孔溶液中由于局部腐蚀的发生，可观察到不规则的沉积物的形成、生长；LD-2型复合缓蚀剂能消除腐蚀活性，促使表面微观缺陷消亡，增加钝化膜的耐蚀能力．研究结果说明，STM可在纳米尺度上观察表面形貌变化，可成为原位研究钢筋在模拟混凝土孔溶液中腐蚀和缓蚀的动态行为的重要手段．     

热力系统新型停用保护缓蚀剂

通过高压釜试验和电化学极化曲线测试并结合硫酸铜 点滴和水滴评价试验，研究了新型停用缓蚀剂LP对不同钢材及已锈蚀碳钢的停用保护缓蚀性 能和LP的缓蚀作用机理.研究结果表明：LP是一种性能良好的热力设备停用保护缓蚀剂.