4-(N-异丙氨基)-苯甲酸的合成研究

对分子中既具有吸电子基,又具有给电子基的化合物4-(N-异丙氨基)-苯甲酸进行了合成,具体的合成步骤和反应条件为:50mL水中加入3g(0.022mol)对氨基苯甲酸,再加入无水碳酸钾1.5g(0.011mol),调整pH约为8,使成羧酸盐,经过滤后加入2-溴丙烷2.5g(0.02mol),加热回流12h,直至下层的2-溴丙烷基本消失,冷却,得灰白色固体,重结晶并用活性炭脱色,得白色晶体4-(N-异丙氨基)-苯甲酸。     

卤素置换反应用氯化锌催化剂的再生

研究了用于催化卤素置换反应后的氯化锌催化剂的再生方法。其过程包括：用石灰乳中和，沉淀出氢氧化锌，用氢氧化锌中和氯化锌废液至pH值为5—6，通入氯气氧化氯化锌废液中的有机物，蒸发至必要的浓度。     

Electrochemical behavior of metallic materials used in seawater—interactions between glucose oxidase and passive layers

Six materials (stainless steel, nickel-base alloy, titanium, chromium, nickel and admiralty brass) are tested in chemical and biochemical synthetic seawaters. The biochemical seawater contains enzymes catalyzing oxidation of glucose (glucose oxidase), simulating the action of natural biofilms. The evolutions of free corrosion potential (Ecor) versus time, and of cathodic and anodic reactions are compared with those obtained in natural seawater. Then, electrochemical behavior is related to semi-conducting properties of passive films. When glucose oxidase is present, increase of Ecor versus time is only reported for materials presenting a n-type semi-conductor passive film, and whose cathodic reaction current is increased. On the contrary, when passive layers are p-type semi-conductors, cathodic and anodic reactions are increased, and lead to a global Ecor constant with time of immersion. It appears that interaction between bacteria, medium and materials includes evolution of semi-conducting properties of passive layers.     

尿素对以硝酸铝和葡萄糖为原料合成氮化铝粉末反应过程中相变及反应速率的影响

以硝酸铝(Al(NO3)3·9H2O)和葡萄糖(C6H12O6·H2O)为原料,利用碳热还原法制备氮化铝粉末,研究了尿素对前驱物的制备及前驱物氮化反应的影响,研究发现添加尿素合成的前驱物和未添加尿素合成的前驱物在氮化反应过程中相变和反应速率存在较大差异。在没有添加尿素合成的前驱物的氮化反应过程中,出现了γ-Al2O3、α-Al2O3、AlON和AIN相,该前驱物的反应速率慢,完全氮化需要在1600℃下才能完成。对于添加尿素合成的前驱物而言,在其氮化反应过程中仅出现了γ-Al2O3和AIN相,没有α-Al2O3和AlON的生成,AIN直接由γ-Al2O3氮化生成,该前驱物的氮化反应速率快,氮化反应温度低,在1400℃下即可实现完全氮化。分析讨论了两种前驱物的氮化反应速率不同的主要原因,并利用XRD、SEM等分析方法对粉末进行了表征。     

利用催化加氢热解技术提取沉积 有机质中生物标志化合物

利用催化加氢热解技术提取了高演化沉积有机质中共价键结合的生物标志化合物,探讨了干酪根催化加氢热解反应机理,并考察了反应产物分布和影响反应的关键变量.实验表明,程序升温固定床催化加氢热解反应条件:温度上限为520℃,升温速率为5℃/min,氢压大于10MPa,氢气流量为5L/min,分散型催化剂为MoS₂(Mo的质量分数为1%).实验结果表明,催化加氢热解对提取高产率、结构重排少的干酪根中共价键结合的生物标志化合物有独特作用,该方法可以应用于有机地球化学领域.     

Luminescence Characterization of Mg Doped Y2O2S:Ti Long Afterglow Phosphor

Y1.94-xMgxO2S:0.06Ti (0≤x≤0.10) phosphors with long afterglow were synthesized by solid state reaction route. The photoluminescence spectra, decay curves, thermoluminescent spectra and chromaticity coordinate curves were investigated. The results show that the luminescence intensity of Y1.94-xMgxO2S:0.06Ti (0≤x≤0.10) phosphors decrease gradually with increasing Mg2 ion content, and the shape of luminescence spectra and chromaticity coordinate change as well. Furthermore, two thermoluminescent peaks in single Ti-doped Y2O2S sample are found at 91.8 and 221.5 ℃, respectively. Nevertheless, significant different spectra were found for the Mg, Ti co-doped Y2O2S samples that three thermoluminescence peaks appear at 52.3, 141.7 and 226.8 ℃, respectively. These results indicate that the co-doped Mg ion changes the inherent trap depth of single Ti-doped Y2O2S:Ti phosphor, and induces simultaneously a new trap level in the Y1.94-xMgxO2S:0.06Ti phosphor. Based on the analysis of thermoluminescent spectra, photoluminescent spectra, decay curve and crystal structure defect, it was proposed that the varied structure defect and introduced new trap level by the doped Mg2 ions should be responsible for reducing luminescence intensity and varying color in the Y1.94-xMgxO2S:0.06Ti phosphor.     

Kinetic investigation of the carbothermal reduction of an Iranian clay

The kinetics of the carbothermal reduction of clay under argon atmosphere has been investigated by the X-ray diffraction method. The clay-carbon (excess) mixture was formed into 2 cm diameter disks of different thicknesses. Experimental data evidences the significant effect of sample thickness on the reaction rate at 1400 °C. Decreasing thickness promotes mullite dissociation and formation of SiC and alumina powders. Mathematical modeling of the reaction system showed the gas diffusion in the Knudsen regime through the pellet to be the rate controlling step. Diffusivity of CO and reacted core tortuosity factor have been calculated.     

水对植物纤维水泥复合板生产的影响

研究了水对植物纤维水泥复合板性能的影响。选择合适的水分可以提高板材静弯曲强度,减小板材变形。     

环境因子的定义及研究现状

从普遍接受的三个基本假设出发，讨论环境因子的定义和失效机理不变的约束条件，重点综述环境因子的研究现状和常用方法，并探讨引入反应论模型解决环境因子预测问题的可能途径。     

Morphology of intermetallic compounds formed between lead-free Sn-Zn based solders and Cu substrates

The morphologies of intermetallic compounds formed between Sn-Zn based solders and Cu substrates were investigated in this study. The investigated solders were Sn-9Zn, Sn-8.55Zn-0.45Al, and Sn-8.55Zn-0.45Al-0.5Ag. The experimental results indicated that the Sn-9Zn solder formed Cu₅Zn₈ and CuZn₅ compounds on the Cu substrate, while the Al-containing solders formed the Al_4.2Cu_3.2Zn_0.7 compound. The addition of Ag to the Sn-8.55Zn-0.45Al solder resulted in the formation of the AgZn₃ compound at the interface between the Al_4.2Cu_3.2Zn_0.7 compound and the solder. Furthermore, it was found that the cooling rate of the specimen after soldering had an effect on the quantity of AgZn₃ compound formed at the interface. The AgZn₃ compound formed with an air-cooling condition exhibited a rougher surface and larger size than with a water-quenched condition. It was believed that the formation of the AgZn₃ compound at the interface occurs through heterogenous nucleation during solidification.