醚烷基磷酸酯浮选磷矿石的研究

合成的醚烷基磷酸酯捕收剂,在弱碱性介质中分选磷矿石,有较好的抗硬水性。对磷矿石的浮选效果比使用脂肪酸皂作捕收剂的指标好,碳酸钠用量显著降低。     

磷灰石、菱铁矿和赤铁矿的表面化学性质研究

试验研究了磷灰石、菱铁矿和赤铁矿在水溶液中的溶解作用，以及捕收剂油酰肌氨酸（OSS）、椰子油醇聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯（AEP）及OSS和AEP的混合药剂（MD）的磷灰石、菱铁矿和赤铁矿表面的吸附作用。     

Synthesis and Properties of 4,4′-Di(<Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis>-Tetradecyl) Diphenyl Methane Disulfonate Salt

The gemini surfactant, sodium 4,4′-di(n-tetradecyl) diphenyl methane disulfonate, has been synthesized in four steps with high yield and only one isomer. The structures of intermediate products were analyzed by ¹H-NMR spectrometry and elemental analysis. Mass spectrometry was applied to the analysis of the final product. The Krafft point, surface tension, and critical micelle concentration of the aqueous solution and the oil–water interfacial tension were measured. The results indicate that the gemini surfactant exhibits an ultra-low interfacial tension of 7.22 × 10^?3 mN/m, which shows potential applications for enhanced oil recovery.     

脱氢枞基咪唑啉的制备及结构表征

对脱氢枞酸二乙烯三胺盐(Ⅱ)进行热重分析,提出了一种制备脱氢枞基咪唑啉(Ⅳ)的方法。将脱氢枞酸(Ⅰ)用带水剂二甲苯溶解,滴加到热的二乙烯三胺(DETA)中进行高温液液短接触脱水缩合反应,得到产品;DETA既是反应物,又是产品的不良溶剂,还起到调控反应温度的作用;二甲苯受热快速蒸发并将反应生成的水带离反应体系。反应结束后,该产品易于从反应混合物中冷却结晶析出、过滤分离,经元素分析、红外光谱、紫外光谱、1HNMR及13CNMR核磁共振谱的波谱结构表征确证。反应物料比可以改变反应体系的温度,进而对产品产率与外观色泽有较大的影响;在化合物Ⅰ的用量为30 mmol、DETA与化合物Ⅰ的物质的量之比为15.7、反应温度为210℃的条件下,产品产率为86.0%。     

烷基糖苷在高效氯氰菊酯微乳剂中的应用研究

选用新一代绿色表面活性剂烷基糖苷(APG)为乳化剂,研制高效氯氰菊酯微乳剂,对溶剂、表面活性剂的用量进行了对比与筛选,通过制剂质量技术指标的测定,确定了5%高效氯氰菊酯微乳剂的最佳配方。对最佳配方进行了重复性试验,表明该剂型具有良好的热、冷贮稳定性,各项理化指标均符合微乳剂产品标准要求。     

Enzymatic Synthesis of 1‐Alkyl‐2‐hydroxy‐sn‐glycero‐2,3‐cyclic‐phosphate Using a Novel Lysoplasmalogen‐Specific Phopholipase D

Many phospholipase Ds (PLDs) are known to catalyze transphosphatidylation as well as hydrolysis of phospholipids. Transphosphatidylation of lysoplasmalogen (LyPls)‐specific phospholipase D (LyPls‐PLD), which catalyzes hydrolysis of ether lysophospholipids such as LyPls and 1‐hexadecyl‐2‐hydroxy‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine (Lyso‐PAF), still remains unclear. This study aims to reveal the transphosphatidylation activity of LyPls‐PLD, that is, the production of cyclic ether lysophospholipid. The enzymatic reaction is conducted in a buffer system, and the reaction products of a novel LyPls‐PLD from Thermocrispum sp. are investigated using mass spectrometry (MS). MS analyses demonstrate the reaction products to consist of 100% 1‐hexadecyl‐2‐hydroxy‐sn‐glycero‐2,3‐cyclic‐phosphate (cLyPA) and choline from Lyso‐PAF; however, 1‐alkenyl‐2‐hydroxy‐sn‐glycero‐2,3‐cyclic‐phosphate from 1‐O‐1′‐(Z)‐octadecenyl‐2‐hydroxy‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine and 1‐O‐1′‐(Z)‐octadecenyl‐2‐hydroxy‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphoethanolamine is not produced. These results are expected to help in elucidating the catalytic mechanism of LyPls‐PLD, that is, the rate‐limiting step, and indicate LyPls‐PLD to be useful for the one‐pot synthesis of cLyPA. Practical Applications: A novel phospholipase D, LyPls‐PLD, can exclusively synthesize cLyPA from Lyso‐PAF using a one‐step enzymatic reaction without an organic solvent. cLyPA could be expected to show bioactivities similar to those of cyclic phosphatidic acid, which promotes normal cell differentiation, hyaluronic acid synthesis, antiproliferative activity in fibroblasts, and inhibitory activity toward cancer cell invasion and metastasis.     

(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯的负离子聚合Ⅰ.聚合特点及适用的单官能团引发剂体系

综合分析了近年来有关(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯负离子聚合所取得的成就,包括该类单体对负离子聚合的重要意义、聚合难点和解决办法.介绍了聚合特点和单官能团引发剂体系.     

短碳链烷基多糖苷的合成技术研究

以葡萄糖和正丁醇为原料,考察了此非均相反应体系中反应温度、催化剂对合成短碳锭烷基多糖苷的反应过程的影响。结果表明,在最佳工艺条件时,糖的转人弦可达９９．５％,反应动力学研究的结果显示,该反应为假一级反应,表观反应速率常数Ｋ＝０．０４０３６,活化能Ｅａ＝３７１０６ＪＩ／ｍｏｌ。     

提高复合驱油体系的抗钙镁能力研究

针对中原油田的胡状原油 ,在已筛选出SD驱油剂的基础上 ,在配方中添加两性离子表面活性剂 ,使原有配方的抗钙镁能力由 35 0mg/L提高到 2 0 0 0mg/L。并在SD复合驱油体系中进行了阳离子聚合物抗钙镁能力的研究。     

两性表面活性剂（七）：两性表面活性剂的应用

介绍了两性表面活性剂在许多领域,如个人洗护用品、民用洗涤剂、工业洗涤剂及其他工业中的应用。指出两性表面性剂在个人洗护用品及民用洗涤剂中应用的最大意义可能体现在对其他表面活性剂,特别是阴离子表面活性剂的解毒性,同时指出两性表面活性剂的任何应用都与协合效应或复配效应有很大关系。所有洗涤剂配方都是在成本要求与对表面活性剂及被洗涤对象的应用限制条件之间平取平衡的结果,因此,可以预期在两种情形下会使用两性表面活性剂：一是在不考虑成本的前提下,二是在特殊应用条件下如极端pH等情形。