面向高密度柔性集成电路封装基板的精密视觉检测算法

高密度柔性集成电路(IC)封装基板是电子组件的核心载体, 其制造过程中的刻蚀、显影等工艺需要严格的品质控制. 本文开发了一种融合金相显微镜与工业相机的成像视觉检测系统, 用于柔性IC封装基板的图像采集与品质控制. 针对显微成像视野小、易离焦等问题, 提出了一种基于中值的三元模式局部纹理快速自动对焦算法. 此外,针对高倍镜下柔性IC封装氧化缺陷分布不均匀问题, 引入微分几何工具, 利用曲率等几何特征提出了一种基于动态曲线演化的高精度表面氧化分布特征检测模型. 通过定性与定量的实验研究, 验证了两种算法在快速性和高精度方面的优越性能.     

芙蓉李果实成熟期间的综合品质评价指标筛选与表观预测模型构建

科学评价芙蓉李果实成熟期间的营养品质。方法 以福建省主栽品种芙蓉李为研究对象,对其成熟期间果糖、葡萄糖、蔗糖、苹果酸、奎尼酸、琥珀酸、柠檬酸、富马酸、矢车菊素-3-芸香糖苷、矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷、多酚、黄酮、类胡萝卜素等13个品质指标进行分析和综合评价。结果 芙蓉李成熟期间,各品质指标的含量变化存在显著差异（P＜0.05）,综合运用相关分析、因子分析、绝对因子分析-多元线性回归（Absolute Principal Component Scores-Multiple Linear Regression,APCS-MLR）分析筛选可反映芙蓉李综合品质的主要指标。因子分析提取出三个主因子,贡献率分别为52.68%、23.47%、11.65%,累计贡献率为87.79%。综合APCS-MLR等数理统计分析,主因子1主要对果糖、矢车菊素-3-芸香糖苷、矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷贡献较大,贡献率分别为53.00%、73.85%、55.54%;主因子2主要对蔗糖、富马酸、果糖、柠檬酸的贡献率较大,分别为28.26%、18.70%、16.14%、15.59%;主因子3主要对多酚（29.13%）和黄酮（28.28%）有较大贡献率;选取三个主因子总贡献率高于60%的果糖、葡萄糖、矢车菊素-3-芸香糖苷、矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷作为综合品质评价的主要指标。分别对已筛选出的4个主要评价指标与色度值L*、a*、b*、c*、h°进行多元线性逐步回归分析,建立4个主要指标与色度值的表观预测模型,各模型均具有较好的拟合度,预测值与实测值的均方根误差较小;进一步验证结果表明,通过色度值对4个指标的预测具有较高的可靠性和准确性。结论 本研究筛选出的主要指标及预测模型可更加简单、便捷地评价芙蓉李期间的综合品质。     

羊肉熏制感官品质属性评价模型的建立

主要探讨不同品种、部位羊肉熏制后感官品质的差异,为羊肉加工利用提供数据支持,采集了10个品种肉羊的米龙、通脊部位肉,烟熏后进行感官属性测定,并采用方差分析、相关性分析、层次分析的方法对数据进行处理。结果显示:米龙与通脊熏制后,盐池滩羊的总体可接受性得分最高。品种对米龙熏制感官评价得分的影响大于通脊。同一品种米龙与通脊熏制羊肉的感官评价得分无明显差异(p>0.05)。最终筛选出外观、多汁性作为熏制羊肉感官品质评价的主要指标,得到熏制羊肉的感官评价模型:总评分=0.596外观+0.633多汁性-1.487(R²=0.811)。本结果既为熏制羊肉工业化生产提供依据,又为消费者理性选择熏制羊肉提供技术参考。     

野生和养殖大黄鱼(Larimchthys crocea)品质特征与差异性探究

为探究养殖与野生大黄鱼品质的差异性,与现有主要养殖模式（深水网箱S1、围网S2、多通框网箱S3、池塘S4和筏式小网箱S5）中大黄鱼的外观、质构、基本营养、脂肪酸、氨基酸、风味物质和矿物元素等进行比较。结果表明,养殖和野生大黄鱼鳞片紧致、完整,体表光泽,粘液透明,眼球饱满;野生鱼的内聚性、弹性、咀嚼性、剪切力显著高于养殖鱼（p<0.05）,养殖鱼间内聚性、剪切力差异不显著（p>0.05）;野生鱼的粗脂肪含量为9.76%,显著小于养殖鱼（10.74%~14.00%）（p<0.05）,且其粗蛋白含量为21.02%,显著高于养殖鱼（17.05%~17.35%）（p<0.05）;野生和养殖大黄鱼的脂肪酸组成中Σ饱和脂肪酸（SFA）>Σ单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）>Σ多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）,而野生鱼的Σ（二十碳五烯酸+二十二碳六烯酸）（EPA+DHA）为12.84%、ΣPUFA(n-6)为2.15%和ΣPUFA（n-3）为14.22%,均低于养殖鱼;野生鱼的总氨基酸（TAA）含量为14.64%、非必需氨基酸（NEAA）含量为7.40%、半必需氨基酸（SEAA）含量为1.31%和必需氨基酸（EAA）含量为5.93%,均显著高于养殖鱼（p<0.05）;野生和养殖鱼的次黄嘌呤核苷酸（IMP）含量分别为0.80 μmol/g和0.98~1.03 μmol/g,在所有呈味核苷酸中最高。野生鱼和养殖鱼常量元素含量Ca>K>Na>Mg,微量元素Cu含量最小。野生和养殖鱼Zn：Cu,野生、S1和S2的Zn：Fe,均在合理范围内。本研究可为提升养殖大黄鱼品质和优化养殖模式等提供依据。     

Computer simulation of plain woven fabric appearance from yarn photographs

This article proposes a method for simulating plain woven fabric appearance based on photographs taken by still camera of actual yarns along their lengths. The survey mathematically models the transformation of yarns from a straight circular cylinder to a flattened and crimped form in the fabric structure. The simulation is performed by yarn images that are obtained by image processing techniques and resized according to mathematical models developed by means of the software prepared. Transforming circular yarn cross-section to elliptical one for simulating yarn flattening and modelling the crimped shape of yarn by an elastica curve are both convenient and realistic. The simulation of plain woven fabric can be performed by a method based on raster graphics. This article provides a model for yarn shape in fabric structure as well as a method for simulating plain woven fabric appearance. This method may be used in textile industry for design and quality control.     

平纹纯棉色织面料纬密对洗后外观平整度的影响

文章主要研究了平纹纯棉色织面料在经密相同的情况下,不同的纬密对面料折皱恢复角、洗后外观平整度的影响,结果表明:折皱恢复角、洗后外观平整度与面料的纬密在设定的范围内存在很强的相关性,合理调整面料的纬密对提高面料的洗后外观平整度起很大作用,为有免熨烫要求的平纹纯棉色织面料密度设计提供了理论依据。     

颈椎枕产品设计及评价

颈椎枕产品是为人体颈椎健康服务的一类生活用品,介绍了国内外颈椎枕产品现状,综述了颈椎枕产品外观、功能设计和评价方法,以及存在问题和应有发展方向。     

提高涤粘中长纱线外观质量的措施

阐述了涤粘中长纱线外观质量存在的问题以及产生的原因,介绍了在原料、设备和操作上采取的措施和取得的效果,成纱棉结、每10万米纱疵和布面疵点格率得到提高.     

浅析清水混凝土施工质量控制

针对福厦高铁厦门北站站房工程塔柱饰面清水混凝土施工中存在的混凝土气泡、颜色不均、局部漏浆等质量缺陷进行了系统的因素分析,制定了相应的质量控制措施,经过工艺改进,塔柱清水混凝土外观达到设计要求,取得了较好的效果.     

Research on physical properties change and damage behavior of cotton fabrics dried in drum-dryer

In order to investigate the impact of the repeated drying in dryer on physical properties of cotton fabric, smoothness appearance (SA), dimensional shrinkage, bending stiffness, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo-gravimetric analyzer (TGA) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) were employed. Results showed that smoothness appearance grade of cotton fabrics significantly depended on drying cycles during first 15 drying cycles. The dimensional shrinkage of cotton fabric was slight and had no relationship with drying cycles, and the shrinkage in the warp direction (1.29-1.71%) is higher than that of weft direction (0.002-0.045%). The bending stiffness was enhanced by drum-drying based on the bending stiffness data. And found that drying had little effect on thermal stability and crystallinity of cotton fibers. This indicated that drying only affected the appearance physical properties of cotton fabric such as appearance smoothness, dimensional stability, did not change composition and molecular structure. And from multiple levels including fabric-level, yarn-level and fiber-level, explained reasons of fabric properties change (namely, damage behavior). Moreover, this finding is not only helpful to understand of damage mechanisms of cotton fabrics drying in dryer, but also provided reference for dryer manufacturers to accurately specify the types of clothing that can be dried by using a dryer.