Cooking rice in excess water reduces both arsenic and enriched vitamins in the cooked grain

This paper reports the effects of rinsing rice and cooking it in variable amounts of water on total arsenic, inorganic arsenic, iron, cadmium, manganese, folate, thiamin and niacin in the cooked grain. We prepared multiple rice varietals both rinsed and unrinsed and with varying amounts of cooking water. Rinsing rice before cooking has a minimal effect on the arsenic (As) content of the cooked grain, but washes enriched iron, folate, thiamin and niacin from polished and parboiled rice. Cooking rice in excess water efficiently reduces the amount of As in the cooked grain. Excess water cooking reduces average inorganic As by 40% from long grain polished, 60% from parboiled and 50% from brown rice. Iron, folate, niacin and thiamin are reduced by 50–70% for enriched polished and parboiled rice, but significantly less so for brown rice, which is not enriched.     

含砷酸泥固化方法研究

本文以冶炼烟气制备硫酸产生的酸泥为对象进行试验研究,结果表明:酸泥中掺入FMH、KZF、化学添加剂A便能形成固化体;将固化体置于模拟恶劣自然条件中,测出固化体浸出液含砷浓度为0.026mg/L,低于国家排放标准0.5mg/L;SEM显示:试验处理之后的固化体内部整体结构良好;XRD分析表明:固化体中形成了-Al-O-Al-As-、-Si-O-Si-As-、-Al-O-Si-As-化学长链,该类化学结构属于类陶瓷结构,具有化学稳定、高强的特性。     

Effective adsorption of As(V) and V(V) ions from water samples using 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine functionalized sodium dodecyl sulfate-coated magnetite nanoparticles

In this study, 2,4-DNPH coated magnetite was used for removal of As(V) and V(V) ions from aqueous solution. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by XRD analysis, FT-IR, SEM, and SEM-EDXS measurement. The size of the nanoparticles according to SEM was obtained as around 20–35 nm. Equilibrium isotherm data showed that the Langmuir–Freundlich model was in a good agreement with the experimental data according to high correlation coefficient. The maximum adsorption capacities of As(V) and V(V) on adsorbent were 338.4 and 266.8 mg g^?1, respectively. Kinetic study showed that the fractal like-PSO model was appropriate to describe the adsorption process. The optimum pH was obtained to be 7 and 5 for As(V) and V(V) ions, respectively.     

Modelling diffusion and adsorption of As species in Fe/GAC adsorbent beds

BACKGROUND: Arsenic decontamination of drinking water by adsorption is a simple and robust operation. When designing packed bed adsorbers for arsenic, the main problems are the slow diffusion kinetics of As in microporous media and the lack of simple equations for predicting the performance of the equipment. Commercial iron‐doped granular activated carbon adsorbents (Fe/GAC) for groundwater arsenic abatement were studied in this work. Basic parameters for arsenate (As^V) adsorption were measured and their performance at larger scale was simulated with an approximate analytical model. RESULTS: In the 0–300 µg_As L^?1 range, the As^V adsorption isotherm on Fe/GAC was found to be approximately linear. Assuming Henry's law for adsorption and homogeneous surface diffusion with constant diffusivity for intrapellet mass transfer, an approximate model for flow and adsorption of arsenate inside packed bed adsorbers was developed, and reduced to an analytic compact solution using the quasi‐lognormal distribution (Q‐LND) approximation. The use of this model with fitted and reported parameters enabled the approximate simulation of industrial adsorbers and home point‐of‐use filters. Results show that industrial adsorbers meet the breakthrough condition with incomplete utilization of the adsorbent unless convenient process configurations are used. In point‐of‐use systems with short residence times intraparticle diffusion would drastically reduce the adsorbent performance. CONCLUSION: Assuming linear adsorption of As^V over Fe/GAC, an analytical approximate solution for flow and adsorption in packed beds can be obtained. The model seems to represent correctly the main features of industrial and home filters, however, more experimental data is necessary for scale‐up purposes. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定载金炭中砷

用硝酸和硫酸消解载金炭样品,通过加热消解除去样品中的炭基体,以硫脲-抗坏血酸为还原剂,使溶液中的As(Ⅴ)还原为As(Ⅲ),用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定载金炭中砷含量。方法检出限为0.093 mg/L。选取5个不同含量的样品进行测定,测定结果的相对标准偏差在1.59%~5.52%之间(n=7),加标回收率在96%~101%之间。     

Selective removal of As from arsenic-bearing dust rich in Pb and Sb

The selective removal of arsenic from arsenic-bearing dust containing Pb and Sb in alkaline solution was studied. The influence of NaOH concentration, temperature, leaching time, liquid to solid ratio, and the presence of elemental sulfur on the dissolution of As, Sb and Pb in NaOH solution was investigated. The results indicate that the presence of elemental sulfur can effectively prevent leaching of lead and antimony from arsenic. The Sb₂O₃, As₂O₃ and Pb₅(AsO₄)₃OH in the raw material convert to NaSb(OH)₆ and PbS in the leaching residue, while arsenic is leached out as As(III) or As(V) ions in the leaching solution. Arsenic leaching efficiency of 99.84% can be achieved under the optimized conditions, while 97.82% of Sb and 99.97% of Pb remain in the leach residue with the arsenic concentration of less than 0.1%. A novel route is presented for the selective removal of arsenic and potential recycle of lead and antimony from the arsenic-bearing dust leached by NaOH solutions with the addition of elemental sulfur.     

煤矿开采沉陷移动变形预测

为了预测评价开采沉陷对矿区环境的影响,正确选择环境保护措施,必须对开采沉陷引起的地表下沉、倾斜、曲率、水平变形等移动变形值、地表移动持续的时间和最大下沉速度、开采沉陷的范围、冒落带和导水裂隙带的高度以及采动过程中地表移动变形等进行预测,本文将介绍几种预测方法.