Microdroplet and Atomic Force Microscopy Probe Assisted Formation of Acidic Thin Layers for Silicon Nanostructuring

In this work, an aqueous acidic thin‐layer‐based strategy for fabricating nanostructures on silicon by using atomic force microscopy (AFM) nanolithography is presented. The approach involves the formation of microscale droplets via dilute hydrofluoride (DHF) etching, the conversion of the droplets to acidic thin layers by AFM‐probe scanning, and subsequent lithographic operations using a biased probe in the aqueous layers. By varying the concentration of the acidic DHF layers, the thin layers can facilitate the creation of both positive and negative patterns, such as oxide dots and Si pores, through anodic oxidation and dissolution. In particular, the anodic oxidation in the acidic media is associated with the field‐enhanced nonequilibrium dissociation of the weak electrolyte. The Si pore structure formation is related to the field‐assisted dissolution of anodic oxides and the Si substrate. The acidic‐layer‐based technique allows switching between different lithographic modes by changing the acidity of the DHF layers, and is complementary to bulk solution‐based and local meniscus‐based approaches in AFM nanolithography. In principle, this method can also be extended to other materials that have similar reactions with DHF.     

某型舰炮环形薄壁结构件加工质量控制

针对某型舰炮环形薄壁结构件加工质量不稳定问题,从该环形薄壁结构件的加工方法、数控编程、刀具选择、切削用量选择及校正等多方面进行了探讨,提出了解决问题的工艺措施与途径,提高了该零件的加工质量。     

硬脆材料切割过程中基于线锯速度的切割力自适应控制

光学玻璃、工程陶瓷以及硅基材料等硬脆材料因其良好的物理性质和化学性质而广泛应用于光学工程及集成电路等高尖端技术领域,但低塑性、高脆性的物理特性会导致其切片在切割过程中易出现效率低和表面质量较差等问题。为提高切片表面质量,建立了金刚石线锯切割过程中线锯速度与切割力的模型,设计最小方差自校正控制器对切割力进行在线实时控制。实验结果表明：所设计的最小方差自校正器能够降低线锯切割系统中切片所受的切割力波动,使切割力趋于稳定;与定参数切割条件下所得的切片进行比较,采用最小方差自校正控制策略切割完成的工件表面形貌较为平整,表面粗糙度值降低约30%.     

定向反射膨胀装置作用特性研究

为实现冲击波尽量小的高效后坐,提出了定向反射膨胀原理,设计了相应的装置。运用一维准定常气体动力学理论,建立了气体动力学模型,根据实际情况选定模型参数进行数值分析,得到了装置减后坐效率及弹丸炮口初速等理论分析结果; 根据理论分析结果确定了实验装置的基本参数,设计实验并在某30 mm口径的火炮上进行定向反射膨胀装置的实验验证。实验测试结果表明,理论分析结果与实验测试结果基本一致,验证了定向反射膨胀装置作用特性研究的正确性,为定向反射膨胀原理及装置的继续研究打下了基础。     

基于DSP的车载点烟器弹出力测量系统设计

点烟器目前已经成为汽车的必备品,其机械性能对于驾乘安全与用户体验至关重要。针对汽车厂商实际需求,设计一套专业、高效的车载点烟器弹出力测量系统,从而对其机械性能进行有效检验与评估。本系统从功能实现角度可理解为一个基于嵌入式系统的集数据采集、数据分析等功能于一体的电子系统。系统以TI公司专用于控制、测量领域的TMS320F2812系列DSP芯片为核心处理器设计采集系统,利用Visual Basic 6.0开发环境设计上位机用户操作平台。结合系统所要实现功能给出完整的解决方案,详细介绍了硬件电路的工作原理及系统固件和用户端软件的设计实现。系统最终进行了工业级实测,实现了对点烟器弹出力多周期高精度的测量,利用上位机软件可以对测量结果进行显示、分析与存储。     

激光脉冲波形对推力器性能的影响

激光推力器性能优化是激光推力器研究的重要组成部分。受硬件条件的限制,激光推进领域激光脉冲时间波形对推力器性能影响的研究并未广泛展开。以两台CO2激光器的实际脉冲波形为基准,建立了两组激光能量输入模型,其波形时间分布相似,单脉冲能量相同,但脉冲持续时间及峰值功率不同。数值计算比较了不同脉冲波形下抛物型激光推力器的性能,结果表明:峰值功率和脉冲持续时间是影响推力器性能的重要参数,高功率短持续时间的脉冲波形更有利于提高冲量耦合系数和推力;两种实际脉冲波形的冲量耦合系数数值计算结果分别为40.9×10-5N.s/J,30.0×10-5N.s/J,与文献报道实验测量结果基本吻合。为激光推进CO2激光器的脉冲波形设计提供支持及研究思路,具有一定参考价值。     

Acquisition of high-precision images for non-contact atomic force microscopy

The atomic force microscope (AFM) system has evolved into a useful tool for direct measurements of intermolecular forces with atomic-resolution characterization that can be employed in a broad spectrum of applications. The distance between cantilever tip and sample surface in non-contact AFM is a time-varying parameter even for a fixed sample height, and typically difficult to identify. A remedy to this problem is to directly identify the sample height in order to generate high-precision atomic-resolution images. For this, the microcantilever (which forms the basis for the operation of AFM) is modeled as a single mode approximation and the interaction between the sample and cantilever is derived from a van der Waals potential. Since in most practical applications only the microcantilever deflection is accessible, we will use merely this measurement to identify the sample height. In most non-contact AFMs, cantilevers with high-quality factors are employed essentially for acquiring high-resolution images. However, due to high-quality factor, the settling time is relatively large and the required time to achieve a periodic motion is long. As a result, identification methods based on amplitude and phase measurements cannot be efficiently utilized. The proposed method overcomes this shortfall by using a small fraction of the transient motion for parameter identification, so the scanning speed can be increased significantly. Furthermore, for acquiring atomic-scale images of atomically flat samples, the need for feedback loop to achieve setpoint amplitude is basically eliminated. On the other hand, for acquiring atomic-scale images of highly uneven samples, a simple PI controller is designed to track the desired constant sample height. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the feasibility of the approach for both sample height identification and tracking the desired sample height.     

Thermal reliability and performances of InGaP schottky contact with Cu/Au and Au/Cu-MSM photodetectors

We report the Schottky performance and thermal reliability of a wide bandgap InGaP layer in contact with a Cu/Au metallic system. An effective Schottky barrier height of 0.97 eV and an ideality factor of 1.21 can be achieved. The thermal reliability of the resultant Schottky barrier diodes was analyzed using Auger electron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. The thermal reliability could be main tained up to 450°C. The failure mechanism was attributable to the decomposition of the InGaP layer and the interdiffusion of the chemical elements at higher temperature. Insensitive photoresponsivity with the in cident optical power was found for the resultant Au/Cu-metal-semiconductor-metalphotodetectors (MSM-PDs). According to the measured temporal response of the Au/Cu-MSM-PDs, the operation frequency could be above 10 GHz.     

压电陶瓷银层附着力及其影响因素

通过瓷件表面粗糙度、瓷件的清洗方式、烧渗银温度和曲线等工艺过程的试验,研究了压电陶瓷银层附着力的影响因素。结果表明主要影响因素是瓷件表面粗糙度、清洁度以及银层烧结温度和曲线。在实际应用中,如果用天然石榴石金刚砂W40微粉细磨瓷件表面,再采用超声波清洗及煅烧,然后在780℃左右烧渗银,可使附着力达到最大,约1800N/cm2。     

In对Sn9Zn钎料润湿性能的影响

为了提高Sn9Zn共晶钎料的钎焊性能,通过合金化的方法添加了少量元素In,制备了Sn9Zn-xIn钎料。从钎料合金的熔化特性、润湿特性、界面显微结构和母材粗糙度这四个方面评价了不同In含量对Sn9Zn钎料润湿性能的影响。试验结果表明:少量元素In的添加可以降低钎料的熔点;随着In含量的增加,钎料的润湿力增大,润湿时间缩短,润湿性有明显提高;In含量增加,润湿界面层中Cu5Zn8化合物层厚度增加;对母材表面进行毛化处理,通过改变母材表面的微观几何结构,增大钎料与母材的相对接触面积,从而改善钎料的润湿性能。