煤制乙炔关键中间体BaC2合成的热力学分析

煤制电石(CaC₂)乙炔工艺在我国煤化工行业中占有重要地位。但其关键中间体CaC₂的工业生产过程具有反应温度高、能耗大、CO₂排放严重等问题,严重制约了电石及下游相关产业的发展。开发绿色环保的煤制电石替代工艺具有重要意义。本研究提出采用BaC₂替代CaC₂作为煤制乙炔工艺的关键中间体,从热力学角度分析了BaC₂合成反应体系的特点,并在1550℃进行了合成BaC₂的实验验证。结果表明,以BaC₂替代CaC₂为煤制乙炔的关键中间体、通过BaCO₃-BaC₂-Ba(OH)₂-BaCO₃的钡循环将碳和二氧化碳转化为乙炔和一氧化碳的新路线,具有反应温度低、零CO₂排放、联产CO、固废排放少等优点,可以为现代煤化工的绿色发展提供新的思路。     

Investigation of the effect of surface phosphate ester dispersant on viscosity by coarse-grain modeling of BaTiO slurry

To understand the role of phosphate ester dispersant, we investigated the rheology of a BaTiO slurry. For the model case, a coarse-grain molecular dynamics (CGMD) simulation was performed with the butyral polymer didodecyl hydrogen phosphate (DHP) in the toluene/ethanol solvent. By systematically analyzing the effect of DHP from an atomic-scale first principle and from all-atom MD to microscale CGMD simulation, we investigated how the adsorption of a DHP dispersant on a BaTiO surface affects the microstructure rheology of a BaTiO slurry. The first-principle and all-atom MD simulation suggests that DHP molecules prefer to locate near the BaTiO surface. CGMD simulation shows a reduction in viscosity with an increase in dispersants, suggesting that the dispersant population near the BaTiO surface plays a key role in controlling the rheology of the BaTiO slurry. In this study, we propose an approach for understanding the BaTiO slurry with molecular-level simulations, which would be a useful tool for efficient optimization of slurry preparation.     

Niobium oxide-activated yttrium barium titanate nanorod structured ceramics for energy storage applications

Structure, morphology, and electrical properties of 10 mol% of Nb₂O₅-activated yttrium barium titanate (BT) Ba_(60-z)Ti_(40-x)Nb_zY_xO₃ (BTY₁₀Nb₁₀), barium titanate (BT), and 10 mol% of Y₂O₃-activated BT were explored with calcination and sintering temperatures of 1000°C at 8 h and 1200°C at 6 h, respectively. The thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry (TG–DSC) analysis reported that the total weight loss and residual mass of BT at 1300°C were 16.8 and 83.2%, respectively. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern confirmed that BTY₁₀Nb₁₀ ceramics containing the BaNbO₃ phase were developed. A Raman band of BT at 307 cm^–1 unveiled a blue shift slightly for BTY₁₀ to 298 cm^–1 and for BTY₁₀Nb₁₀ to 306 cm^–1. Average pore area of the ferroelectric BTY₁₀Nb₁₀ was found to be 6.96 nm for the total scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image area of 20.31 nm. Formation of BT nanorods analyzed from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been reported in three samples that regulate surface roughness. Moreover, Nyquist diagram of BTY₁₀Nb₁₀ shows two overlapping semicircles as a function of frequency. Nanorod structures led to change the morphology and surface roughness. Recoverable energy storage density and energy storage efficiency were estimated as 2.63 µJ/cm³ and 57%, and BTY₁₀Nb₁₀ ferroelectric showed potential for energy storage applications due to changes in surface morphology and porosity.     

掺杂Y2O3对BaZr0.1Ti0.9O3陶瓷电介质性能的影响

研究了掺杂量不同的Y2O3对BaZr0.1R.9O3微观形貌及介电性能的影响.实验发现:通过XRD物相分析,所有试样均形成典型的钙钛矿结构的主晶相,说明钇掺杂并未改变锆钛酸钡的晶型结构.一定量的Y2O3可抑制晶粒的长大,使晶粒细化,降低气孔率,试样得到致密化.当Y2O3的掺入量为0.05mol％时,试样的介电损耗最小.Y2O3掺杂可提高锫钛酸钡陶瓷居里点处的介电常数,展宽介电温谱,提高材料的实际应用性.     

掺铥氟化钇钡晶体的生长和光谱性能

采用提拉法生长了掺铥氟化钇钡（Tm3＋：BaY2F8,Tm：BYF）激光晶体。通过X射线衍射和光谱测试研究了晶体的相组成和光谱特征。结果表明：晶体属于单斜晶系,空间群C2/m,计算的晶胞参数：a=0.699 28 nm,b=1.052 93 nm,c=0.427 51 nm,β=99.69°。在吸收光谱中,室温下791...     

分光光度法测定赤泥中水溶性硫酸根的含量

氧化铝冶炼排出的固体粉状废弃物（赤泥）中含有硫酸根离子,用铬酸钡分光光度法测定赤泥中的水溶性硫酸根,在波长420nm处,硫酸根在0～0．12mg／mL范围内与铬酸根吸光度呈线性关系,加标回收率在98％～106％。该法可用于测定赤泥中水溶性硫酸根含量。     

Ca-B-Si掺杂对Ba（Zn1／3Ta2／3）O3陶瓷介电性能的影响

采用固相烧结法制备了添加烧结助剂Ca–B–Si（CBS）微晶玻璃的Ba（Zn1/3Ta2/3）O3（BZT）陶瓷。研究了CBS添加量对BZT陶瓷烧结温度和微波介电性能的影响。结果表明,CBS起到助溶剂的作用,添加CBS降低了BZT陶瓷的烧结温度,并改善了微波介电性能。添加2%（质量分数）的CBS时,BZT的烧结温度从纯...     

填料对四丙氟橡胶耐腐蚀性能的影响

试验研究二氧化锡、硫酸钡、石墨和白炭黑对四丙氟橡胶耐腐蚀性能的影响.结果表明:4种填料填充的四丙氟橡胶经热氧老化后硬度和拉伸强度增大,经盐酸和气相硫化氢腐蚀后物理性能明显下降;石墨的加入有助于提高四丙氟橡胶的耐盐酸和气相硫化氢腐蚀的能力,石墨的最佳用量为10份.     

浮选萃取分光光度法测定钛酸钡中痕量硅的研究

研究了应用浮选萃取光度法的原理测定钛酸钡中痕量硅的方法。在pH为1.2时,硅与钼酸铵生成硅钼杂多酸(硅钼黄),用抗血酸将其还原为硅钼蓝,当通入空气时,生成的硅钼蓝吸附在气泡上,随气泡上升到有机相,最终浮选分离进入异戊醇。络合物最大吸收波长位于803 nm,硅含量在0～1.4 mg/L范围内符合比尔定律,摩尔吸光系数为3×104 L/(mol.cm),相关系数为0.996 7,加标回收率在96%～102.5%。该方法集分离与测定于一体,具有灵敏度高、选择性好、方便、快速的特点,可用于钛酸钡中硅的测定。     

无机盐生产中的锶钡分离

锶钡分离对于生产高纯锶、钡盐及利用高锶 钡矿或高钡锶矿具有重要意义。介绍、评论了沉淀、离子交换、溶剂萃取等方法的研究和在无机盐工业中应用的情况。