Residual Stresses in a Wo-Phase Microcracking Ceramic

Residual stresses in a SiC-TiB₂ particulate composite before and after stressing have been measured using X-ray diffraction. Tensile residual stresses in the TiB₂ drop by 60% after bending stresses of 250 MPa are applied. Likewise, the compressive residual stresses in the Sic phase decrease accordingly. Such behavior is consistent with stress-induced microcracking.     

硬质合金刀具月牙洼磨损定量化实验研究

定量研究了细晶粒硬质合金刀具切削钛合金TC4过程中,不同切削参数对月牙洼磨损演变速率和磨损体积的影响。采用等高线图描绘不同切削参数下月牙洼的磨损形貌,求解月牙洼每一个磨损深度下等高线所围区域的面积,并阐述等高线所围区域面积随其磨损深度变化的关系。引入月牙洼磨损演变速率,用于表征月牙洼沿其磨损深度方向磨损的快慢程度,分析了切削参数对月牙洼磨损演变速率的影响规律。求解出不同切削参数下月牙洼的磨损体积,分析了切削速度、进给率和工件材料去除率对月牙洼磨损体积的影响规律。研究结果表明,切削速度是影响月牙洼磨损体积的主导因素。     

CaTiO_3掺杂对BST铁电电容器陶瓷性能的影响

采用固相法制备了CaTiO3掺杂的(Ba0.65Sr0.35)TiO3(BST)陶瓷,研究了CaTiO3掺杂量对BST电容器陶瓷介电性能和微观结构的影响。结果表明:随着CaTiO3掺杂量的增加,BST陶瓷的相对介电常数(εr)先增大然后减小然后增大,介质损耗(tanδ)和交流耐压强度(Eb)先增大然后减小。当CaTiO3掺杂量为摩尔分数10%时,BST陶瓷的综合介电性能较好:εr为4480,tanδ为0.022,Eb为5.8×103V/mm(AC),容温特性符合Y5U特性。     

双色三光子共振电离测量钐原子高激发态4f~6s7S新能级

本文报道用双色三光子共振电离法测量钐原子高激发态78个新能级。这些新测定的偶宇称能级属于4f~66s7S电子构型,位于33477～37758cm~(-1)能量范围。     

钛合金表面激光熔覆Ti C复合涂层的设计

钛合金具有比强度高、耐腐蚀性能好等优点, 但其硬度低、耐磨性能差, 限制了它在航空工程摩擦构件和生物医学工程上的应用。研究自行设计了3种预涂粉层的成分, 采用HL-5000型横流CO2激光加工机在TC4钛合金表面相应地制备了TiC+Ti、 TiC+Ti+ F102和TiC+ F102 3种熔覆层。通过SEM, EDAX, XRD, HXD-1000TMC型显微硬度计, HT-600型高温摩擦磨损试验机, 分析了熔覆层的显微组织、成分、物相, 测试了激光熔覆层的显微硬度和滑动摩擦磨损性能。结果表明: (TiC+Ti+ F102)和(TiC+ F102)熔覆层有可能用于航空结构材料;而(TiC+Ti)熔覆层有希望用于生物医学功能材料, 但仍需作进一步的研究。     

激光淬火对钛合金高温干摩擦特性影响的实验研究

报道了钛合金TC11对轴承钢GCr15在室温到450℃大气环境下,激光淬火前后球盘对比研究。结果表明,经激光处理后,钛合金在150℃和300℃抗磨能力明显提高,但在室温和450℃改善不明显。     

波长自动调谐的钛宝石脉冲激光系统

本文叙述了脉冲钛宝石激光系统的光路安置和单片波长调谐机构;介绍了钛宝石脉冲激光的输出特性。     

Brookite Formation in TiO2?Ag Nanocomposites and Visible‐Light‐Induced Templated Growth of Ag Nanostructures in TiO2

TiO₂? Ag‐nanocomposites exhibit various desirable properties that make them suitable for a variety of applications, for example in photocatalysis and as bactericidal coatings. In this work, a new method for processing TiO₂? Ag nanocomposites is presented. The nanocomposite films are fabricated from one precursor solution with high silver loading of up to 50%. The resulting films exhibit a microstructure consisting of TiO₂? Ag_xO nanocomposites with a largely XRD‐amorphous TiO₂ matrix containing brookite nanocrystals. This specific microstructure absorbs in the visible range so that photoreduction of Ag ions can be accomplished by using visible light. The thin films can be patterned using simple shadow masks. The illuminated areas show a high density of self‐organized nanoparticles (SNPs) and nanorods (SNRs), which are templated by the TiO₂ porous network. The particle size can be tuned by varying the irradiation time. Most of the SNPs and SNRs form faceted crystals, which are mostly a combination of {111} and {110}. The application of these films as substrates for surface‐enhanced Raman scattering is shown. Enhancement factors as high as 4.6 × 10⁶ could be obtained using rhodamine 6G dye molecules. More applications should involve photocatalytic water purification using visible light.     

NBT-KBT-BT系弛豫铁电体的弥散相变研究

采用传统压电陶瓷固相合成法制得纯钙钛矿相的(1.002-5x)NBT-4xKBT-(x-0.002)BT(x=0.026,0.028,0.030,0.032,0.034)(简写为BNBKT100x)系弛豫铁电体。通过X-射线衍射(XRD)分析,当x=0.030时为三方、四方两相共存,为该体系的准同型相界。系列样品的介电温谱显示在室温到500℃之间存在两个介电反常峰,分别对应于陶瓷材料的铁电-反铁电-顺电相变。同时发现该系列样品显示出弛豫铁电体特性。并用成分起伏理论解释了这种弛豫弥散相变。     

超声辅助钛合金激光沉积成形试验研究

借鉴超声振动在铸造、焊接、熔覆等领域中的作用,将超声振动引入钛合金激光沉积成形系统中,利用超声作用细化晶粒,均匀组织成分,减小试件的残余应力,从而解决成形件变形开裂的难题。针对成形系统的结构特点,搭建了超声振动系统,进行了超声振动辅助钛合金沉积成形试验。通过观察沉积试件的微观组织和对试件残余应力的测试,发现超声振动使试件熔覆层中的晶粒得到细化,使功能梯度材料试件中的TiC硬质相弥散均匀;并且能够减小试件的残余应力。测试结果表明超声空化或机械效应可以打碎由初生枝晶交错连接形成的固态结晶网,从而细化了晶粒,同时使继续结晶时熔体得到补充,减小了枝晶间产生的拉应力;另外超声波在熔池中的搅拌声流将使硬质相运动到熔池各处,使之分布更为均匀,在一定程度上减少了相与相之间凝固收缩应力的不同而产生的凝固应力。