基于钠基吸附剂的烟气脱碳系统余热利用研究

针对基于钠基固体吸附剂的燃烧后脱碳技术应用于燃煤电厂后综合能耗偏高的问题,本文提出与供热机组结合的碳捕集/供热双机组系统,利用低温热网回水回收系统低品位余热。依据双机组的抽汽混合与否构建了两种系统流程,分析了两种不同方案下的系统性能。研究结果表明,在有效回收脱碳系统碳酸化反应余热后,独立抽汽方案中碳捕集综合能耗从4.05GJ/t CO₂降低至1.26GJ/t CO₂,而混合抽汽方案中碳捕集综合能耗降低至1.13GJ/t CO₂,同时双机组系统的热网供热量较单供热机组分别增加了67.5%和72.8%,经济效益显著。分析了混合抽汽方案的系统中碳捕集综合能耗随相关运行参数变化的规律,发现碳酸化反应温度和热网回水温度因为能够直接影响系统余热利用程度因而更易对碳捕集综合能耗产生影响。     

基于钙基吸收剂煅烧/碳酸化循环吸收CO2研究进展

对钙基吸收剂煅烧/碳酸化循环吸收CO2的最新研究进展进行了阐述,包括反应条件对钙基吸收剂吸收CO2的影响,如压力、颗粒粒度、反应时间及SO2存在等因素,和提高钙基吸收剂吸收CO2的各种方法,如采用添加剂、进行水合反应等.提出了一种提高钙基吸收剂吸收CO2能力的可能方法:对钙基吸收剂进行闪蒸改性,以优化吸收剂的孔隙结构.     

Dye‐affinity hollow‐fibres and their lysozyme adsorption–desorption characteristics

Dye‐affinity adsorption is increasingly used for protein separation. Hollow‐fibres have advantages as adsorbents in comparison to conventional bead supports because they are not compressible and can eliminate internal diffusion limitations. The aim of this study was to explore in detail the performance of polyamide hollow‐fibres to which Reactive Green HE‐4BD was attached for adsorption of lysozyme. The hollow‐fibre was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. These dye‐carrying hollow‐fibres (26.3 µmol g^?1) were used in the lysozyme adsorption–elution studies. The effect of initial concentration of lysozyme and medium pH on the adsorption efficiency of dye‐attached hollow‐fibres was studied in a batch system. The non‐specific adsorption of lysozyme on the polyamide hollow‐fibres was 1.8 mg g^?1. Reactive Green HE‐4BD attachment significantly increased the lysozyme adsorption up to 41.1 mg g^?1. Langmuir adsorption model was found to be applicable in interpreting lead adsorption by Reactive Green HE‐4BD attached hollow fibres. Significant amount of the adsorbed lysozyme (up to 95%) was eluted in 1 h in the elution medium containing 1.0 M NaSCN at pH 8.0. In order to determine the effects of adsorption conditions on possible conformational changes of lysozyme structure, fluorescence spectrophotometry was employed. We concluded that polyamide dye‐affinity hollow‐fibres can be applied for lysozyme adsorption without causing any significant conformational changes. Repeated adsorption–elution processes showed that these dye‐attached hollow‐fibres are suitable for lysozyme adsorption. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry     

钙基吸收剂脱硫反应特性的研究

本文对两种钙基吸收剂－ＣａＯ和Ｃａ（ＯＨ）２的脱硫反应机理进行了试验研究。对两者的反应活性进行了比较，并就一些因素对脱硫活性和影响作了研究，所得结论对脱硫反应的优化，脱硫剂的选择及干法ＦＧＤ装置的开发和研制有参考意义。     

Sorption‐Enhanced Steam Reforming of Ethanol: Thermodynamic Comparison of CO2 Sorbents

A thermodynamic analysis is performed with a Gibbs free energy minimization method to compare the conventional steam reforming of ethanol (SRE) process and sorption‐enhanced SRE (SE‐SRE) with three different sorbents, namely, CaO, Li₂ZrO₃, and hydrotalcite‐like compounds (HTlc). As a result, the use of a CO₂ adsorbent can enhance the hydrogen yield and provide a lower CO content in the product gas at the same time. The best performance of SE‐SRE is found to be at 500 °C with an HTlc sorbent. Nearly 6 moles hydrogen per mole ethanol can be produced, when the CO content in the vent stream is less than 10 ppm, so that the hydrogen produced via SE‐SRE with HTlc sorbents can be directly used for fuel cells. Higher pressures do not favor the overall SE‐SRE process due to lower yielding of hydrogen, although CO₂ adsorption is enhanced.     

廉价吸附剂对染料的吸附、解吸与再生

本文研究了六种廉价吸附剂对七种染料的吸附,解吸与再生值,并讨论了吸附过程的结合力.针对吸附质与吸附剂之间的作用类型对吸附剂的应用与再生提出了建议。     

Intensification of ore concentration and sorption extraction of metals from technogenic raw material

A review of the research data on energy effect produced on the processing behavior of minerals and ores is presented. It is experimentally found that treatment of ores by accelerated electrons fosters the ore weakening and the selectivity of dissociation. Thermal modification of natural sorbents and ultrasonic effect application allow reaching the tenfold increase in sorption and kinetics of the mass-exchange processes and sorption technologies. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 3, pp. 129–139, May–June, 2007.     

W型火焰煤粉炉两段喷钙脱硫技术的试验研究

针对燥粉炉内钙基固硫剂燃绕脱硫率低的难题，研究了W型火焰燥粉炉一次风燃烧区域烟气温度和烟气成分的动态变化规律。在研究添加剂量和添加方式对燃绕脱硫率影响的基础上，提出了分级配风两段喷钙脱硫技术的方案，从而实现一次风燃绕高温区域和中温燃绕区域的同时脱硫，使脱硫剂在高温还原区域生成CaS，在中温氧化区域生成CaSO4，从而避免了CaSO4在高温区域的分解，使Ca／S＝3时燥粉炉的脱硫效率达到71．2％。图2表2参4     

焚烧过程中氯对重金属形态的影响及脱氯特性研究

目前我国国内还普遍缺乏对危险废弃物焚烧处理的机理研究，尤其是焚烧过程中关于氯、重金属排放及二者之间关系的基础研究。从这一点出发，着重研究了典型危险废弃物之一染料残渣在小型管式炉中焚烧过程中氯化氢的排放特性；并利用化学热力学平衡方法计算了焚烧过程中氯元素对多种常见重金属的排放影响；初步研究了在利用回转窑处理危险废弃物时，两种脱氯剂对烟气中氯的脱除效果。