Development of silver nanoparticles‐loaded calcium alginate beads embedded in gelatin scaffolds for use as wound dressings

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)‐loaded calcium alginate beads embedded in gelatin scaffolds were developed to sustain and maintain the release of silver (Ag⁺) ions over an extended time period. The UV irradiation technique was used to reduce Ag⁺ ions in alginate solution to AgNPs. The average sizes of AgNPs ranged between ca 20 and ca 22 nm. The AgNPs‐loaded calcium alginate beads were prepared by electrospraying of a sodium alginate solution containing AgNPs into calcium chloride (CaCl₂) solution. The AgNPs‐loaded calcium alginate beads were then embedded into gelatin scaffolds. The release characteristics of Ag⁺ ions from both the AgNPs‐loaded calcium alginate beads and the AgNPs‐loaded calcium alginate beads embedded in gelatin scaffolds were determined in either deionized water or phosphate buffer solution at 37 °C for 7 days. Moreover, the AgNPs‐loaded calcium alginate beads embedded in gelatin scaffolds were tested for their antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry     

Characterization of Calcium Alginate Beads Containing Structurally Similar Drugs

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of alginate beads prepared by ionotropic gelation in which structurally similar drugs were incorporated. For this purpose theophylline and theobromine were selected as model drugs. The influence of incorporated drugs on bead characteristics such as size, shape, and morphology, as well as encapsulation efficiency, was examined. It was found that theobromine as well as theophylline content in beads significantly decreased with increasing hardening time due to drug diffusion into the hardening media. In theobromine beads the drug content was extremely improved by dropping the alginate and drug solution into an acidic calcium chloride solution, while theophylline content was to some extent improved by the hardening of beads in a calcium chloride solution saturated with the drug. The most evident difference between theophylline and theobromine beads was in their shape and morphology. Theobromine beads were round, while theophylline ones had an irregular shape with an extremely wrinkled surface. The distinction in shape was highly dependent on drug content. Additionally, it was demonstrated that beads' shape was dependent on preparation conditions as well. On the basis of x-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses and scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs it was found that the most of the drug in bead was present in an amorphous state. Therefore, it is suggested that some drug–alginate interactions could be present in beads and might be responsible for the different shape of theophylline and theobromine beads.

Thus it can be concluded that the preparation of beads by ionotropic gelation cannot be generalized even though structurally similar drugs are incorporated.     

离子液体桥连的聚苯乙烯负载型2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶氧化物催化剂的稳定性

研究将小分子催化剂2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶氧化物通过化学共价键键合离子液体桥连的方法负载在聚苯乙烯氯球上，制备负载型催化剂。考察其在N₂气氛的热稳定性、溶剂中的溶胀性以及两相反应体系(NaClO/NaBr、CH2Cl₂/H₂O)中的化学稳定性。结果表明，负载型催化剂在反应温度低于180 ℃表现出较好的热稳定性，且在苯甲醇催化氧化过程中可以循环使用20次，苯甲醇转化率大于95%。所得催化剂具有亲水亲油的两亲性，适用于两相体系的催化环境，比直接负载2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶氧化物的催化剂有更好的耐溶剂性及稳定性。     

聚苯胺@粉煤灰漂珠复合材料的导电及介电性能

为获得具有良好电流变性能的分散相粒子,利用γ-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APTES)修饰粉煤灰漂珠(FAFB),将聚苯胺(PAn)以化学键的方式偶联在修饰后的FAFB(mod-FAFB)表面,形成以mod-FAFB为核、PAn为壳的核-壳结构复合材料。采用FTIR、SEM、数字式四探针以及LCR介电谱仪对PAn@mod-FAFB复合材料的结构与性能进行分析,讨论了不同mod-FAFB含量对PAn@mod-FAFB复合材料导电性能及介电性能的影响。结果表明:以化学键接枝聚合的PAn@mod-FAFB核-壳结构复合材料电导率相对较高,且随mod-FAFB含量的增加而减小;在较低交变电场频率(100~2 000kHz)下其相对介电常数较大,且随mod-FAFB含量的增多,PAn@mod-FAFB复合材料的介电常数明显减小;PAn@mod-FAFB复合材料的介电损耗相对较小,随mod-FAFB含量的增多而急剧减小。     

基于玻化微珠保温混凝土的中小学校舍抗震加固与节能改造一体化研究

结合太原市某小学教学楼抗震加固工程,设计了该教学楼抗震加固与节能改造一体化方案,应用dest-c模型对其进行了抗震分析和节能分析.研究表明,玻化微珠保温混凝土在抗震加固与节能改造一体化中具有优越性.     

环氧树脂/空心玻璃微珠泡沫材料性能研究

以高强度环氧树脂为基体,表面改性处理的空心玻璃微珠(HGB)为填料,经高温固化制备了环氧树脂/HGB泡沫材料,并研究了HGB类型、HGB含量和固化剂用量对泡沫材料压缩性能的影响。研究发现,随着HGB填充量的增大,泡沫材料的密度和压缩强度均下降。当固化剂与环氧树脂物质的量比为0.85时,泡沫材料的抗压性能最好,压缩强度为40.19 MPa。偶联剂改性HGB可以有效改善HGB和基体树脂的粘合效果。当改性HGB质量分数为80%时,与未改性环氧树脂相比,环氧树脂/改性HGB泡沫材料压缩强度提高了5.0%,吸水率下降40.6%。     

工艺参数对高强拼焊B柱内板成形性能的影响

高强度拼焊板具有减轻车身重量、节能环保、改善车身安全性能等优点.针对差厚拼焊板冲压成形时,制件局部容易出现破裂、起皱和回弹过大等问题,利用有限元分析软件Dynaform对B340LA高强拼焊板B柱内板成形过程进行模拟,研究了压边力、模具间隙对B柱拼焊板成形的影响规律,并通过实验进行验证.研究结果表明,随着压边力增大,制件减薄率增大,增厚率减小,焊缝移动增大,制件回弹量减小;随着模具间隙增大,减薄率和增厚率都减小,焊缝移动增大,回弹量增大.合理工艺参数为压边力1200 kN,即该压边力为理论计算值的1.03倍,模具单边间隙为板厚的1.1倍.     

薄板TIG堆焊屈曲变形的预测

针对TIG堆焊所引起的薄板复杂屈曲变形问题,采用基于热弹塑性理论的有限元法建立薄板焊接变形预测模型,提出了数字图像相关法对预测屈曲模型进行试验验证并设计了薄板焊接变形检测试验装置. 结果表明,基于数字图像相关技术的非接触变形检测方法能够全场动态获取堆焊屈曲变形数据,全面验证了焊接变形有限元预测模型,基于高斯热源模型、非线性瞬态热传导边界条件、材料高温性能参数等的热?力耦合热弹塑性预测模型具有较高的精度.薄板焊接变形冷却后呈马鞍形,结合动态温度场与应力场,对揭示焊接马鞍形屈曲变形机理具有重要的意义.     

胎圈增强胶片在轻型载重子午线轮胎中的应用

研究胎圈增强胶片在轻型载重子午线轮胎中的应用。结果表明:胎圈增强胶片可明显提升胎圈耐久性能;与胎体帘布贴合增强胶片相比,增强胶片与胎侧型胶复合挤出可以提高生产效率、降低生产成本,并进一步提高轮胎及其胎圈的耐久性能;与使用较低硬度和模量增强胶片的轮胎相比,使用较高硬度和模量增强胶片的轮胎及其胎圈耐久性能均更好。