一种用于生物检测的半导体电场效应传感器

设计了一种简化的铝栅MOS半导体器件制作工艺流程,用6张掩模版成功制作出了基于表面电场效应原理的生物检测硅芯片传感器,采用SiO2-Si3N4复合栅介质层及耗尽型器件结构,以增强器件的识别与检测灵敏度。该传感器与常规铝栅MOS晶体管相比,去除了介质层表面的栅极导电层,代之以自组装技术制作生物薄膜并辅以栅参考电极作为控制栅极。用所制作的硅芯片传感器检测了相关生物蛋白质的电流响应,给出了该电流响应与器件沟道长度和沟道电阻及生物蛋白浓度等参数的关系,得到了较为满意的检测数据,达到了预期的基于表面电场效应的硅传感器制作和生物检测的目的。     

Photothermal Janus Anode with Photosynthesis‐Shielding Effect for Activating Low‐Temperature Biological Wastewater Treatment

Biological wastewater treatment (BWT), which is used to manage global wastewater, suffers from a sharp decrease in microbial activity at low temperature (<10 °C). Photothermal technology with a high energy efficiency theoretically exceeding 80% has the potential to activate low‐temperature BWT. However, photothermal BWT is threatened by the propagation of photosynthetic algae in wastewater under irradiation, and these microorganisms can suppress the functional bacteria or even kill anaerobic species by photosynthetically releasing oxygen. Herein, taking microbial fuel cells (MFCs) as a representative biological reactor, a photothermal Janus anode (PTJA) is designed, composed of a carbon black/polydimethylsiloxane photothermal nonporous layer and a graphite felt porous layer to promote low‐temperature BWT. Unlike traditional symmetrical porous anodes, the nonporous layer of the PTJA can isolate the wastewater in the porous layer from light irradiation during photothermal conversion, thus preventing photosynthetic algae from poisoning anaerobic functional microbes. Under ≈1 sun illumination, the PTJA MFC exhibits 1.6 and 24.2 times higher organic pollutant removal rate and power density generation, respectively, than MFCs using traditional anodes for low‐temperature BWT (7.0 ± 2.0 °C). This development can allow novel utilization of solar energy and is a promising resolution for low‐temperature BWT.     

基于生物视觉特征的SVM目标分类算法

鉴于生物视觉模型性能的优越性,提出了一种基于生物视觉特征的支持向量机(SVM)目标分类算法。生物视觉模型以Gabor滤波为基础,所得特征具有很好的表征能力,但却具有很高的维度,选择选择训练速度快、分类精度高的线性SVM来完成高维度生物视觉特征的分类取得了很好的效果。利用生物视觉模型提取具有位置和尺度不变性的目标特征,针对生物视觉特征高维度的特点选择线性支持向量机完成目标分类的任务,利用自抽样法验证算法的有效性。     

信息与通信网络安全技术——生物识别技术

随着社会公共安全和个人的自身信息安全要求的提高,生物识别技术成为安全验证的首选方式,它是一种利用人体生物特征对人进行身份识别的高科技技术。简要地介绍了生物识别技术出现的背景、生物识别技术的概念、生物识别的基本过程和生物识别技术的发展动态,以及发展前景。对当前比较流行的几种生物识别技术指纹识别、虹膜识别、视网膜识别、人脸识别、签名识别和声音识别等,从原理及其特点上予以了论述和比较。     

弱激光辐照油松种子生物效应与生物细胞膜的渗透性

从植物生理学观点出发,用物理学方法讨论了He－Ne激光对生物细胞膜的渗透性影响。结果表明用He－Ne激光场辐照油松种子,有利于其细胞膜渗透能力的提高,并可产生有益的生物效应。     

电磁环境及其生物效应

强电磁辐射、工频电场与磁场及紫外线辐射均可产生生物效应。详细讨论了电磁环境的生物学效应;计算了典 型通信基站同时考虑邻近扇区辐射影响实际安全防护距离随方位的变化特性,其天线最大辐射方向上和最小辐射方位上 的最小安全防护距离分别为35.43m 和18.16m;利用等效电荷法计算了220kV、330kV 和500kV 高压输电线下空间工频 电场强度分布和安全防护距离,相对应输电线下电场最小安全防护距离分别为距边线外3.1m、8.0m 和12.7m。     

指纹识别系统的一种低功耗实现方法与应用

提出了一种指纹识别系统的低功耗设计方法,采用基于双控制核心的系统构架,将指纹识别功能和外设控制功能独立分开的设计,以ARM核心的ML67Q5250实现指纹的采集、处理、识别和匹配,以16位的超低功耗单片机MSP430F149控制外围设备实现指纹识别系统的具体应用,解决了指纹识别系统的高效率和低功耗的问题.     

Multifunctional Silver‐Exchanged Zeolite Micromotors for Catalytic Detoxification of Chemical and Biological Threats

Multifunctional reactive‐zeolite‐based micromotors have been developed and characterized toward effective and rapid elimination of chemical and biological threats. The incorporation of silver ions (Ag⁺) into aluminosilicate zeolite framework imparts several attractive functions, including strong binding to chemical warfare agents (CWA) followed by effective degradation, and enhanced antibacterial activity. The new zeolite‐micromotors protocol thus combines the remarkable adsorption capacity of zeolites and the efficient catalytic properties of the reactive Ag⁺ ions with the autonomous movement of the zeolite micromotors for an accelerated detoxification of CWA. Furthermore, the high antibacterial activity of Ag⁺ along with the rapid micromotor movement enhances the contact between bacteria and reactive Ag⁺, leading to a powerful “on‐the‐fly” bacteria killing capacity. These attractive adsorptive/catalytic features of the self‐propelled zeolite micromotors eliminate secondary environmental contamination compared to adsorptive micromotors. The distinct cubic geometry of the zeolite micromotors leads to enhanced bubble generation and faster movement, in unique movement trajectories, which increases the fluid convection and highly efficient detoxification of CWA and killing of bacteria. The attractive capabilities of these zeolite micromotors will pave the way for their diverse applications in defense, environmental and biomedical applications in more economical and sustainable manner.     

PbS/CdS/ZnS Quantum Dots: A Multifunctional Platform for In Vivo Near‐Infrared Low‐Dose Fluorescence Imaging

Over the past decade, near‐infrared (NIR)‐emitting nanoparticles have increasingly been investigated in biomedical research for use as fluorescent imaging probes. Here, high‐quality water‐dispersible core/shell/shell PbS/CdS/ZnS quantum dots (hereafter QDs) as NIR imaging probes fabricated through a rapid, cost‐effective microwave‐assisted cation exchange procedure are reported. These QDs have proven to be water dispersible, stable, and are expected to be nontoxic, resulting from the growth of an outer ZnS shell and the simultaneous surface functionalization with mercaptopropionic acid ligands. Care is taken to design the emission wavelength of the QDs probe lying within the second biological window (1000–1350 nm), which leads to higher penetration depths because of the low extinction coefficient of biological tissues in this spectral range. Furthermore, their intense fluorescence emission enables to follow the real‐time evolution of QD biodistribution among different organs of living mice, after low‐dose intravenous administration. In this paper, QD platform has proven to be capable (ex vivo and in vitro) of high‐resolution thermal sensing in the physiological temperature range. The investigation, together with the lack of noticeable toxicity from these PbS/CdS/ZnS QDs after preliminary studies, paves the way for their use as outstanding multifunctional probes both for in vitro and in vivo applications in biomedicine.     

人瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞原代培养及生物学行为研究

目的:建立可靠的人瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞培养方法,为瘢痕疙瘩体外研究提供平台.方法:采用组织块贴壁法进行瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞的原代培养,使用含10%胎牛血清的RPMI-1640培养基,37℃,5%CO2,饱和湿度下培养;描述其生长曲线、分裂指数、形态及波形蛋白表达.结果:瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞培养成功率43%(6/14),48～65天可传第一代,以后每5～10天可传一代,细胞为长梭形,波形蛋白表达阳性.结论:培养出的瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞可用作体外实验研究.