Effect of filler network on dynamic viscoelastic properties of uncured polymethylvinylsiloxanes filled with silica and carbon black

Dynamic properties of polymethylvinylsiloxane (PMVS) filled with filler‐blends composed of carbon black (CB) and silica (SiO₂) were investigated using an advanced rheometric expansion system. A variety of weight fraction of CB to SiO₂ were 0/100, 10/90, 30/70, 50/50, 70/30, 90/10, and 100/0, and a bifunctional organsilane, bis(3‐triethoxysilylpropyl)tetrasurfane, was used to facilitate the filler dispersion. The results reveal that the incorporation of CB/SiO₂ filler‐blends into PMVS result in a reduced Payne effect. This effect reaches a minimum when the ratio of CB/SiO₂ approaches 1, and then it began to rebound with the ratio increase. Meanwhile, a characteristic Newtonian viscosity plateau appearing in low frequencies also significantly decreases, depending on the amount of CB or SiO₂ added. On the basis of a simplified Fowke model, we ascribe this phenomenon to the deteriorated filler network, which is predominantly induced by the totally different surface activity between CB and SiO₂. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 99: 3477–3482, 2006     

炭黑品种及用量对NBR/CHR并用胶性能的影响

研究了炭黑Ｎ６６０、Ｎ６３０、Ｎ７６２、天然气半补强炭黑及喷雾炭黑对ＮＢＲ／均聚氯醚橡胶（ＣＨＲ）并用胶性能的影响。试验结果表明，这些炭黑在ＮＢＲ／ＣＨＲ并用胶中的用量达到８０份时，并用胶的加工性能仍较好。随着炭黑用量的增大，ＮＢＲ／ＣＨＲ并用胶的耐四氯化碳性能提高；压缩永久变形、压缩温升及硬度增大；扯断伸长率和回弹值下降；而拉伸强度则是先升高，当炭黑用量达到６０份时即下降；撕裂强度也是先升高，而后在不同用量处出现下降趋势。     

Chemical Composition Determination at the Bottom Region of a Recovery Boiler Furnace by Direct Minimization of Gibbs Free Energy

An optimization strategy has been applied to describe the chemical composition at the furnace bottom in the Kraft recovery boiler of a pulp production process. The concentrations of each involved chemical species were calculated through an optimization approach, minimizing the Gibbs free energy of the system. Various systems were proposed and tested, assuming different chemical species and phases number. Because serious initialization problems were found at this stage for some of the proposed systems, an optimization heuristic method (PSO) was used for the first approach to the problem. Once the appropriate phases number and chemical species in the system were determined, the initialization problems disappeared and the use of a deterministic optimization method (SQP) became viable. The proposed approach has shown to be satisfactory to reproduce industrial data and also data reported in the open scientific literature.     

PLC在碱回收蒸发工段的应用

根据碱回收蒸发工段的工艺特点和控制要求,设计了S7-300PLC控制系统.详细说明了控制系统的硬件组成、软件程序设计,工程实际运行表明,该系统控制效果良好,具有较好的经济价值.     

《动物农庄》中的黑色幽默

乔治·奥威尔在他的小说《动物庄园》中,运用黑色幽默手法,将一个极权、泯灭人性的未来社会面貌通过拟人的寓言形式表现出来.其中,讽刺、角色选择时代性、语言的谬论手法,体现黑色幽默的艺术技巧.     

混合炭黑TST-103在轮胎内层帘布胶中的应用

研究了混合炭黑TST-103在轮胎内层帘布胶中的应用。小配合和车间大料及成品轮胎试验表明，使用8份混合炭黑TST-103，内层帘布胶的工艺性能、物理性能及实际使用性能均与原内层帘布胶相近，而每千克胶料成本降低了0．33元。     

喷雾干燥在环保领域中的应用

环境保护是我国的基本国策之一,近年来呈蓬勃发展之势.本文主要介绍了喷雾干燥在半干法烟气脱硫、味精废水综合利用、造纸黑液处理等环保领域内的广泛应用.     

PS及PS接枝物/CB复合材料的导电性能

研究了ＰＳ及ＰＳ接枝物／ＣＢ复合材料的导电性能，讨论了炭黑用量、温度、加工工艺对其导电性能的影响，并研究了其复合导电材料的亚微结构和导电机理。     

新型促染剂在涤纶常压分散黑ECT染色中的应用

将自制促染剂应用于涤纶分散黑ECT染料常压染色中,优化出涤纶常压沸染染色工艺,并评价该促染剂的效果。结果表明,加促染剂常压沸染染色织物的上染百分率、表观深度、耐摩擦色牢度及耐皂洗牢度与传统高温高压染色工艺效果相近,且明显比常压无促染剂染色工艺效果好,该促染剂的促染效果优良。     

区域电网黑启动的多断面动态可靠性评估

随着电网规模的不断增大,发生大面积停电的风险也在增加,黑启动方案对于应对大面积停电具有重要意义。为了成功实施黑启动方案,需要保证黑启动全过程中区域电网多断面的较高动态可靠性水平,避免出现局部时段的脆弱性而导致黑启动失败。但是目前缺乏对区域电网多断面的可靠性评估模型和基于可靠性的综合评价方法。在传统可靠性评估的基础上,考虑区域电网动态过程中多断面的状态耦合关系及对可靠性参数的映射,建立区域电网多断面的动态可靠性评估模型,并基于主成分分析法建立综合评价模型;最后以冀北唐山电网3个黑启动方案作为算例,分别对其黑启动过程中不同阶段的可靠性进行评估,分析指标结果,给出最佳黑启动方案。