杀虫剂氯辛硫磷的合成

以邻氯甲苯为原料,经氯化、氰化、成肟和磷酰化反应,制得氯辛硫磷。     

国外杀虫剂开发进展

按作用方式的类别简要介绍了近年开发的一些重要杀虫剂。含氮杂环化合物是新杀虫剂发展的热点。     

Natural Products with Activity against Lung Cancer: A Review Focusing on the Tumor Microenvironment

Lung cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide. Despite the undeniable progress in lung cancer research made over the past decade, it is still the leading cause of cancer-related deaths and continues to challenge scientists and researchers engaged in searching for therapeutics and drugs. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is recognized as one of the major hallmarks of epithelial cancers, including the majority of lung cancers, and is associated with tumorigenesis, progression, invasion, and metastasis. Targeting of the TME has received increasing attention in recent years. Natural products have historically made substantial contributions to pharmacotherapy, especially for cancer. In this review, we emphasize the role of the TME and summarize the experimental proof demonstrating the antitumor effects and underlying mechanisms of natural products that target the TME. We also review the effects of natural products used in combination with anticancer agents. Moreover, we highlight nanotechnology and other materials used to enhance the effects of natural products. Overall, our hope is that this review of these natural products will encourage more thoughts and ideas on therapeutic development to benefit lung cancer patients.     

吡虫啉抗性产生的可能与治理

叙述了氟代烟碱类杀虫剂吡虫啉及其具有相同作用机制的杀虫剂抗性产生的可能与事实,并提出了可能的治理准则。     

Resveratrol: a review of plant sources,synthesis, stability,modification and food application

Resveratrol, a stilbene molecule belonging to the polyphenol family, is usually extracted from a great many natural plants. The technologies of preparation and extraction methods are developing rapidly. As resveratrol has many beneficial properties, it has been widely utilized in food and medicine industry. In terms of its structure, it is susceptible to degradation and can undergo chemical changes during food processing. Different studies have therefore given more attention to various aspects of resveratrol, including anti-aging, anti-oxidant, and anti-cancer activity. This review classifies the study of resveratrol, considers plant sources, synthesis, stability, common reactions, and food applications, and provides references to boost its food and medical utilization. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry     

几种杀虫剂防治椰心叶甲的药效试验

报道了9种杀虫剂防治椰心叶甲成虫的药效试验,试验结果表明:化学农药2.5%高效氟氯氰菊酯EC、2.5%三氟氯氰菊酯EC、10%吡虫啉WP对椰心叶甲的防治效果高,防效均在90%以上;生物农药1.8%阿维菌素EC、0.3%印楝素EC对椰心叶甲有一定的控制作用,但效果不理想。     

几种杀虫剂对平菇中菇蝇抑制作用的研究

目的 通过田间试验评价5种杀虫剂对菇蝇的药效及其对平菇生长的安全性。方法 在菇房条件下研究5种农药对菇蝇的防治效果, 并分析施药后不同时间平菇中的农药残留。结果 25%噻虫嗪, 25%吡蚜酮和25%吡蚜酮+25%噻虫嗪具有很好的防治效果, 而且使用后对平菇产量没有影响。50%的多菌灵, 50%的灭蝇胺的防治效果较差, 且对平菇的产量有影响。25%噻虫嗪, 25%吡蚜酮和25%吡蚜酮+25%噻虫嗪混合液使用 7 d后3种处理均未检测到农药残留。50%的多菌灵, 50%的灭蝇胺药后10 d仍能检测到残留。结论 噻虫嗪和吡蚜酮适宜作为菇蝇害虫的防治药剂, 对平菇影响小, 低残留等特点, 对菇蝇防治效果较好。     

3-烃基-4-苯基双环硫（氧）化磷酸酯的合成研究

研究双环硫化磷酸酯类化合物在大鼠及家蝇神经节结合部位有抗GABA（γ-氨基丁酸）作用,并对其进行了放射性配体与大鼠及家蝇GABA受体的结合活性测定,研究其抑制活性和生物选择性. 以2-苯基丙二酸二乙酯为原料,经酰化、还原及环合3步反应得到10个3-烃基-4-苯基双环笼状磷酸酯类化合物,所有化合物均通过1H NMR和MS进行了结构确认,采用放射性配体—受体结合试验,测定了10个化合物抑制［3H］EBOB（4’-乙炔基-4-正丙基原苯甲酸酯）与家蝇及大鼠GABA受体的结合活性,结果表明部分化合物在10-5 mol/L具有较好的抑制活性,且在大鼠与家蝇GABA受体之间有一定的选择性.     

UPLC-MS/MS测定葡萄酒中3种双酰胺类杀虫剂

建立了葡萄酒中氰虫酰胺、氯虫苯甲酰胺、氟苯虫酰胺等3种双酰胺类杀虫剂残留量的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC- MS/MS)检测方法。葡萄酒中的3种双酰胺类杀虫剂经乙腈提取后,用GCB/NH2固相萃取柱净化,以乙腈-5 mmol/L乙酸铵-甲酸作为流动相,梯度洗脱,通过UPLC-MS/MS进行测定。结果表明,3种双酰胺类杀虫剂在质量浓度1～20 μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(R)≥0.999 5,方法检出限＜1.0 μg/kg;以1.0 μg/kg、2.0 μg/kg、10 μg/kg为添加水平,平均回收率在76.3%～91.1%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.9%～9.8%。表明该方法快速简便、净化效果好、准确度较好、精密度较高,可应用于葡萄酒中3种双酰胺类杀虫剂的同时测定。