Lithium Ion Breathable Electrodes with 3D Hierarchical Architecture for Ultrastable and High‐Capacity Lithium Storage

Transition‐metal oxides show genuine potential in replacing state‐of‐the‐art carbonaceous anode materials in lithium‐ or sodium‐ion batteries because of their much higher theoretical capacity. However, they usually undergo massive volume change, which leads to numerous problems in both material and electrode levels, such as material pulverization, instable solid‐electrolyte interphase, and electrode failure. Here, it is demonstrated that lithium‐ion breathable hybrid electrodes with 3D architecture tackle all these problems, using a typical conversion‐type transition‐metal oxide, Fe₃O₄, of which nanoparticles are anchored onto 3D current collectors of Ni nanotube arrays (NTAs) and encapsulated by δ‐MnO₂ layers (Ni/Fe₃O₄@MnO₂). The δ‐MnO₂ layers reversibly switch lithium insertion/extraction of internal Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles and protect them against pulverizing and detaching from NTA current collectors, securing exceptional integrity retention and efficient ion/electron transport. The Ni/Fe₃O₄@MnO₂ electrodes exhibit superior cyclability and high‐capacity lithium storage (retaining ≈1450 mAh g^?1, ≈96% of initial value at 1 C rate after 1000 cycles).     

防水透气功能纺织品技术及其性能要求的分析

分析了织物防水透气机理及湿热传递性能的影响因素;总结了织物实现防水透气的条件和技术方法;论述了湿热传递性与服用舒适性之间的关系,包括保暖性与舒适性,透气性与舒适性之间的关系。     

Significant Characteristics of Medical-Grade Polymer Sheets and their Efficiency in Protecting Hydrogel Wound Dressings: A Soft Polymeric Biomaterial

Hydrogel dressings are soft biomaterials that need protection from external influences. Polymer sheets such as breathable film (BF) or breathable laminate (BL) were characterized in respect of water vapor transmission, water contact angle, microbial penetrability, and antimicrobial property to protect hydrogel dressings. The mechanical property and water retention ability of hydogels PVP-CMC and PVP-CMC-BA with and without BF and BL have been examined. Hydrogels covered with either BF or BL show better mechanical flexibility; however, their water retention capacity increases reasonably. The determined efficient properties of polymer sheets established that BF is better than BL as a protective sheet cover for hydrogel dressings.     

温敏型聚酰胺-胺型树状聚合物的研究进展

温敏聚酰胺-胺型(PAMAM)树状聚合物是同时具有温敏特性和树状大分子性能的一类聚合物,其不但受温度变化会发生刺激响应,同时具有PAMAM树状聚合物多反应位点、低粘度、高支化度、特殊的三维结构等特点。这类聚合物在医用材料、纺织面料、温敏传感器等领域有着广泛的应用前景。温敏聚PAMAM树状聚合物的制备方法丰富多样,可以采用调节树状聚合物末端基元取代度、或者调节聚合物中亲水链段的比例、或在树状大分子末端接枝具有温敏性的物质等方法。本文就温敏型PAMAM树状聚合物的制备方法、温敏机理及应用领域等方面进行综述。     

防水透湿织物结构与性能设计

文章在阐述“孔隙自由扩散”理论和“分子传递扩散”理论的基础上，对现有防水透湿织物的结构和性能进行了测试和分析，提出一种理想的防水透湿织物结构。     

利用风积沙研制防渗透气功能砂制品

以西北地区大量风积沙为主要原料,研制同时具有防渗和透气功能的砂制品。以砂治砂,在有效节约水资源的同时改善了生态环境。     

形状记忆聚氨酯及其应用

主要介绍了形状记忆聚氨酯的最新研究进展及其形状记忆效应的机理和结构特点,分析了其在防水透气织物等领域的应用,并对其发展方向做了展望.     

疏水透气型丙纶的研制

在纺牵一步法丙纶短纤维装置上,利用对聚丙烯(PP)原料及纺丝油剂的合理选择,对工艺技术的优化探索,研制疏水、透气型丙纶。用其纤维制成的无纺布,疏水、透气、柔软并具备一定强度。     

Mechanically strong shape memory polyurethane for water vapour permeable membranes

Water vapour permeable polymeric thin films possess significant importance in miscellaneous applications such as packaging, medical devices, controlled‐release systems, electronics and biosensors. In this work, a series of shape memory polyurethanes (SMPUs) were synthesized by a two‐step pre‐polymerization technique with variations in hard to soft segments and molecular weight of macroglycol. DSC, Fourier transform infrared spectra, dynamic TGA and tensile testing were carried out to characterize and evaluate the properties of these synthesized SMPUs. The effect of the soft segment and the molecular weight of macroglycol on the thermal properties, mechanical properties and water vapour permeability of the synthesized SMPUs were investigated to achieve a good water vapour permeable membrane. We found that the synthesized SMPUs demonstrated a good water vapour transmission rate of over 1460 g m^?2 day^–1 as well as robust mechanical properties with tensile strength 19.8 MPa indicating a promising permeable polymeric thin film for many potential applications, especially as protective clothing. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry     

防水透气聚氨酯薄膜及涂层的研究进展

综述了防水透气性聚氨酯薄膜及涂层的结构、原理及各种成型加工工艺及其应用。重点阐述了防水透气性聚氨酯薄膜及涂层在衣物及医用制品如运动服、伤口敷料、外科手术服及医护衣服等方面的应用。指出防水透气性聚氨酯薄膜及涂层是一种有着极大市场发展前景的新型材料。