辛酸铑二聚体的合成

目前,国内辛酸铑催化剂的生产工艺复杂落后,产品纯度和收率较低,不能满足工业化生产的需要。以醋酸铑二聚体为铑源,选用一种特殊溶剂,采取配体交换的方法,合成高纯度的辛酸铑二聚体催化剂,生产条件绿色环保。并运用红外光谱及元素分析对其进行表征,确定产物的组成及其结构,辛酸铑二聚体的元素组成与理论结果基本一致。考察合成反应温度、反应时间及辛酸与醋酸铑二聚体物质的量比对产物收率的影响。结果表明,在反应温度120 ℃、反应时间3 h和辛酸与醋酸铑二聚体物质的量比为4条件下,辛酸铑二聚体产率达98％。     

双三羟甲基丙烷正辛酸酯的合成

以双三羟甲基丙烷与正辛酸为原料,对甲基苯磺酸为催化剂,采用酸醇酯化法合成了双三羟甲基丙烷正辛酸酯。考察了反应物投料比、反应时间、催化剂用量等对反应的影响。结果证明,最佳反应条件为:酸醇摩尔比4.4∶1,催化剂用量为双三羟甲基丙烷质量的1.0%,带水剂为双三羟甲基丙烷质量的60%,反应温度为120℃,加热回流4 h。在此工艺条件下,产品颜色浅,产率高达97.28%。并用红外光谱、核磁等方法进行了定性分析。     

L-抗坏血酸辛酸酯的酶法合成及性质研究

在叔丁醇体系中,Novozym 435固定化脂肪酶催化L-抗坏血酸和中链脂肪酸正辛酸发生酯化反应合成L-抗坏血酸辛酸酯(L-AO),在底物(L-抗坏血酸)浓度0.2 mol/L、底物摩尔比6:1、脂肪酶用量20%、反应温度55℃、分子筛添加量60 mg/mL条件下反应12 h,L-抗坏血酸酯化转化率可达85.6%。DSC分析结果表明L-AO具有较低的结晶温度和较高的结晶焓,使其在低温时不易结晶析出。油溶性测定结果显示,L-AO在植物油中的溶解度远远大于L-抗坏血酸棕榈酸酯(L-AP),较高的油溶性有利于扩展其在油脂及脂溶性产品中的应用。羟自由基清除能力以及对油脂的抗氧化性能试验结果表明L-AO具有较强的抗氧化能力,是一种很有潜力的油溶性抗氧化剂。     

A four-component attractant for the mexican fruit fly,Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae), from host fruit

Sixteen chemicals found in fermented chapote fruit odor were evaluated as attractants for hungry adult Mexican fruit flies. Ethyl octanoate, ethyl benzoate, terpinyl acetate, ethyl salicylate, and (–)--copaene proved slightly attractive. Several of the chemicals also were tested for their ability to increase the attractiveness of the previously developed chapote-derived attractant (CEH) consisting of 1,8-cineole, ethyl hexanoate, and hexanol. Combinations containing CEH with ethyl octanoate, ethyl benzoate, 4-terpineol, (–)--cubebene, or-terpineol were significantly more attractive than CEH alone. The two most attractive four-component combinations were ethyl octanoate with CEH (CEHO) and ethyl benzoate with CEH. No combinations containing greater numbers of chemicals were significantly more attractive than CEHO. Therefore, CEHO was selected for further study in this paper. Of CEHO component ratios that were tested, the most attractive was 1011100 for the chemicals 1,8-cineole, ethyl hexanoate, hexanol, and ethyl octanoate, respectively. Formulations of CEHO into rubber septa and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) were aged 0–15 days and tested againstTorula yeast in competing McPhail traps in a flight chamber. Summed over all lure ages, rubber septa and PVC dispensers, respectively, were 1.2 and 1.5 times more attractive thanTorula yeast. PVC dispensers aged 10–15 days were approximately 2.1 times more attractive thanTorula yeast.     

淀粉辛酸酯的制备及其乳化性能的研究

将淀粉与辛酰氯在有机溶剂中反应制备了不同取代度的淀粉辛酸酯,采用红外光谱(FTIR)对其结构进行了表征。此外,进一步研究了淀粉辛酸酯在大豆油与水乳液体系中取代度、淀粉辛酸酯的质量分数和油水体积比等条件对淀粉辛酸酯乳液乳化性及乳化稳定性的影响。结果表明,在取代度为0.37、淀粉辛酸酯质量分数为7%时,淀粉辛酸酯显示出较好的乳化性能。在大豆油/水乳液体系中,当油水体积比为4∶6时,乳液的乳化性较好。而在油水体积比为2∶8时,乳液的乳化稳定性较好。     

Preparation and fluorescence of Nd3+ doped poly(methyl methacrylate) fibre

Neodymium octanoate (NdOA) was synthesized from neodymium oxides and dissolved into poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) forming a solid solution of Nd³⁺ doped PMMA (Nd-PMMA). Investigation of the absorption spectrum of Nd-PMMA showed that it was similar to that of Nd³⁺ doped silica glasses, but with about 5 nm of blue shift. The glass transition temperature (T_gs) of all the Nd-PMMA samples were about 10°C higher than that of pure PMMA for Nd³⁺ concentrations of 60–700ppm. The Nd-PMMA was used to draw a fibre. The emission output of the fibre at 585 nm was observed under a green source pumping at 532 nm by optimization of the Nd³⁺ concentration and the length of the fibre. Under 1 W pumping radiation, 60 μW output was obtained for the fibre with Nd³⁺ concentration of 70 ppm and length of 15 cm.     

非水相酶促合成L-抗坏血酸辛酸酯及其结构表征

以中链脂肪酸正辛酸为酰基供体,在有机相体系中利用脂肪酶催化酯化反应合成L-抗坏血酸辛酸酯。根据初步试验结果,选取对L-抗坏血酸酯化转化率影响显著的因素,进行响应面试验设计,建立回归模型,得到最优参数组合。结果表明:反应时间、反应温度、反应时间和反应温度的交互作用以及反应时间和底物浓度的交互作用对L-抗坏血酸酯化转化率均有显著影响(p0.05),回归模型可用。L-抗坏血酸辛酸酯酶法合成最优工艺条件为反应时间11.45 h、底物(L-抗坏血酸)浓度0.24 mol/L、反应温度55.3℃、脂肪酶用量(以L-抗坏血酸质量计)19.18%,此条件下L-抗坏血酸酯化转化率可达83.31%。产物经IR、MS、1H NMR和13C NMR结构表征,证实正辛酸被引入到了L-抗坏血酸的第6位羟基上。     

25%2·4D丁酯+20%辛酰碘苯腈乳油的液相色谱分析

论述了在同一液相色谱条件下测定2.4D丁酯+辛酰碘苯腈中的2.4-D丁酯、辛酰碘苯腈含量的方法。本方法采用反相色谱柱分离,三元混合流动相进行洗脱,紫外可变波长检测器进行检测,以外标法定量。     

溴苯腈新合成方法

对羟基苯甲醛与盐酸羟胺在甲酸中加热反应生成对羟基苯甲腈，然后在乙醇－水混合溶剂中与溴素，次氯酸钠反应制得溴苯腈，反应收率高，无污染。