Study on Jet Coflow Packing Tray

Experimental study on hydrodynamics and mass transfer efficiency of jet coflow packing tray (JCPT) was conducted in a φ285 mm column and a φ200 mm column, respectively. Compared with new vertical sieve tray which has been applied in the petrochemical industry since 1968, the JCPT has lower pressure drop, higher capacity and higher mass transfer efficiency, and seems promising in commercial application.     

Energy Efficiency of Two‐Phase Mixing in a Modified Bubble Column

Energy efficiency for gas liquid mixing in a modified downflow bubble column reactor has been analyzed in this paper. Efficiencies of the different parts of the bubble column have been assessed on the basis of energy dissipation. Prediction of the energy dissipation coefficient as well as energy utilization efficiency due to gas‐liquid mixing as a function of different physical, geometric and dynamic variables of the system has been done by correlation method. The distribution of energy utilization in the different zones of the column has also been analyzed. Experiments were carried out with air‐water and air‐aqueous solutions of carboxy methyl cellulose with different concentrations.     

QH-2型扁环填料的流体力学和传质性能研究

在内径60 0填料塔中 ,用空气 富氧水系统对3 8和5 0QH 2型扁环填料的流体力学和传质性能进行了研究 ,得出计算其压降、液泛气速和传质单元高度的关联式。并与3 8鲍尔环、5 0鲍尔环和3 8环矩鞍填料进行了比较 ,结果表明 ,QH 2型扁环具有优良的流体力学和传质特性。     

气泡釉的研制

研制了一种从石灰釉中分离出来的缺陷釉—气泡釉。气泡釉由于其特殊的性质,不适用于强度要求高的建陶,一般用于普通的日用瓷或艺术瓷。主要利用长石、高岭土、方解石、白云石和石英等常用原料,通过调整各种原料的用量,改变釉层厚度、烧成制度等方法来寻求最佳的气泡釉效果。     

挡水结构水下爆炸作用的离心模型试验

水下爆炸包括冲击波和气泡脉动,两者能量相当,均会对结构产生毁伤作用。水下爆炸载荷试验唯有在离心机内才满足相似关系,设计试验时宜在离心机负载范围内尽可能增加模型尺寸以减小边界效应。针对挡水结构,在离心机内布置压力传感器、高速摄像机、加速度计及应变片测试了冲击波、气泡脉动载荷及结构产生的动力响应。通过试验对比了水下爆炸和空爆产生的载荷,分析其引起结构动力响应的差异。对于水下爆炸,重力加速度的增加引起气泡脉动冲量的减小,而气泡脉动产生的峰值应变基本与气泡冲量呈线性关系,因而模拟气泡脉动对结构作用时应考虑重力效应。     

Hydrogen and Oxygen Bubble Attachment to a Bitumen Drop

Air bubble – bitumen attachment is a critical step in the flotation of bitumen from mined oil sand. In this study, single bubble – bitumen drop attachment was observed directly using a novel experimental technique. Induction time is determined and used as an indication of bubble‐bitumen attachment potency for both hydrogen and oxygen bubbles. The attachment tests were conducted in deaerated municipal water (City of Edmonton tap water) at temperatures ranging from 22–50°C. Induction times measured for hydrogen bubble attachment were shorter than those for oxygen bubbles. Coalescence tests were also conducted in the absence of bitumen, and showed that hydrogen bubbles coalesced more rapidly than oxygen bubbles in both deaerated municipal water and clear (solids‐free) process water.     

Bubble temperature data for phenol-alcohol systems: Phenol-I-Amyl alcohol and phenol-n-Amyl alcohol systems

In order to supplement the literature data on VLE, isobaric bubble temperature data were collected for the binary systems phenol-i-amyl alcohol and phenol-n-amyl alcohol over the entire composition range by indirect method using a standard Swietoslawski type ebulliometer. The measurements were made at three sub-atmospheric pressures. The experimental t-x data were correlated with both equation of state method and gamma-phi methods. In the former approach, the Soave equation of state is used, whereas in the latter case Wilson, NRTL and UNIQUAC equations are used.     

2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇水溶液的表面性质研究

采用最大泡压法测定了常压下纯液体2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇(MPO)及不同浓度MPO水溶液在298.15~367.7 K范围的界面张力。实验结果表明,纯MPO及其水溶液的界面张力σ随温度升高而呈线性减小;恒温下σ随浓度的增加呈幂函数递减。MPO水溶液的表面层发生正吸附,与理论上低脂肪醇类表面张力的性质符合。而且低浓度下MPO水溶液的吸附等温线呈直线,与G ibbs吸附等温式描述的规律相吻合。     

Low-temperature methanol synthesis in a circulating slurry bubble reactor

A circulating slurry bubble reactor was developed to synthesise methanol via methyl formate from the gas mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen at low temperature. The strategy for designing and scaling up the bubble reactor involved a preliminary understanding of fluid dynamics in a cold model, continuous operations under industrial conditions and a parallel experiment in an autoclave. Per-pass syngas conversion was investigated during 100-h operations. The axial profile of solid catalyst concentration was measured just before the shutdown and the composition of liquid product was analysed after the shutdown. These results show that the circulating slurry bubble column will become a potential reactor for the commercial process of low-temperature methanol synthesis after the catalyst system has been improved.     

鼓泡床内气泡-液体两相湍流代数应力模型的数值模拟

现有的气泡 -液体两相流动的数值模拟中 ,或者不考虑湍流 ,或者仅仅考虑液体湍流 ,但是直接模拟和PIV测量结果都表明气泡由于尾迹的作用有强烈的湍流脉动 .本文首次推导和封闭了同时模拟气泡湍流脉动和液体湍流脉动的二阶矩输运方程两相湍流模型 ,并在此基础上建立了代数应力气泡 -液体两相湍流模型 .用代数应力模型模拟了二维矩形断面鼓泡床内气泡 -液体两相流动 .预报结果给出了气泡和液体两相速度场、两相Reynolds应力及湍动能分布和气泡体积分数分布 .模拟结果与PIV测量结果符合很好 ,表明了模型的合理性 .研究结果表明 ,原先静止的液体在气泡因浮力而产生的上升运动的作用下产生回流流动 ,而气泡则只有上升运动 .气泡速度始终大于液体速度 .在床内气泡湍流脉动确实始终很强烈 .液体则由于气泡的作用以及自身速度梯度产生的双重作用而发生湍流脉动 .气泡的脉动显著地大于液体的脉动 .两相湍流脉动都是各向异性的 ,而且气泡湍流脉动的各向异性比液体的更强烈